Direct least squares fitting of ellipses segmentation and prioritized rules classification for curve-shaped chart patterns

In financial markets, appearances of chart patterns in time series are commonly considered as potential signals for imminent change in the direction of price movement. To identify chart patterns, time series data is usually segmented before it can be processed by different classification methods. However, existing segmentation methods are less effective in classifying 16 curve-shaped chart patterns from financial time series. In this paper, we propose three novel segmentation methods for classification of curve-shaped chart patterns based on direct least squares fitting of ellipses. These methods are implemented based on the principles of sliding windows, turning points, and bottom-up piece wise linear approximation. To further enhance the efficiency of classifying chart patterns from real-time streaming data, we propose a novel algorithm called Accelerating Classification with Prioritized Rules (ACPR). Experiments based on real datasets from financial markets reveal that the proposed approaches are effective in classifying curve-shaped patterns from time series. Experiment results reveal that the proposed segmentation methods with ACPR can significantly reduce the total execution time. •We propose 3 novel segmentation methods for classification of curve-shaped chart patterns.•Proposed segmentation methods are based on direct least squares fitting of ellipses.•To classify curve-shaped patterns from real-time data, a novel algorithm called Accelerating Classification with Prioritized Rules was proposed.•Experiments reveal that the proposed approaches are effective and can significantly reduce the total execution time.