Impacts of injury severity on long-term outcomes following motor vehicle crashes
Background: There is growing evidence that a range of pre-injury, injury related and post-injury factors influence social and health outcomes across the injury severity spectrum. This paper documents health related outcomes for people with mild, moderate and severe injury after motor vehicle crash (...
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| creator | Hung, Kevin K. C. Kifley, Annette Brown, Katherine Jagnoor, Jagnoor Craig, Ashley Gabbe, Belinda Derrett, Sarah Dinh, Michael Gopinath, Bamini Cameron, Ian D. |
| description | Background: There is growing evidence that a range of pre-injury, injury related and post-injury factors influence social and health outcomes across the injury severity spectrum. This paper documents health related outcomes for people with mild, moderate and severe injury after motor vehicle crash (MVC) injuries in New South Wales, Australia.
Methods: This inception cohort study followed 2019 people injured in MVCs, for 6 and 12 months post-injury. We categorised moderate injury as hospital length-of-stay (LOS) of 2-6 days and Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 4-11, while severe injury as LOS >= 7 days or ISS >= 12. We examined differences in paid work status, 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF12), EQ-5D and World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS) outcomes longitudinally from baseline to 12 months between levels of injury severity using linear mixed models for repeated measures. We first considered minimally sufficient adjustment factors (age, sex, crash role, perceived danger in crash, pre-injury health, pre-injury EQ-5D, recruitment source), and then more extensive adjustments including post-injury factors. The presence of mediating pathways for SF-12 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) via post-injury factors was evaluated.
Results: Based on hospital length of stay (LOS), 25 and 10% of participants sustained moderate and severe injuries, respectively, while 43 and 4% had these injuries based on ISS. Twelve months post-injury LOS >= 7 days versus = 7 days was associated with a 3 units lower mean SF12 MCS score. Mediation analyses (LOS >= 7 days vs = 7 days and ISS 12+) had poorer recovery 12 months after the injury. In addition, post-injury mediators have an important role in influencing long-term health outcomes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s12889-021-10638-7 |
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Methods: This inception cohort study followed 2019 people injured in MVCs, for 6 and 12 months post-injury. We categorised moderate injury as hospital length-of-stay (LOS) of 2-6 days and Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 4-11, while severe injury as LOS >= 7 days or ISS >= 12. We examined differences in paid work status, 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF12), EQ-5D and World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS) outcomes longitudinally from baseline to 12 months between levels of injury severity using linear mixed models for repeated measures. We first considered minimally sufficient adjustment factors (age, sex, crash role, perceived danger in crash, pre-injury health, pre-injury EQ-5D, recruitment source), and then more extensive adjustments including post-injury factors. The presence of mediating pathways for SF-12 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) via post-injury factors was evaluated.
Results: Based on hospital length of stay (LOS), 25 and 10% of participants sustained moderate and severe injuries, respectively, while 43 and 4% had these injuries based on ISS. Twelve months post-injury LOS >= 7 days versus <= 1 day was associated with an estimated 9 units lower mean SF12 PCS using a minimally sufficient adjustment model, and LOS >= 7 days was associated with a 3 units lower mean SF12 MCS score. Mediation analyses (LOS >= 7 days vs <= 1 day) found for SF12 MCS outcomes, effects of injury severity were small and mostly indirect (direct effect - 0.03, indirect effect - 022). Whereas for SF12 PCS outcomes the effect of having a more severe injury rather than mild were both direct and indirect (direct effect - 050, indirect effect - 0.38).
Conclusions: Individuals with severe injuries (those with LOS >= 7 days and ISS 12+) had poorer recovery 12 months after the injury. In addition, post-injury mediators have an important role in influencing long-term health outcomes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1471-2458</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1471-2458</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10638-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33773593</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>LONDON: Springer Nature</publisher><subject>Accidents, Traffic ; Activities of daily living ; Australia - epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Crash injuries ; Crashes ; Health aspects ; Health related quality of life ; Humans ; Injuries ; Injury Severity Score ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Model testing ; Motor Vehicles ; New South Wales - epidemiology ; Pain ; Patient outcomes ; Prognosis ; Public health ; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health ; Quality of Life ; Questionnaires ; Recovery ; Recovery (Medical) ; Return to work ; Road injuries ; Schedules ; Science & Technology ; Traffic ; Traffic accidents ; Vehicles ; Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>BMC public health, 2021-03, Vol.21 (1), p.602-602, Article 602</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><rights>2021. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>10</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000635252800002</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-c074e9380045f3958f0c24340f5ffdc9933bb86849e009beaa7cbbb0ccdea763</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-c074e9380045f3958f0c24340f5ffdc9933bb86849e009beaa7cbbb0ccdea763</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8706-7758</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8005247/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8005247/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,729,782,786,866,887,2104,2116,27931,27932,39264,39265,53798,53800</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33773593$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hung, Kevin K. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kifley, Annette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, Katherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jagnoor, Jagnoor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Craig, Ashley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gabbe, Belinda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Derrett, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dinh, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gopinath, Bamini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cameron, Ian D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FISH Investigators</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>On behalf of the FISH Investigators</creatorcontrib><title>Impacts of injury severity on long-term outcomes following motor vehicle crashes</title><title>BMC public health</title><addtitle>BMC PUBLIC HEALTH</addtitle><addtitle>BMC Public Health</addtitle><description>Background: There is growing evidence that a range of pre-injury, injury related and post-injury factors influence social and health outcomes across the injury severity spectrum. This paper documents health related outcomes for people with mild, moderate and severe injury after motor vehicle crash (MVC) injuries in New South Wales, Australia.
Methods: This inception cohort study followed 2019 people injured in MVCs, for 6 and 12 months post-injury. We categorised moderate injury as hospital length-of-stay (LOS) of 2-6 days and Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 4-11, while severe injury as LOS >= 7 days or ISS >= 12. We examined differences in paid work status, 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF12), EQ-5D and World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS) outcomes longitudinally from baseline to 12 months between levels of injury severity using linear mixed models for repeated measures. We first considered minimally sufficient adjustment factors (age, sex, crash role, perceived danger in crash, pre-injury health, pre-injury EQ-5D, recruitment source), and then more extensive adjustments including post-injury factors. The presence of mediating pathways for SF-12 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) via post-injury factors was evaluated.
Results: Based on hospital length of stay (LOS), 25 and 10% of participants sustained moderate and severe injuries, respectively, while 43 and 4% had these injuries based on ISS. Twelve months post-injury LOS >= 7 days versus <= 1 day was associated with an estimated 9 units lower mean SF12 PCS using a minimally sufficient adjustment model, and LOS >= 7 days was associated with a 3 units lower mean SF12 MCS score. Mediation analyses (LOS >= 7 days vs <= 1 day) found for SF12 MCS outcomes, effects of injury severity were small and mostly indirect (direct effect - 0.03, indirect effect - 022). Whereas for SF12 PCS outcomes the effect of having a more severe injury rather than mild were both direct and indirect (direct effect - 050, indirect effect - 0.38).
Conclusions: Individuals with severe injuries (those with LOS >= 7 days and ISS 12+) had poorer recovery 12 months after the injury. In addition, post-injury mediators have an important role in influencing long-term health outcomes.</description><subject>Accidents, Traffic</subject><subject>Activities of daily living</subject><subject>Australia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Crash injuries</subject><subject>Crashes</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health related quality of life</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Injury Severity Score</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>Model testing</subject><subject>Motor Vehicles</subject><subject>New South Wales - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pain</subject><subject>Patient outcomes</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Public, Environmental & Occupational Health</subject><subject>Quality of Life</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Recovery</subject><subject>Recovery (Medical)</subject><subject>Return to work</subject><subject>Road injuries</subject><subject>Schedules</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>Traffic</subject><subject>Traffic accidents</subject><subject>Vehicles</subject><subject>Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology</subject><issn>1471-2458</issn><issn>1471-2458</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>GIZIO</sourceid><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkl2LEzEUhgdR3LX6B7yQAW8EmTWfM8mNsBQ_Cgt6sfchk560KTNJTTJd-u833a51K15IAgnJ-z7JObxV9RajK4xF-ylhIoRsEMENRi0VTfesusSsww1hXDx_sr-oXqW0QQh3gpOX1QWlXUe5pJfVz8W41SanOtja-c0U93WCHUSX93Xw9RD8qskQxzpM2YQRUm3DMIQ751f1GHKI9Q7WzgxQm6jTGtLr6oXVQ4I3j-usuv365Xb-vbn58W0xv75pDG9pbgzqGEgqEGLcUsmFRYYwypDl1i6NlJT2vWgFk4CQ7EHrzvR9j4xZgu5aOqsWR-wy6I3aRjfquFdBO_VwEOJK6ZgPH1NEU2p7igmTghWybpFhRDBErJDSysL6fGRtp36EpQGfox7OoOc33q3VKuxU-T0nrCuAD4-AGH5NkLIaXTIwDNpDmJIiHLVldqWoWfX-L-kmTNGXThUVZoKQFpM_qpUuBThvQ3nXHKDquuUdaQXBqKiu_qEqYwmjM8GDdeX8zECOBhNDShHsqUaM1CFS6hgpVSKlHiKlDsW9e9qdk-V3hopAHAV30AebjANv4CRDqHA44aQ0CyEyd1lnF_w8TD4X68f_t9J7PV3mfQ</recordid><startdate>20210327</startdate><enddate>20210327</enddate><creator>Hung, Kevin K. C.</creator><creator>Kifley, Annette</creator><creator>Brown, Katherine</creator><creator>Jagnoor, Jagnoor</creator><creator>Craig, Ashley</creator><creator>Gabbe, Belinda</creator><creator>Derrett, Sarah</creator><creator>Dinh, Michael</creator><creator>Gopinath, Bamini</creator><creator>Cameron, Ian D.</creator><general>Springer Nature</general><general>BioMed Central Ltd</general><general>BioMed Central</general><general>BMC</general><scope>17B</scope><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>DVR</scope><scope>EGQ</scope><scope>GIZIO</scope><scope>HGBXW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8706-7758</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210327</creationdate><title>Impacts of injury severity on long-term outcomes following motor vehicle crashes</title><author>Hung, Kevin K. C. ; Kifley, Annette ; Brown, Katherine ; Jagnoor, Jagnoor ; Craig, Ashley ; Gabbe, Belinda ; Derrett, Sarah ; Dinh, Michael ; Gopinath, Bamini ; Cameron, Ian D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-c074e9380045f3958f0c24340f5ffdc9933bb86849e009beaa7cbbb0ccdea763</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Accidents, Traffic</topic><topic>Activities of daily living</topic><topic>Australia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Crash injuries</topic><topic>Crashes</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Health related quality of life</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Injuries</topic><topic>Injury Severity Score</topic><topic>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</topic><topic>Model testing</topic><topic>Motor Vehicles</topic><topic>New South Wales - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pain</topic><topic>Patient outcomes</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Public, Environmental & Occupational Health</topic><topic>Quality of Life</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Recovery</topic><topic>Recovery (Medical)</topic><topic>Return to work</topic><topic>Road injuries</topic><topic>Schedules</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><topic>Traffic</topic><topic>Traffic accidents</topic><topic>Vehicles</topic><topic>Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hung, Kevin K. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kifley, Annette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, Katherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jagnoor, Jagnoor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Craig, Ashley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gabbe, Belinda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Derrett, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dinh, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gopinath, Bamini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cameron, Ian D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FISH Investigators</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>On behalf of the FISH Investigators</creatorcontrib><collection>Web of Knowledge</collection><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>Social Sciences Citation Index</collection><collection>Web of Science Primary (SCIE, SSCI & AHCI)</collection><collection>Web of Science - Social Sciences Citation Index – 2021</collection><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>BMC public health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hung, Kevin K. C.</au><au>Kifley, Annette</au><au>Brown, Katherine</au><au>Jagnoor, Jagnoor</au><au>Craig, Ashley</au><au>Gabbe, Belinda</au><au>Derrett, Sarah</au><au>Dinh, Michael</au><au>Gopinath, Bamini</au><au>Cameron, Ian D.</au><aucorp>FISH Investigators</aucorp><aucorp>On behalf of the FISH Investigators</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impacts of injury severity on long-term outcomes following motor vehicle crashes</atitle><jtitle>BMC public health</jtitle><stitle>BMC PUBLIC HEALTH</stitle><addtitle>BMC Public Health</addtitle><date>2021-03-27</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>602</spage><epage>602</epage><pages>602-602</pages><artnum>602</artnum><issn>1471-2458</issn><eissn>1471-2458</eissn><abstract>Background: There is growing evidence that a range of pre-injury, injury related and post-injury factors influence social and health outcomes across the injury severity spectrum. This paper documents health related outcomes for people with mild, moderate and severe injury after motor vehicle crash (MVC) injuries in New South Wales, Australia.
Methods: This inception cohort study followed 2019 people injured in MVCs, for 6 and 12 months post-injury. We categorised moderate injury as hospital length-of-stay (LOS) of 2-6 days and Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 4-11, while severe injury as LOS >= 7 days or ISS >= 12. We examined differences in paid work status, 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF12), EQ-5D and World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS) outcomes longitudinally from baseline to 12 months between levels of injury severity using linear mixed models for repeated measures. We first considered minimally sufficient adjustment factors (age, sex, crash role, perceived danger in crash, pre-injury health, pre-injury EQ-5D, recruitment source), and then more extensive adjustments including post-injury factors. The presence of mediating pathways for SF-12 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) via post-injury factors was evaluated.
Results: Based on hospital length of stay (LOS), 25 and 10% of participants sustained moderate and severe injuries, respectively, while 43 and 4% had these injuries based on ISS. Twelve months post-injury LOS >= 7 days versus <= 1 day was associated with an estimated 9 units lower mean SF12 PCS using a minimally sufficient adjustment model, and LOS >= 7 days was associated with a 3 units lower mean SF12 MCS score. Mediation analyses (LOS >= 7 days vs <= 1 day) found for SF12 MCS outcomes, effects of injury severity were small and mostly indirect (direct effect - 0.03, indirect effect - 022). Whereas for SF12 PCS outcomes the effect of having a more severe injury rather than mild were both direct and indirect (direct effect - 050, indirect effect - 0.38).
Conclusions: Individuals with severe injuries (those with LOS >= 7 days and ISS 12+) had poorer recovery 12 months after the injury. In addition, post-injury mediators have an important role in influencing long-term health outcomes.</abstract><cop>LONDON</cop><pub>Springer Nature</pub><pmid>33773593</pmid><doi>10.1186/s12889-021-10638-7</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8706-7758</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Accidents, Traffic Activities of daily living Australia - epidemiology Cohort Studies Crash injuries Crashes Health aspects Health related quality of life Humans Injuries Injury Severity Score Life Sciences & Biomedicine Model testing Motor Vehicles New South Wales - epidemiology Pain Patient outcomes Prognosis Public health Public, Environmental & Occupational Health Quality of Life Questionnaires Recovery Recovery (Medical) Return to work Road injuries Schedules Science & Technology Traffic Traffic accidents Vehicles Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology |
| title | Impacts of injury severity on long-term outcomes following motor vehicle crashes |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-04T06%3A17%3A33IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_webof&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Impacts%20of%20injury%20severity%20on%20long-term%20outcomes%20following%20motor%20vehicle%20crashes&rft.jtitle=BMC%20public%20health&rft.au=Hung,%20Kevin%20K.%20C.&rft.aucorp=FISH%20Investigators&rft.date=2021-03-27&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=602&rft.epage=602&rft.pages=602-602&rft.artnum=602&rft.issn=1471-2458&rft.eissn=1471-2458&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186/s12889-021-10638-7&rft_dat=%3Cgale_webof%3EA657268210%3C/gale_webof%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2514822612&rft_id=info:pmid/33773593&rft_galeid=A657268210&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_2a33fb3124984c99a60c428402f899f9&rfr_iscdi=true |