Paraspinal back muscles in asymptomatic volunteers: quantitative and qualitative analysis using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Background To evaluate paraspinal back muscles of asymptomatic subjects using qualitative and quantitative analysis on CT and MRI and correlate the results with demographic data. Methods Twenty-nine asymptomatic subjects were enrolled prospectively (age: mean 34.31, range 23-50; 14 men, 15 women) fr...
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| description | Background To evaluate paraspinal back muscles of asymptomatic subjects using qualitative and quantitative analysis on CT and MRI and correlate the results with demographic data. Methods Twenty-nine asymptomatic subjects were enrolled prospectively (age: mean 34.31, range 23-50; 14 men, 15 women) from August 2016 to April 2017. Qualitative analysis of muscles was done using Goutallier's system on CT and MRI. Quantitative analysis entailed cross sectional area (CSA) on CT and MRI, Hounsfield unit (HU) on CT, fat fraction using two-point Dixon technique on MRI. Three readers independently analyzed the images; intra- and inter-observer agreements were measured. Linear regression and Spearman's analyses were used for correlation with demographic data. Results CSA values were significantly higher in men (p < 0.001). Fat fraction was higher (22.53% vs. 14.35%) and HU lower (36.00 vs. 47.43) in women (p < 0.001). Intra- and inter-observer reliabilities of the two methods were greater than 0.8, except for CSA of L5/S1 on MRI; however, regarding quantitative analysis, decreasing HU and increasing fat fraction were correlated with increasing age, female gender and lower lumbar segment (p < 0.001). Conclusion MRI and CT can be reliably used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of paraspinal back muscles, regarding fat content. Fat fraction and HU showed highest reliabilities. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s12891-020-03432-w |
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Methods Twenty-nine asymptomatic subjects were enrolled prospectively (age: mean 34.31, range 23-50; 14 men, 15 women) from August 2016 to April 2017. Qualitative analysis of muscles was done using Goutallier's system on CT and MRI. Quantitative analysis entailed cross sectional area (CSA) on CT and MRI, Hounsfield unit (HU) on CT, fat fraction using two-point Dixon technique on MRI. Three readers independently analyzed the images; intra- and inter-observer agreements were measured. Linear regression and Spearman's analyses were used for correlation with demographic data. Results CSA values were significantly higher in men (p < 0.001). Fat fraction was higher (22.53% vs. 14.35%) and HU lower (36.00 vs. 47.43) in women (p < 0.001). Intra- and inter-observer reliabilities of the two methods were greater than 0.8, except for CSA of L5/S1 on MRI; however, regarding quantitative analysis, decreasing HU and increasing fat fraction were correlated with increasing age, female gender and lower lumbar segment (p < 0.001). Conclusion MRI and CT can be reliably used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of paraspinal back muscles, regarding fat content. Fat fraction and HU showed highest reliabilities.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1471-2474</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1471-2474</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03432-w</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32590960</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>LONDON: Springer Nature</publisher><subject>Adiposity ; Adult ; Agreements ; Back pain ; Body mass index ; Computed tomography ; Cross-sectional area ; Fatty infiltration ; Female ; Gender ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Linear Models ; Lumbosacral Region ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Medical imaging ; Medical screening ; Middle Aged ; MRI ; Muscle atrophy ; Muscles ; Muscular Atrophy - diagnosis ; Muscular Atrophy - diagnostic imaging ; Muscular Atrophy - pathology ; Muscular Atrophy - physiopathology ; Musculoskeletal diseases ; Orthopedics ; Paraspinal Muscles - diagnostic imaging ; Paraspinal Muscles - pathology ; Paraspinal Muscles - physiopathology ; Prospective Studies ; Qualitative research ; Quantitative analysis ; Regression analysis ; Rheumatology ; Sarcopenia ; Scanners ; Science & Technology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Two point Dixon ; Women ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2020-06, Vol.21 (1), p.403-403, Article 403</ispartof><rights>2020. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>16</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000545945500001</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c496t-3d0f44b21d69c5b655c324f7defc48928d27002f314f18b97ee056c1d5617723</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c496t-3d0f44b21d69c5b655c324f7defc48928d27002f314f18b97ee056c1d5617723</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0896-4766 ; 0000-0003-0120-6564</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7320566/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7320566/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,865,886,2103,2115,27929,27930,28253,53796,53798</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32590960$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Khil, Eun Kyung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Jung-Ah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hwang, Eunjin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sidek, Sabrilhakim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Il</creatorcontrib><title>Paraspinal back muscles in asymptomatic volunteers: quantitative and qualitative analysis using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)</title><title>BMC musculoskeletal disorders</title><addtitle>BMC MUSCULOSKEL DIS</addtitle><addtitle>BMC Musculoskelet Disord</addtitle><description>Background To evaluate paraspinal back muscles of asymptomatic subjects using qualitative and quantitative analysis on CT and MRI and correlate the results with demographic data. Methods Twenty-nine asymptomatic subjects were enrolled prospectively (age: mean 34.31, range 23-50; 14 men, 15 women) from August 2016 to April 2017. Qualitative analysis of muscles was done using Goutallier's system on CT and MRI. Quantitative analysis entailed cross sectional area (CSA) on CT and MRI, Hounsfield unit (HU) on CT, fat fraction using two-point Dixon technique on MRI. Three readers independently analyzed the images; intra- and inter-observer agreements were measured. Linear regression and Spearman's analyses were used for correlation with demographic data. Results CSA values were significantly higher in men (p < 0.001). Fat fraction was higher (22.53% vs. 14.35%) and HU lower (36.00 vs. 47.43) in women (p < 0.001). Intra- and inter-observer reliabilities of the two methods were greater than 0.8, except for CSA of L5/S1 on MRI; however, regarding quantitative analysis, decreasing HU and increasing fat fraction were correlated with increasing age, female gender and lower lumbar segment (p < 0.001). Conclusion MRI and CT can be reliably used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of paraspinal back muscles, regarding fat content. Fat fraction and HU showed highest reliabilities.</description><subject>Adiposity</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Agreements</subject><subject>Back pain</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Computed tomography</subject><subject>Cross-sectional area</subject><subject>Fatty infiltration</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gender</subject><subject>Healthy Volunteers</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Lumbosacral Region</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical imaging</subject><subject>Medical screening</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>MRI</subject><subject>Muscle atrophy</subject><subject>Muscles</subject><subject>Muscular Atrophy - diagnosis</subject><subject>Muscular Atrophy - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Muscular Atrophy - pathology</subject><subject>Muscular Atrophy - physiopathology</subject><subject>Musculoskeletal diseases</subject><subject>Orthopedics</subject><subject>Paraspinal Muscles - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Paraspinal Muscles - pathology</subject><subject>Paraspinal Muscles - physiopathology</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Qualitative research</subject><subject>Quantitative analysis</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Rheumatology</subject><subject>Sarcopenia</subject><subject>Scanners</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</subject><subject>Two point Dixon</subject><subject>Women</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1471-2474</issn><issn>1471-2474</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AOWDO</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNUs2O0zAYjBCIXRZegAOyxKUrFPBfYnsPSKjip9IiEOrdcpwv3ZTEztpJqz4M74rbLmWXEyd_Hs-MxvZk2UuC3xIiy3eRUKlIjinOMeOM5ttH2TnhguSUC_743nyWPYtxjTERkqmn2RmjhcKqxOfZr-8mmDi0znSoMvYn6qdoO4iodcjEXT-Mvjdja9HGd5MbAUK8QreTcWM7JnwDyLh6D3R_96bbxTaiKbZuhazvh2mEGiUjvwpmuNmh2Xx5edD1ZuVg7x4gemecBdQmbK-bff2xuHyePWlMF-HF3XqRLT99XM6_5NffPi_mH65zy1U55qzGDecVJXWpbFGVRWEZ5Y2oobFcKiprKjCmDSO8IbJSAgAXpSV1URIhKLvIFkfb2pu1HkLKEHbam1YfAB9W2oQUswMtLZaVqKiqmOBUUaUqyUASVdVgeQ3J6_3Ra5iqHmoLbgyme2D68MS1N3rlN1owmkKVyWB2ZxD87QRx1H0bLXSdceCnqCknkjBa8iJRX_9DXfsppPffs9K_U0EUTyx6ZNngYwzQnMIQrPdF0sci6VQkfSiS3ibRq_vXOEn-NCcR5JGwhco30baQfu9EwxgXvFC8KNKEyfxQDu_mPnUoSd_8v5T9Bi8M57s</recordid><startdate>20200626</startdate><enddate>20200626</enddate><creator>Khil, Eun Kyung</creator><creator>Choi, Jung-Ah</creator><creator>Hwang, Eunjin</creator><creator>Sidek, Sabrilhakim</creator><creator>Choi, Il</creator><general>Springer Nature</general><general>BioMed Central</general><general>BMC</general><scope>AOWDO</scope><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0896-4766</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0120-6564</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200626</creationdate><title>Paraspinal back muscles in asymptomatic volunteers: quantitative and qualitative analysis using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)</title><author>Khil, Eun Kyung ; Choi, Jung-Ah ; Hwang, Eunjin ; Sidek, Sabrilhakim ; Choi, Il</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c496t-3d0f44b21d69c5b655c324f7defc48928d27002f314f18b97ee056c1d5617723</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Adiposity</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Agreements</topic><topic>Back pain</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Computed tomography</topic><topic>Cross-sectional area</topic><topic>Fatty infiltration</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gender</topic><topic>Healthy Volunteers</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Lumbosacral Region</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical imaging</topic><topic>Medical screening</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>MRI</topic><topic>Muscle atrophy</topic><topic>Muscles</topic><topic>Muscular Atrophy - diagnosis</topic><topic>Muscular Atrophy - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Muscular Atrophy - pathology</topic><topic>Muscular Atrophy - physiopathology</topic><topic>Musculoskeletal diseases</topic><topic>Orthopedics</topic><topic>Paraspinal Muscles - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Paraspinal Muscles - pathology</topic><topic>Paraspinal Muscles - physiopathology</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Qualitative research</topic><topic>Quantitative analysis</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Rheumatology</topic><topic>Sarcopenia</topic><topic>Scanners</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><topic>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</topic><topic>Two point Dixon</topic><topic>Women</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Khil, Eun Kyung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Jung-Ah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hwang, Eunjin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sidek, Sabrilhakim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Il</creatorcontrib><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2020</collection><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>BMC musculoskeletal disorders</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Khil, Eun Kyung</au><au>Choi, Jung-Ah</au><au>Hwang, Eunjin</au><au>Sidek, Sabrilhakim</au><au>Choi, Il</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Paraspinal back muscles in asymptomatic volunteers: quantitative and qualitative analysis using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)</atitle><jtitle>BMC musculoskeletal disorders</jtitle><stitle>BMC MUSCULOSKEL DIS</stitle><addtitle>BMC Musculoskelet Disord</addtitle><date>2020-06-26</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>403</spage><epage>403</epage><pages>403-403</pages><artnum>403</artnum><issn>1471-2474</issn><eissn>1471-2474</eissn><abstract>Background To evaluate paraspinal back muscles of asymptomatic subjects using qualitative and quantitative analysis on CT and MRI and correlate the results with demographic data. Methods Twenty-nine asymptomatic subjects were enrolled prospectively (age: mean 34.31, range 23-50; 14 men, 15 women) from August 2016 to April 2017. Qualitative analysis of muscles was done using Goutallier's system on CT and MRI. Quantitative analysis entailed cross sectional area (CSA) on CT and MRI, Hounsfield unit (HU) on CT, fat fraction using two-point Dixon technique on MRI. Three readers independently analyzed the images; intra- and inter-observer agreements were measured. Linear regression and Spearman's analyses were used for correlation with demographic data. Results CSA values were significantly higher in men (p < 0.001). Fat fraction was higher (22.53% vs. 14.35%) and HU lower (36.00 vs. 47.43) in women (p < 0.001). Intra- and inter-observer reliabilities of the two methods were greater than 0.8, except for CSA of L5/S1 on MRI; however, regarding quantitative analysis, decreasing HU and increasing fat fraction were correlated with increasing age, female gender and lower lumbar segment (p < 0.001). Conclusion MRI and CT can be reliably used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of paraspinal back muscles, regarding fat content. Fat fraction and HU showed highest reliabilities.</abstract><cop>LONDON</cop><pub>Springer Nature</pub><pmid>32590960</pmid><doi>10.1186/s12891-020-03432-w</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0896-4766</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0120-6564</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adiposity Adult Agreements Back pain Body mass index Computed tomography Cross-sectional area Fatty infiltration Female Gender Healthy Volunteers Humans Life Sciences & Biomedicine Linear Models Lumbosacral Region Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Medical imaging Medical screening Middle Aged MRI Muscle atrophy Muscles Muscular Atrophy - diagnosis Muscular Atrophy - diagnostic imaging Muscular Atrophy - pathology Muscular Atrophy - physiopathology Musculoskeletal diseases Orthopedics Paraspinal Muscles - diagnostic imaging Paraspinal Muscles - pathology Paraspinal Muscles - physiopathology Prospective Studies Qualitative research Quantitative analysis Regression analysis Rheumatology Sarcopenia Scanners Science & Technology Tomography, X-Ray Computed Two point Dixon Women Young Adult |
| title | Paraspinal back muscles in asymptomatic volunteers: quantitative and qualitative analysis using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
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