Strategic use of straw as environmental enrichment for prepartum sows in farrowing crates
•The enrichment of the farrowing crates with straw stimulates the nesting behaviour.•The supply of straw in the farrowing crates reduces stereotyped behaviour.•The provision of straw before farrowing reduces posture changes during farrowing. Sows are highly motivated to build a nest prior to farrowi...
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creator | Aparecida Martins, Renata Ribeiro Caldara, Fabiana Crone, Carla Markiy Odakura, Agnês Bevilacqua, Augusto Oliveira dos Santos Nieto, Viviane Maria Aparecida Felix, Gisele Pereira dos Santos, Alessandra Sousa dos Santos, Luan Garófallo Garcia, Rodrigo de Castro Lippi, Isabella Cristina |
description | •The enrichment of the farrowing crates with straw stimulates the nesting behaviour.•The supply of straw in the farrowing crates reduces stereotyped behaviour.•The provision of straw before farrowing reduces posture changes during farrowing.
Sows are highly motivated to build a nest prior to farrowing, but, given the barren environment of farrowing crates, this behaviour is limited and improperly expressed. We aimed to assess the effects of a straw provision in the farrowing crate as environmental enrichment in the prepartum period on: 1) sows' reproductive and behavioural responses before, during and after farrowing, and 2) piglets' performance during lactation. Multiparous sows (N = 32) were assigned according to parity to two enrichment conditions: 1) Control sows, and 2) Straw sows, (N = 16 sows/treatment). In the control treatment, the sows were kept in farrowing crates with no environmental enrichment. In the straw treatment, straw was provided in the farrowing crate by purpose-built boxes attached to the crate bars next to the sows. Straw was provided 24 h prior to the expected due date and removed after farrowing. Sows' behaviours (N = 12 sows/treatment) were recorded uninterruptedly from 12 h prior to farrowing until the 13th day of lactation. Data on reproductive performance (number of liveborn and stillborns, farrowing duration, and births interval) were collected. Five piglets were selected from each sow for assessment of performance and levels of blood lactate. All piglet deaths, as well as their causes, were recorded. Sows from straw treatment exhibited a higher frequency of nest-building behaviour and lower frequency of stereotyped behaviour and sitting posture (P < 0.05). No differences were found in the sows’ behaviours during farrowing (P > 0.05). The sows from control treatment exhibited a higher number of posture changes (P = 0.057). The frequency of nursing was higher in the sows that had access to straw (P < 0.05). No differences were observed in reproductive performance (P> 0.05). Providing straw had no effects on performance, lactate levels, or postnatal mortality of piglets (P > 0.05). Providing nesting material in the farrowing crate improves the welfare of sows by increasing their motivation to build the nest and reducing the stereotyped behaviours prior to farrowing. Moreover, access to straw reduces sow unrest during farrowing and stimulates the maternal behaviour of nursing. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.applanim.2020.105194 |
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Sows are highly motivated to build a nest prior to farrowing, but, given the barren environment of farrowing crates, this behaviour is limited and improperly expressed. We aimed to assess the effects of a straw provision in the farrowing crate as environmental enrichment in the prepartum period on: 1) sows' reproductive and behavioural responses before, during and after farrowing, and 2) piglets' performance during lactation. Multiparous sows (N = 32) were assigned according to parity to two enrichment conditions: 1) Control sows, and 2) Straw sows, (N = 16 sows/treatment). In the control treatment, the sows were kept in farrowing crates with no environmental enrichment. In the straw treatment, straw was provided in the farrowing crate by purpose-built boxes attached to the crate bars next to the sows. Straw was provided 24 h prior to the expected due date and removed after farrowing. Sows' behaviours (N = 12 sows/treatment) were recorded uninterruptedly from 12 h prior to farrowing until the 13th day of lactation. Data on reproductive performance (number of liveborn and stillborns, farrowing duration, and births interval) were collected. Five piglets were selected from each sow for assessment of performance and levels of blood lactate. All piglet deaths, as well as their causes, were recorded. Sows from straw treatment exhibited a higher frequency of nest-building behaviour and lower frequency of stereotyped behaviour and sitting posture (P < 0.05). No differences were found in the sows’ behaviours during farrowing (P > 0.05). The sows from control treatment exhibited a higher number of posture changes (P = 0.057). The frequency of nursing was higher in the sows that had access to straw (P < 0.05). No differences were observed in reproductive performance (P> 0.05). Providing straw had no effects on performance, lactate levels, or postnatal mortality of piglets (P > 0.05). Providing nesting material in the farrowing crate improves the welfare of sows by increasing their motivation to build the nest and reducing the stereotyped behaviours prior to farrowing. Moreover, access to straw reduces sow unrest during farrowing and stimulates the maternal behaviour of nursing.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0168-1591</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-9045</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2020.105194</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>AMSTERDAM: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science ; Behavioral Sciences ; Hypoxia ; Lactate ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Nest-building behaviour ; Reproductive performance ; Science & Technology ; Stereotypy ; Veterinary Sciences</subject><ispartof>Applied animal behaviour science, 2021-01, Vol.234, p.105194, Article 105194</ispartof><rights>2020 Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>11</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000613516600020</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c312t-f7e79508602a6b7a6876542a31b9cd4458c3413001c4c27227fff8c5083fd9f13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c312t-f7e79508602a6b7a6876542a31b9cd4458c3413001c4c27227fff8c5083fd9f13</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7681-1983 ; 0000-0001-7589-4094 ; 0000-0002-0126-0029 ; 0000-0002-0413-5610</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2020.105194$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,3552,27931,27932,39265,46002</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Aparecida Martins, Renata</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ribeiro Caldara, Fabiana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crone, Carla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Markiy Odakura, Agnês</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bevilacqua, Augusto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira dos Santos Nieto, Viviane Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aparecida Felix, Gisele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pereira dos Santos, Alessandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sousa dos Santos, Luan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garófallo Garcia, Rodrigo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Castro Lippi, Isabella Cristina</creatorcontrib><title>Strategic use of straw as environmental enrichment for prepartum sows in farrowing crates</title><title>Applied animal behaviour science</title><addtitle>APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI</addtitle><description>•The enrichment of the farrowing crates with straw stimulates the nesting behaviour.•The supply of straw in the farrowing crates reduces stereotyped behaviour.•The provision of straw before farrowing reduces posture changes during farrowing.
Sows are highly motivated to build a nest prior to farrowing, but, given the barren environment of farrowing crates, this behaviour is limited and improperly expressed. We aimed to assess the effects of a straw provision in the farrowing crate as environmental enrichment in the prepartum period on: 1) sows' reproductive and behavioural responses before, during and after farrowing, and 2) piglets' performance during lactation. Multiparous sows (N = 32) were assigned according to parity to two enrichment conditions: 1) Control sows, and 2) Straw sows, (N = 16 sows/treatment). In the control treatment, the sows were kept in farrowing crates with no environmental enrichment. In the straw treatment, straw was provided in the farrowing crate by purpose-built boxes attached to the crate bars next to the sows. Straw was provided 24 h prior to the expected due date and removed after farrowing. Sows' behaviours (N = 12 sows/treatment) were recorded uninterruptedly from 12 h prior to farrowing until the 13th day of lactation. Data on reproductive performance (number of liveborn and stillborns, farrowing duration, and births interval) were collected. Five piglets were selected from each sow for assessment of performance and levels of blood lactate. All piglet deaths, as well as their causes, were recorded. Sows from straw treatment exhibited a higher frequency of nest-building behaviour and lower frequency of stereotyped behaviour and sitting posture (P < 0.05). No differences were found in the sows’ behaviours during farrowing (P > 0.05). The sows from control treatment exhibited a higher number of posture changes (P = 0.057). The frequency of nursing was higher in the sows that had access to straw (P < 0.05). No differences were observed in reproductive performance (P> 0.05). Providing straw had no effects on performance, lactate levels, or postnatal mortality of piglets (P > 0.05). Providing nesting material in the farrowing crate improves the welfare of sows by increasing their motivation to build the nest and reducing the stereotyped behaviours prior to farrowing. Moreover, access to straw reduces sow unrest during farrowing and stimulates the maternal behaviour of nursing.</description><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science</subject><subject>Behavioral Sciences</subject><subject>Hypoxia</subject><subject>Lactate</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>Nest-building behaviour</subject><subject>Reproductive performance</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>Stereotypy</subject><subject>Veterinary Sciences</subject><issn>0168-1591</issn><issn>1872-9045</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkMtKxDAUhoMoOI6-gmQvHXNp0nanDN5AcKEuXIVMmowZpklJMlN8e1M6utXVufB_h8MHwCVGC4wwv94sZN9vpbPdgiAyLhluyiMww3VFigaV7BjMcrAuMGvwKTiLcYMQYhSjGfh4TUEmvbYK7qKG3sCYFwOUEWq3t8G7Trskt3kKVn2OAzQ-wD7oXoa062D0Q4TWQSND8IN1a6jGi_EcnBi5jfriUOfg_f7ubflYPL88PC1vnwtFMUmFqXTVMFRzRCRfVZLXFWclkRSvGtWWJasVLTFFCKtSkYqQyhhTq0xQ0zYG0zng010VfIxBG9EH28nwJTASoyCxET-CxChITIIyeDWBg155E5XVTulfOBvimDLMee4Iyun6_-mlTTJZ75Z-51JGbyZUZw17q4M44K0NWiXRevvXr99gUpPg</recordid><startdate>202101</startdate><enddate>202101</enddate><creator>Aparecida Martins, Renata</creator><creator>Ribeiro Caldara, Fabiana</creator><creator>Crone, Carla</creator><creator>Markiy Odakura, Agnês</creator><creator>Bevilacqua, Augusto</creator><creator>Oliveira dos Santos Nieto, Viviane Maria</creator><creator>Aparecida Felix, Gisele</creator><creator>Pereira dos Santos, Alessandra</creator><creator>Sousa dos Santos, Luan</creator><creator>Garófallo Garcia, Rodrigo</creator><creator>de Castro Lippi, Isabella Cristina</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>HGBXW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7681-1983</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-4094</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0126-0029</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0413-5610</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202101</creationdate><title>Strategic use of straw as environmental enrichment for prepartum sows in farrowing crates</title><author>Aparecida Martins, Renata ; Ribeiro Caldara, Fabiana ; Crone, Carla ; Markiy Odakura, Agnês ; Bevilacqua, Augusto ; Oliveira dos Santos Nieto, Viviane Maria ; Aparecida Felix, Gisele ; Pereira dos Santos, Alessandra ; Sousa dos Santos, Luan ; Garófallo Garcia, Rodrigo ; de Castro Lippi, Isabella Cristina</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c312t-f7e79508602a6b7a6876542a31b9cd4458c3413001c4c27227fff8c5083fd9f13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Agriculture</topic><topic>Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science</topic><topic>Behavioral Sciences</topic><topic>Hypoxia</topic><topic>Lactate</topic><topic>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</topic><topic>Nest-building behaviour</topic><topic>Reproductive performance</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><topic>Stereotypy</topic><topic>Veterinary Sciences</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Aparecida Martins, Renata</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ribeiro Caldara, Fabiana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crone, Carla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Markiy Odakura, Agnês</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bevilacqua, Augusto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira dos Santos Nieto, Viviane Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aparecida Felix, Gisele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pereira dos Santos, Alessandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sousa dos Santos, Luan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garófallo Garcia, Rodrigo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Castro Lippi, Isabella Cristina</creatorcontrib><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Applied animal behaviour science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Aparecida Martins, Renata</au><au>Ribeiro Caldara, Fabiana</au><au>Crone, Carla</au><au>Markiy Odakura, Agnês</au><au>Bevilacqua, Augusto</au><au>Oliveira dos Santos Nieto, Viviane Maria</au><au>Aparecida Felix, Gisele</au><au>Pereira dos Santos, Alessandra</au><au>Sousa dos Santos, Luan</au><au>Garófallo Garcia, Rodrigo</au><au>de Castro Lippi, Isabella Cristina</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Strategic use of straw as environmental enrichment for prepartum sows in farrowing crates</atitle><jtitle>Applied animal behaviour science</jtitle><stitle>APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI</stitle><date>2021-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>234</volume><spage>105194</spage><pages>105194-</pages><artnum>105194</artnum><issn>0168-1591</issn><eissn>1872-9045</eissn><abstract>•The enrichment of the farrowing crates with straw stimulates the nesting behaviour.•The supply of straw in the farrowing crates reduces stereotyped behaviour.•The provision of straw before farrowing reduces posture changes during farrowing.
Sows are highly motivated to build a nest prior to farrowing, but, given the barren environment of farrowing crates, this behaviour is limited and improperly expressed. We aimed to assess the effects of a straw provision in the farrowing crate as environmental enrichment in the prepartum period on: 1) sows' reproductive and behavioural responses before, during and after farrowing, and 2) piglets' performance during lactation. Multiparous sows (N = 32) were assigned according to parity to two enrichment conditions: 1) Control sows, and 2) Straw sows, (N = 16 sows/treatment). In the control treatment, the sows were kept in farrowing crates with no environmental enrichment. In the straw treatment, straw was provided in the farrowing crate by purpose-built boxes attached to the crate bars next to the sows. Straw was provided 24 h prior to the expected due date and removed after farrowing. Sows' behaviours (N = 12 sows/treatment) were recorded uninterruptedly from 12 h prior to farrowing until the 13th day of lactation. Data on reproductive performance (number of liveborn and stillborns, farrowing duration, and births interval) were collected. Five piglets were selected from each sow for assessment of performance and levels of blood lactate. All piglet deaths, as well as their causes, were recorded. Sows from straw treatment exhibited a higher frequency of nest-building behaviour and lower frequency of stereotyped behaviour and sitting posture (P < 0.05). No differences were found in the sows’ behaviours during farrowing (P > 0.05). The sows from control treatment exhibited a higher number of posture changes (P = 0.057). The frequency of nursing was higher in the sows that had access to straw (P < 0.05). No differences were observed in reproductive performance (P> 0.05). Providing straw had no effects on performance, lactate levels, or postnatal mortality of piglets (P > 0.05). Providing nesting material in the farrowing crate improves the welfare of sows by increasing their motivation to build the nest and reducing the stereotyped behaviours prior to farrowing. Moreover, access to straw reduces sow unrest during farrowing and stimulates the maternal behaviour of nursing.</abstract><cop>AMSTERDAM</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.applanim.2020.105194</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7681-1983</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-4094</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0126-0029</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0413-5610</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | Agriculture Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science Behavioral Sciences Hypoxia Lactate Life Sciences & Biomedicine Nest-building behaviour Reproductive performance Science & Technology Stereotypy Veterinary Sciences |
title | Strategic use of straw as environmental enrichment for prepartum sows in farrowing crates |
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