Interventions to improve nurses' job satisfaction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Aims To identify current best evidence on the types of interventions that have been developed to improve job satisfaction among nurses and on the effectiveness of these interventions. Design The systematic review is a quantitative systematic review and meta‐analysis following a profile‐likelihood random‐effects model. Data Sources CINAHL, Medic, and Pubmed (Medline). Review Methods PICOS eligibility criteria were used to select original studies published between 2003–2019. The articles were screened by title (N = 489), (N = 61), and full‐text (N = 47). A total of 20 articles remained after the full‐text screening process and further assess on risk of bias. The screening process was conducted by two authors independently and finally agreed together. A meta‐analysis was performed to determine how the identified interventions influence nurses' job satisfaction. Results The interventions were primarily educational and consisted of workshops, educational sessions, lessons, and training sessions. The postintervention differences between intervention and control groups in meta‐analysis revealed that two interventions significantly improved nurses' job satisfaction. Notably, the spiritual intelligence training protocol and Professional Identity Development Program were found to be effective in improving job satisfaction. Conclusion Healthcare organizations and managers should consider implementing effective interventions to improve nurses' job satisfaction and reduce turnover. The results reported in this study highlight that nurse managers should focus on organizational strategies that will foster the intrinsic motivation of employees. Impact The current nursing shortage and increased turnover intentions are proving to be a global problem. For this reason, it is imperative that nurse managers plan strategies to improve nurses´ job satisfaction. The effective interventions detected in this study are a first step for developing human resource strategies for healthcare organizations. These findings propose that extrinsic factors (e.g., salary and rewards) will never be as effective in maintaining job satisfaction as intrinsic factors (e.g., spiritual intelligence, professional identity, and awareness). 目的 识别提高护士工作满意度的介入治疗类型及其有效性的现有最佳证据。 设计 系统综述指的是遵循子集似然随机效应模型的定量系统综述与荟萃分析。 数据来源 CINAHL护理学数据库、Medic国际医疗器械展览会和Pubmed文献服务检索系统(Medline联机医学文献分析和检索系统)。 审查方法 采用PICOS合格标准用于甄选2003年至2019年期间发表的原创研究。按照标题(N=489)、摘要(N=61)和全文(N=47)对文章进行筛选。在完成全文筛选后,留下20篇文章,进一步评估偏倚风险。由两位作者独立进行筛选过程,并最终达成一致