Antiviral Immunity in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: From Protective to Deleterious Responses
After two previous episodes, in 2002 and 2012, when two highly pathogenic coronaviruses (SARS, MERS) with a zoonotic origin emerged in humans and caused fatal respiratory illness, we are today experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic produced by SARS-CoV-2. The main question of the year 2021 is if natural...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Microorganisms (Basel) 2021-12, Vol.9 (12), p.2578, Article 2578 |
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Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | After two previous episodes, in 2002 and 2012, when two highly pathogenic coronaviruses (SARS, MERS) with a zoonotic origin emerged in humans and caused fatal respiratory illness, we are today experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic produced by SARS-CoV-2. The main question of the year 2021 is if naturally- or artificially-acquired active immunity will be effective against the evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants. This review starts with the presentation of the two compartments of antiviral immunity-humoral and cellular, innate and adaptive-underlining how the involved cellular and molecular actors are intrinsically connected in the development of the immune response in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Then, the SARS-CoV-2 immunopathology, as well as the derived diagnosis and therapeutic approaches, will be discussed. |
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ISSN: | 2076-2607 2076-2607 |
DOI: | 10.3390/microorganisms9122578 |