Focused ion beam irradiation for generation of skyrmionic bubble like structures

•Skyrmionic bubble like structures are artificially created.•Pt/Co/Ir and Pt/Co/W films are optimized for skyrmionic bubble like structures.•Focused ion beam irradiation is used to generate skyrmionic bubble like structures.•Focused ion beam irradiation locates and stabilizes the bubbles.•The create...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials 2021-04, Vol.523, p.167591, Article 167591
Hauptverfasser: Ahrens, Valentin, Mendisch, Simon, Kaiser, Waldemar, Kiechle, Martina, Breitkreutz-v. Gamm, Stephan, Becherer, Markus
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container_start_page 167591
container_title Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials
container_volume 523
creator Ahrens, Valentin
Mendisch, Simon
Kaiser, Waldemar
Kiechle, Martina
Breitkreutz-v. Gamm, Stephan
Becherer, Markus
description •Skyrmionic bubble like structures are artificially created.•Pt/Co/Ir and Pt/Co/W films are optimized for skyrmionic bubble like structures.•Focused ion beam irradiation is used to generate skyrmionic bubble like structures.•Focused ion beam irradiation locates and stabilizes the bubbles.•The created spin-textures show high stability and can be tuned in size. Skyrmions provide high potential for low power magnetic computing. However, we are lacking methods for the controlled nucleation of skyrmions in magnetic thin films. We present a procedure for a controlled generation of skyrmionic bubble like structures (SBSs) at well-defined spots by focused ion beam (FIB) irradiation of magnetic multilayers. Series of Pt/Co/Ir and Pt/Co/W multilayers with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) were sputtered and optimized with respect to the domain structure and development under magnetic field. Applying an external magnetic field pulse of specific strength to a sample in both the demagnetized domain state and the uniform ferromagnetic state results in the condensation and nucleation of bubbles, respectively. In multilayer films, SBSs form randomly across the sample. To control the bubble nucleation, we irradiate the multilayer stacks with 50kVGa+ ions to alter the magnetic properties along a hexagonal grid. We observe nucleation and geometric confinement of bubbles within the center of the hexagons. The lowered anisotropy in irradiated regions forms potential barriers which stabilizes the bubbles at room temperature and zero field. FIB tuned magnetic thin films give an exciting platform to investigate the behavior of SBSs in a confined state and to study the possibilities of controlled field- and current-driven motion.
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Series of Pt/Co/Ir and Pt/Co/W multilayers with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) were sputtered and optimized with respect to the domain structure and development under magnetic field. Applying an external magnetic field pulse of specific strength to a sample in both the demagnetized domain state and the uniform ferromagnetic state results in the condensation and nucleation of bubbles, respectively. In multilayer films, SBSs form randomly across the sample. To control the bubble nucleation, we irradiate the multilayer stacks with 50kVGa+ ions to alter the magnetic properties along a hexagonal grid. We observe nucleation and geometric confinement of bubbles within the center of the hexagons. The lowered anisotropy in irradiated regions forms potential barriers which stabilizes the bubbles at room temperature and zero field. 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Gamm, Stephan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Becherer, Markus</creatorcontrib><title>Focused ion beam irradiation for generation of skyrmionic bubble like structures</title><title>Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials</title><addtitle>J MAGN MAGN MATER</addtitle><description>•Skyrmionic bubble like structures are artificially created.•Pt/Co/Ir and Pt/Co/W films are optimized for skyrmionic bubble like structures.•Focused ion beam irradiation is used to generate skyrmionic bubble like structures.•Focused ion beam irradiation locates and stabilizes the bubbles.•The created spin-textures show high stability and can be tuned in size. Skyrmions provide high potential for low power magnetic computing. However, we are lacking methods for the controlled nucleation of skyrmions in magnetic thin films. We present a procedure for a controlled generation of skyrmionic bubble like structures (SBSs) at well-defined spots by focused ion beam (FIB) irradiation of magnetic multilayers. Series of Pt/Co/Ir and Pt/Co/W multilayers with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) were sputtered and optimized with respect to the domain structure and development under magnetic field. Applying an external magnetic field pulse of specific strength to a sample in both the demagnetized domain state and the uniform ferromagnetic state results in the condensation and nucleation of bubbles, respectively. In multilayer films, SBSs form randomly across the sample. To control the bubble nucleation, we irradiate the multilayer stacks with 50kVGa+ ions to alter the magnetic properties along a hexagonal grid. We observe nucleation and geometric confinement of bubbles within the center of the hexagons. The lowered anisotropy in irradiated regions forms potential barriers which stabilizes the bubbles at room temperature and zero field. FIB tuned magnetic thin films give an exciting platform to investigate the behavior of SBSs in a confined state and to study the possibilities of controlled field- and current-driven motion.</description><subject>Anisotropy</subject><subject>Artificial skyrmionic bubble like structures</subject><subject>Bubbles</subject><subject>Cobalt</subject><subject>Ferromagnetism</subject><subject>Hexagons</subject><subject>Hypothetical particles</subject><subject>Ion beam irradiation</subject><subject>Ion beams</subject><subject>Iridium</subject><subject>Irradiation</subject><subject>Magnetic domains</subject><subject>Magnetic fields</subject><subject>Magnetic multilayers</subject><subject>Magnetic properties</subject><subject>Magnetic thin films</subject><subject>Materials Science</subject><subject>Materials Science, Multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Multilayers</subject><subject>Nucleation</subject><subject>Particle theory</subject><subject>Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy (PMA)</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics, Condensed Matter</subject><subject>Platinum</subject><subject>Potential barriers</subject><subject>Room temperature</subject><subject>Room temperature skyrmionic bubble like structures</subject><subject>Science &amp; Technology</subject><subject>Technology</subject><subject>Thin films</subject><subject>Zero field skyrmionic bubble like structures</subject><issn>0304-8853</issn><issn>1873-4766</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkE9LxDAQxYMouK5-AU8Fj9I1f5q0BS-yuCos6EHPoU0nku62WZNU2W9vaheP4iWZDO_NvPwQuiR4QTARN-2i7bpuQTGNDZHzkhyhGSlylma5EMdohhnO0qLg7BSded9ijElWiBl6WVk1eGgSY_ukhqpLjHNVY6owNrR1yTv04Kan1Ynf7F0Xa6OSeqjrLSRbs4HEBzeoMDjw5-hEV1sPF4d7jt5W96_Lx3T9_PC0vFuniuU0pACYNpoXBIimJaccmOAxeDzqcsyvCaZKcJbppqqz-ElSqyZjIqeUc0HYHF1Nc3fOfgzgg2zt4Pq4UtKsKDGNa0YVnVTKWe8daLlzpqvcXhIsR3KylSM5OZKTE7loup5MX1Bb7ZWBXsGvMaITmOeE0VhRHNXF_9VLE35QLu3Qh2i9nawQQX0acPJgb4wDFWRjzV85vwFbW5a6</recordid><startdate>20210401</startdate><enddate>20210401</enddate><creator>Ahrens, Valentin</creator><creator>Mendisch, Simon</creator><creator>Kaiser, Waldemar</creator><creator>Kiechle, Martina</creator><creator>Breitkreutz-v. 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Gamm, Stephan</au><au>Becherer, Markus</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Focused ion beam irradiation for generation of skyrmionic bubble like structures</atitle><jtitle>Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials</jtitle><stitle>J MAGN MAGN MATER</stitle><date>2021-04-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>523</volume><spage>167591</spage><pages>167591-</pages><artnum>167591</artnum><issn>0304-8853</issn><eissn>1873-4766</eissn><abstract>•Skyrmionic bubble like structures are artificially created.•Pt/Co/Ir and Pt/Co/W films are optimized for skyrmionic bubble like structures.•Focused ion beam irradiation is used to generate skyrmionic bubble like structures.•Focused ion beam irradiation locates and stabilizes the bubbles.•The created spin-textures show high stability and can be tuned in size. Skyrmions provide high potential for low power magnetic computing. However, we are lacking methods for the controlled nucleation of skyrmions in magnetic thin films. We present a procedure for a controlled generation of skyrmionic bubble like structures (SBSs) at well-defined spots by focused ion beam (FIB) irradiation of magnetic multilayers. Series of Pt/Co/Ir and Pt/Co/W multilayers with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) were sputtered and optimized with respect to the domain structure and development under magnetic field. Applying an external magnetic field pulse of specific strength to a sample in both the demagnetized domain state and the uniform ferromagnetic state results in the condensation and nucleation of bubbles, respectively. In multilayer films, SBSs form randomly across the sample. To control the bubble nucleation, we irradiate the multilayer stacks with 50kVGa+ ions to alter the magnetic properties along a hexagonal grid. We observe nucleation and geometric confinement of bubbles within the center of the hexagons. The lowered anisotropy in irradiated regions forms potential barriers which stabilizes the bubbles at room temperature and zero field. FIB tuned magnetic thin films give an exciting platform to investigate the behavior of SBSs in a confined state and to study the possibilities of controlled field- and current-driven motion.</abstract><cop>AMSTERDAM</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.167591</doi><tpages>5</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9069-690X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Anisotropy
Artificial skyrmionic bubble like structures
Bubbles
Cobalt
Ferromagnetism
Hexagons
Hypothetical particles
Ion beam irradiation
Ion beams
Iridium
Irradiation
Magnetic domains
Magnetic fields
Magnetic multilayers
Magnetic properties
Magnetic thin films
Materials Science
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Multilayers
Nucleation
Particle theory
Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy (PMA)
Physical Sciences
Physics
Physics, Condensed Matter
Platinum
Potential barriers
Room temperature
Room temperature skyrmionic bubble like structures
Science & Technology
Technology
Thin films
Zero field skyrmionic bubble like structures
title Focused ion beam irradiation for generation of skyrmionic bubble like structures
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