Strategic use of straw as environmental enrichment for prepartum sows in farrowing crates

•The enrichment of the farrowing crates with straw stimulates the nesting behaviour.•The supply of straw in the farrowing crates reduces stereotyped behaviour.•The provision of straw before farrowing reduces posture changes during farrowing. Sows are highly motivated to build a nest prior to farrowi...

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Veröffentlicht in:Applied animal behaviour science 2021-01, Vol.234, p.105194, Article 105194
Hauptverfasser: Aparecida Martins, Renata, Ribeiro Caldara, Fabiana, Crone, Carla, Markiy Odakura, Agnês, Bevilacqua, Augusto, Oliveira dos Santos Nieto, Viviane Maria, Aparecida Felix, Gisele, Pereira dos Santos, Alessandra, Sousa dos Santos, Luan, Garófallo Garcia, Rodrigo, de Castro Lippi, Isabella Cristina
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container_title Applied animal behaviour science
container_volume 234
creator Aparecida Martins, Renata
Ribeiro Caldara, Fabiana
Crone, Carla
Markiy Odakura, Agnês
Bevilacqua, Augusto
Oliveira dos Santos Nieto, Viviane Maria
Aparecida Felix, Gisele
Pereira dos Santos, Alessandra
Sousa dos Santos, Luan
Garófallo Garcia, Rodrigo
de Castro Lippi, Isabella Cristina
description •The enrichment of the farrowing crates with straw stimulates the nesting behaviour.•The supply of straw in the farrowing crates reduces stereotyped behaviour.•The provision of straw before farrowing reduces posture changes during farrowing. Sows are highly motivated to build a nest prior to farrowing, but, given the barren environment of farrowing crates, this behaviour is limited and improperly expressed. We aimed to assess the effects of a straw provision in the farrowing crate as environmental enrichment in the prepartum period on: 1) sows' reproductive and behavioural responses before, during and after farrowing, and 2) piglets' performance during lactation. Multiparous sows (N = 32) were assigned according to parity to two enrichment conditions: 1) Control sows, and 2) Straw sows, (N = 16 sows/treatment). In the control treatment, the sows were kept in farrowing crates with no environmental enrichment. In the straw treatment, straw was provided in the farrowing crate by purpose-built boxes attached to the crate bars next to the sows. Straw was provided 24 h prior to the expected due date and removed after farrowing. Sows' behaviours (N = 12 sows/treatment) were recorded uninterruptedly from 12 h prior to farrowing until the 13th day of lactation. Data on reproductive performance (number of liveborn and stillborns, farrowing duration, and births interval) were collected. Five piglets were selected from each sow for assessment of performance and levels of blood lactate. All piglet deaths, as well as their causes, were recorded. Sows from straw treatment exhibited a higher frequency of nest-building behaviour and lower frequency of stereotyped behaviour and sitting posture (P < 0.05). No differences were found in the sows’ behaviours during farrowing (P > 0.05). The sows from control treatment exhibited a higher number of posture changes (P = 0.057). The frequency of nursing was higher in the sows that had access to straw (P < 0.05). No differences were observed in reproductive performance (P> 0.05). Providing straw had no effects on performance, lactate levels, or postnatal mortality of piglets (P > 0.05). Providing nesting material in the farrowing crate improves the welfare of sows by increasing their motivation to build the nest and reducing the stereotyped behaviours prior to farrowing. Moreover, access to straw reduces sow unrest during farrowing and stimulates the maternal behaviour of nursing.
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Sows are highly motivated to build a nest prior to farrowing, but, given the barren environment of farrowing crates, this behaviour is limited and improperly expressed. We aimed to assess the effects of a straw provision in the farrowing crate as environmental enrichment in the prepartum period on: 1) sows' reproductive and behavioural responses before, during and after farrowing, and 2) piglets' performance during lactation. Multiparous sows (N = 32) were assigned according to parity to two enrichment conditions: 1) Control sows, and 2) Straw sows, (N = 16 sows/treatment). In the control treatment, the sows were kept in farrowing crates with no environmental enrichment. In the straw treatment, straw was provided in the farrowing crate by purpose-built boxes attached to the crate bars next to the sows. Straw was provided 24 h prior to the expected due date and removed after farrowing. Sows' behaviours (N = 12 sows/treatment) were recorded uninterruptedly from 12 h prior to farrowing until the 13th day of lactation. Data on reproductive performance (number of liveborn and stillborns, farrowing duration, and births interval) were collected. Five piglets were selected from each sow for assessment of performance and levels of blood lactate. All piglet deaths, as well as their causes, were recorded. Sows from straw treatment exhibited a higher frequency of nest-building behaviour and lower frequency of stereotyped behaviour and sitting posture (P &lt; 0.05). No differences were found in the sows’ behaviours during farrowing (P &gt; 0.05). The sows from control treatment exhibited a higher number of posture changes (P = 0.057). The frequency of nursing was higher in the sows that had access to straw (P &lt; 0.05). No differences were observed in reproductive performance (P&gt; 0.05). Providing straw had no effects on performance, lactate levels, or postnatal mortality of piglets (P &gt; 0.05). Providing nesting material in the farrowing crate improves the welfare of sows by increasing their motivation to build the nest and reducing the stereotyped behaviours prior to farrowing. 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Sows are highly motivated to build a nest prior to farrowing, but, given the barren environment of farrowing crates, this behaviour is limited and improperly expressed. We aimed to assess the effects of a straw provision in the farrowing crate as environmental enrichment in the prepartum period on: 1) sows' reproductive and behavioural responses before, during and after farrowing, and 2) piglets' performance during lactation. Multiparous sows (N = 32) were assigned according to parity to two enrichment conditions: 1) Control sows, and 2) Straw sows, (N = 16 sows/treatment). In the control treatment, the sows were kept in farrowing crates with no environmental enrichment. In the straw treatment, straw was provided in the farrowing crate by purpose-built boxes attached to the crate bars next to the sows. Straw was provided 24 h prior to the expected due date and removed after farrowing. Sows' behaviours (N = 12 sows/treatment) were recorded uninterruptedly from 12 h prior to farrowing until the 13th day of lactation. Data on reproductive performance (number of liveborn and stillborns, farrowing duration, and births interval) were collected. Five piglets were selected from each sow for assessment of performance and levels of blood lactate. All piglet deaths, as well as their causes, were recorded. Sows from straw treatment exhibited a higher frequency of nest-building behaviour and lower frequency of stereotyped behaviour and sitting posture (P &lt; 0.05). No differences were found in the sows’ behaviours during farrowing (P &gt; 0.05). The sows from control treatment exhibited a higher number of posture changes (P = 0.057). The frequency of nursing was higher in the sows that had access to straw (P &lt; 0.05). No differences were observed in reproductive performance (P&gt; 0.05). Providing straw had no effects on performance, lactate levels, or postnatal mortality of piglets (P &gt; 0.05). Providing nesting material in the farrowing crate improves the welfare of sows by increasing their motivation to build the nest and reducing the stereotyped behaviours prior to farrowing. Moreover, access to straw reduces sow unrest during farrowing and stimulates the maternal behaviour of nursing.</description><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Agriculture, Dairy &amp; Animal Science</subject><subject>Behavioral Sciences</subject><subject>Hypoxia</subject><subject>Lactate</subject><subject>Life Sciences &amp; Biomedicine</subject><subject>Nest-building behaviour</subject><subject>Reproductive performance</subject><subject>Science &amp; Technology</subject><subject>Stereotypy</subject><subject>Veterinary Sciences</subject><issn>0168-1591</issn><issn>1872-9045</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkMtKxDAUhoMoOI6-gmQvHXNp0nanDN5AcKEuXIVMmowZpklJMlN8e1M6utXVufB_h8MHwCVGC4wwv94sZN9vpbPdgiAyLhluyiMww3VFigaV7BjMcrAuMGvwKTiLcYMQYhSjGfh4TUEmvbYK7qKG3sCYFwOUEWq3t8G7Trskt3kKVn2OAzQ-wD7oXoa062D0Q4TWQSND8IN1a6jGi_EcnBi5jfriUOfg_f7ubflYPL88PC1vnwtFMUmFqXTVMFRzRCRfVZLXFWclkRSvGtWWJasVLTFFCKtSkYqQyhhTq0xQ0zYG0zng010VfIxBG9EH28nwJTASoyCxET-CxChITIIyeDWBg155E5XVTulfOBvimDLMee4Iyun6_-mlTTJZ75Z-51JGbyZUZw17q4M44K0NWiXRevvXr99gUpPg</recordid><startdate>202101</startdate><enddate>202101</enddate><creator>Aparecida Martins, Renata</creator><creator>Ribeiro Caldara, Fabiana</creator><creator>Crone, Carla</creator><creator>Markiy Odakura, Agnês</creator><creator>Bevilacqua, Augusto</creator><creator>Oliveira dos Santos Nieto, Viviane Maria</creator><creator>Aparecida Felix, Gisele</creator><creator>Pereira dos Santos, Alessandra</creator><creator>Sousa dos Santos, Luan</creator><creator>Garófallo Garcia, Rodrigo</creator><creator>de Castro Lippi, Isabella Cristina</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>HGBXW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7681-1983</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-4094</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0126-0029</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0413-5610</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202101</creationdate><title>Strategic use of straw as environmental enrichment for prepartum sows in farrowing crates</title><author>Aparecida Martins, Renata ; 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Sows are highly motivated to build a nest prior to farrowing, but, given the barren environment of farrowing crates, this behaviour is limited and improperly expressed. We aimed to assess the effects of a straw provision in the farrowing crate as environmental enrichment in the prepartum period on: 1) sows' reproductive and behavioural responses before, during and after farrowing, and 2) piglets' performance during lactation. Multiparous sows (N = 32) were assigned according to parity to two enrichment conditions: 1) Control sows, and 2) Straw sows, (N = 16 sows/treatment). In the control treatment, the sows were kept in farrowing crates with no environmental enrichment. In the straw treatment, straw was provided in the farrowing crate by purpose-built boxes attached to the crate bars next to the sows. Straw was provided 24 h prior to the expected due date and removed after farrowing. Sows' behaviours (N = 12 sows/treatment) were recorded uninterruptedly from 12 h prior to farrowing until the 13th day of lactation. Data on reproductive performance (number of liveborn and stillborns, farrowing duration, and births interval) were collected. Five piglets were selected from each sow for assessment of performance and levels of blood lactate. All piglet deaths, as well as their causes, were recorded. Sows from straw treatment exhibited a higher frequency of nest-building behaviour and lower frequency of stereotyped behaviour and sitting posture (P &lt; 0.05). No differences were found in the sows’ behaviours during farrowing (P &gt; 0.05). The sows from control treatment exhibited a higher number of posture changes (P = 0.057). The frequency of nursing was higher in the sows that had access to straw (P &lt; 0.05). No differences were observed in reproductive performance (P&gt; 0.05). Providing straw had no effects on performance, lactate levels, or postnatal mortality of piglets (P &gt; 0.05). Providing nesting material in the farrowing crate improves the welfare of sows by increasing their motivation to build the nest and reducing the stereotyped behaviours prior to farrowing. Moreover, access to straw reduces sow unrest during farrowing and stimulates the maternal behaviour of nursing.</abstract><cop>AMSTERDAM</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.applanim.2020.105194</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7681-1983</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-4094</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0126-0029</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0413-5610</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Agriculture
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Behavioral Sciences
Hypoxia
Lactate
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Nest-building behaviour
Reproductive performance
Science & Technology
Stereotypy
Veterinary Sciences
title Strategic use of straw as environmental enrichment for prepartum sows in farrowing crates
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