Experimental Studies on the Stress-Strain State under Drawing Aluminum–Copper Bimetal Parts Rectangular in Plan

The stress-strain state has been studied for a flange of a semiproduct made of an aluminum–copper bimetal under drawing boxes rectangular in plan. These studies are carried out using a grid method, assuming that the material is isotropic and incompressible; the deformation within each cell is uniform; the deformation occurs monotonically; and the stressed state is plane and the deformed state is bulk, but the elastic deformations are negligible. In order to minimize the measurement errors of coordinate grids and reduce the time required for processing information, a CAD software package is used for simulation The billets are rectangles with explosion-welded A4 aluminum and a M4 copper layers subjected to preliminary heat treatment before the operation of drawing. The rectangular billets have been successively drawn to a height of 10 mm; after drawing, the grid and the thickness of the sample under study are measured. The samples of billets have been photographed at an identical focal length and loaded into the application program. In the program, coordinate points are applied to the grid nodes to measure the distances and coordinates of these points before and after deformation. The measurement results show that the greatest deformation is experienced by the corner zones of the billet, where the compressive stresses exhibit an increase from the angle bisector to the walls. These stresses lead to bimetallic billet delamination, as well as to occurring corrugations throughout the copper layer. The drawing is performed for 20 billets and, in each case, the corrugation on the flange surface is observed. Varying the clamping pressure in the range from 0.25 to 0.5 MPa does not lead to any positive results. The end part of the box flange experiences the greatest strain rate, whereas, when approaching the matrix hole, the strain rate exhibits a 20% decrease. The action of angular shear stresses leads to transition-zone discontinuity, which is characterized by the presence of an intermetallic layer having reduced plastic properties.