Field Scale Modelling of Explosion-Generated Crack Densities in Granitic Rocks Using Dual-Support Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (DS-SPH)

A dual-support smoothed particle hydrodynamics (DS-SPH) method is developed to quantify explosion-generated crack densities within granitic rock masses in field-scale computational domains. In DS-SPH framework, coupled Eulerian total Lagrangian formulations, along with interface treatment between solid and inviscid fluid particles are fully considered. A new momentum equation formulation for interface treatment between inviscid fluids with various density ratios inside the blast borehole is also developed. The DS-SPH solutions are extended in such a way that decoupled explosions together with free surface and non-reflecting boundary conditions can be easily implemented. The three main deficiencies of conventional SPH (e.g., inconsistency, tensile instability, and hourglass mode) are removed in the stabilized DS-SPH method. In addition, GPU parallelization is adopted to accelerate the stabilized DS-SPH approach for higher efficiency. Then, the robustness of the developed DS-SPH solutions are verified by a number of theoretical and computational examples, and reproducing the full-scale blast field experiments. The developed DS-SPH solutions precisely reproduce the experimentally observed blast wave structures, and crack densities at several monitor locations. This is accomplished by addressing uncertainties in input parameters and enforcing various stabilization terms in DS-SPH formulations. Satisfactory speedup and acceptable scalability are also obtained, demonstrating that GPU-accelerated DS-SPH is a promising tool to speed up field scale particle-based simulations.