Synthesis of Methane Observations Across Scales: Strategies for Deploying a Multitiered Observing Network

Regional methane emissions monitoring is rapidly expanding with increased coverage of surface, airborne, and satellite instruments. We pilot a multitiered observing system in the Los Angeles Basin. We combine surface methane measurements from the Los Angeles Megacities Carbon Project, mountaintop re...

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Veröffentlicht in:Geophysical research letters 2020-04, Vol.47 (7), p.n/a, Article 2020
Hauptverfasser: Cusworth, Daniel H., Duren, Riley M., Yadav, Vineet, Thorpe, Andrew K., Verhulst, Kristal, Sander, Stanley, Hopkins, Francesca, Rafiq, Talha, Miller, Charles E.
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container_issue 7
container_start_page
container_title Geophysical research letters
container_volume 47
creator Cusworth, Daniel H.
Duren, Riley M.
Yadav, Vineet
Thorpe, Andrew K.
Verhulst, Kristal
Sander, Stanley
Hopkins, Francesca
Rafiq, Talha
Miller, Charles E.
description Regional methane emissions monitoring is rapidly expanding with increased coverage of surface, airborne, and satellite instruments. We pilot a multitiered observing system in the Los Angeles Basin. We combine surface methane measurements from the Los Angeles Megacities Carbon Project, mountaintop retrievals from the CLARS‐FTS instrument, and space‐based XCH4 retrievals from the TROPOMI instrument into a single monitoring framework. We simulate these observations using a high‐resolution tracer transport model. Using inverse methods, we compare the sensitivity of each observing system component to various emissions sources. Combining multiple observing system into one framework allows for increased spatial and temporal sensitivity to methane emissions. We find a close correspondence between these inverse flux trends and independent airborne AVIRIS‐NG methane plume trends over a large landfill in the Los Angeles Basin. These results show that multitiered observing systems can reveal insights about sub‐basin scale methane emissions, which can be used to drive decision support. Plain Language Summary Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas. In order to effectively reduce its atmospheric concentrations, we need advanced methane observing strategies to pinpoint large emissions on small spatial scales. In this study, we combine surface, mountaintop, and satellite observations of methane over Los Angeles (called a multitiered observing system) and use these data to infer information about urban methane emissions. We assess how much information each component of the observing system provides to this analytics system. We validate our findings with independent airborne methane fluxes derived from the AVIRIS‐NG airborne instrument over a large landfill. Both systems detected large emission reductions that resulted from improved management practices. A multitiered observing and analytics system can potentially provide sub‐basin scale decision support for methane mitigation. Key Points A multitiered (surface, airborne, mountaintop, and satellite) methane tiered observing system is created for the Los Angeles Basin Combining multiple observing system into a single framework allows for increased spatial and temporal sensitivity to methane emissions Inverse fluxes from the multitiered system over a large landfill are validated with independent airborne observations
doi_str_mv 10.1029/2020GL087869
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We pilot a multitiered observing system in the Los Angeles Basin. We combine surface methane measurements from the Los Angeles Megacities Carbon Project, mountaintop retrievals from the CLARS‐FTS instrument, and space‐based XCH4 retrievals from the TROPOMI instrument into a single monitoring framework. We simulate these observations using a high‐resolution tracer transport model. Using inverse methods, we compare the sensitivity of each observing system component to various emissions sources. Combining multiple observing system into one framework allows for increased spatial and temporal sensitivity to methane emissions. We find a close correspondence between these inverse flux trends and independent airborne AVIRIS‐NG methane plume trends over a large landfill in the Los Angeles Basin. These results show that multitiered observing systems can reveal insights about sub‐basin scale methane emissions, which can be used to drive decision support. Plain Language Summary Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas. In order to effectively reduce its atmospheric concentrations, we need advanced methane observing strategies to pinpoint large emissions on small spatial scales. In this study, we combine surface, mountaintop, and satellite observations of methane over Los Angeles (called a multitiered observing system) and use these data to infer information about urban methane emissions. We assess how much information each component of the observing system provides to this analytics system. We validate our findings with independent airborne methane fluxes derived from the AVIRIS‐NG airborne instrument over a large landfill. Both systems detected large emission reductions that resulted from improved management practices. A multitiered observing and analytics system can potentially provide sub‐basin scale decision support for methane mitigation. Key Points A multitiered (surface, airborne, mountaintop, and satellite) methane tiered observing system is created for the Los Angeles Basin Combining multiple observing system into a single framework allows for increased spatial and temporal sensitivity to methane emissions Inverse fluxes from the multitiered system over a large landfill are validated with independent airborne observations</description><identifier>ISSN: 0094-8276</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-8007</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1029/2020GL087869</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>WASHINGTON: Amer Geophysical Union</publisher><subject>Airborne instruments ; Airborne observation ; AVIRIS ; Computer simulation ; Decision analysis ; Decision support systems ; emissions ; Emissions control ; Fluxes ; Geology ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Greenhouse effect ; Greenhouse gases ; Instruments ; inverse ; Landfill ; Landfill gas ; Landfills ; Megacities ; Methane ; Methane emissions ; Mitigation ; multitier ; Physical Sciences ; Pollution monitoring ; Satellite instruments ; Satellite observation ; Satellite-borne instruments ; Satellites ; Science &amp; Technology ; Sensitivity ; Tracer transport ; Tracers ; Trends ; urban ; Waste disposal sites</subject><ispartof>Geophysical research letters, 2020-04, Vol.47 (7), p.n/a, Article 2020</ispartof><rights>2020. 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subjects Airborne instruments
Airborne observation
AVIRIS
Computer simulation
Decision analysis
Decision support systems
emissions
Emissions control
Fluxes
Geology
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Greenhouse effect
Greenhouse gases
Instruments
inverse
Landfill
Landfill gas
Landfills
Megacities
Methane
Methane emissions
Mitigation
multitier
Physical Sciences
Pollution monitoring
Satellite instruments
Satellite observation
Satellite-borne instruments
Satellites
Science & Technology
Sensitivity
Tracer transport
Tracers
Trends
urban
Waste disposal sites
title Synthesis of Methane Observations Across Scales: Strategies for Deploying a Multitiered Observing Network
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