Topological Symmetry Transition between Toroidal and Klein Bottle Graphenic Systems

In the current study, distance-based topological invariants, namely the Wiener number and the topological roundness index, were computed for graphenic tori and Klein bottles (named toroidal and Klein bottle fullerenes or polyhexes in the pre-graphene literature) described as closed graphs with N ver...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Symmetry (Basel) 2020-08, Vol.12 (8), p.1233
Hauptverfasser:	Putz, Mihai V., Ori, Ottorino
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Apexes Fullerenes Graph theory Graphene graphenic nano-systems Graphs Klein bottle Lattices Phenomenology polyhexes Relativity Roundness Stability Symmetry topo-quantum symmetry Topology tori Toruses
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