DC-bus Voltage Control based on Direct Lyapunov Method for a Converter-based Stand-alone DC Micro-grid

•A novel control technique is proposed to stabilize DC-bus voltage of a micro-grid.•DC micro-grid includes photovoltaic, wind-turbine, micro-turbine and battery units.•The control inputs are calculated based on direct Lyapunov stability technique.•Stability of the generation units is analyzed using input-output linearization technique.•Applying the controller using simulations, superior results are achieved. This paper presents a novel distributed control technique based on the direct Lyapunov method to regulate the DC-bus voltage of a stand-alone DC micro-grid with variant power generation and consumption. This DC micro-grid consists of a photovoltaic unit, a wind-turbine unit, a micro-turbine unit, and a lithium-battery-based energy storage unit, where the energy storage system is constantly connected to the DC-bus in order to damp any DC voltage alteration. Moreover, the micro-turbine unit is set to compensate for the lack of power when a significant decrement in the generated power or a severe increment in the load power happens. In these types of energy multi-sources systems with the voltage instability, a proper distributed control technique focusing on the voltage stabilization through the current regulation of DC/DC converters is required to decrease the associated fluctuation impact of power-sharing. This paper proposes a control technique based on the comprehensive differential models of the power-converter-based generation units in which both the steady-state and dynamic operating conditions of the DC/DC converters are considered. Moreover, the stability of the generation units is analyzed using an input-output linearization technique. Simulation results in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment verify the accuracy of the energy-management-based control strategy in various operating conditions.