Variations of broad emission lines from periodicity QSOs under the interpretation of supermassive binary black holes with misaligned circumbinary broad line regions
Quasars with periodic light curves are considered as candidates of supermassive binary black hole (BBH) systems. One way for further confirmations may be searching for other characteristic signatures, such as those in their broad emission lines (BELs), if any, which require a thorough understanding...
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description | Quasars with periodic light curves are considered as candidates of supermassive binary black hole (BBH) systems. One way for further confirmations may be searching for other characteristic signatures, such as those in their broad emission lines (BELs), if any, which require a thorough understanding on the response of BELs to the BBH systems. In Ji et al. (2021), we have investigated the response of circumbinary broad line region (BLR) to the central active secondary black hole under the relativistic Doppler boosting (BBH-DB) and intrinsic variation (BBH-IntDB) dominant mechanisms for continuum variation by assuming the middle plane of the BLR aligned with the BBH orbital plane. In this paper, we explore how the BEL profiles vary when the BLR is misaligned from the BBH orbital plane with different offset angles under both the BBH-DB and BBH-IntDB scenarios. Given a fixed inclination angle of the BBH orbital plane viewed in edge-on and similar continuum light curves produced by the two scenarios, increasing offset angles make the initial opening angle of the circumbinary BLR enlarged due to orbital precession caused by the BBH system, especially for clouds in the inner region, which result in Lorentz-like BEL profiles for the BBH-DB model but still Gaussion-like profiles for the BBH-IntDB model at the vertical BLR case. The amplitude of profile variations decreases with increasing offset angles for the BBH-DB scenario, while keeps nearly constant for the BBH-IntDB scenario, since the Doppler boosting effect is motion direction preferred but the intrinsic variation is radiated isotropically. If the circumbinary BLR is composed of a coplanar and a vertical components with their number of clouds following the mass ratio of the BBHs, then the bi-BLR features are more significant for the BBH-IntDB model that requires larger mass ratio to generate similar continuum variation than the BBH-DB model. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1088/1674-4527/21/9/219 |
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One way for further confirmations may be searching for other characteristic signatures, such as those in their broad emission lines (BELs), if any, which require a thorough understanding on the response of BELs to the BBH systems. In Ji et al. (2021), we have investigated the response of circumbinary broad line region (BLR) to the central active secondary black hole under the relativistic Doppler boosting (BBH-DB) and intrinsic variation (BBH-IntDB) dominant mechanisms for continuum variation by assuming the middle plane of the BLR aligned with the BBH orbital plane. In this paper, we explore how the BEL profiles vary when the BLR is misaligned from the BBH orbital plane with different offset angles under both the BBH-DB and BBH-IntDB scenarios. Given a fixed inclination angle of the BBH orbital plane viewed in edge-on and similar continuum light curves produced by the two scenarios, increasing offset angles make the initial opening angle of the circumbinary BLR enlarged due to orbital precession caused by the BBH system, especially for clouds in the inner region, which result in Lorentz-like BEL profiles for the BBH-DB model but still Gaussion-like profiles for the BBH-IntDB model at the vertical BLR case. The amplitude of profile variations decreases with increasing offset angles for the BBH-DB scenario, while keeps nearly constant for the BBH-IntDB scenario, since the Doppler boosting effect is motion direction preferred but the intrinsic variation is radiated isotropically. If the circumbinary BLR is composed of a coplanar and a vertical components with their number of clouds following the mass ratio of the BBHs, then the bi-BLR features are more significant for the BBH-IntDB model that requires larger mass ratio to generate similar continuum variation than the BBH-DB model.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1674-4527</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1088/1674-4527/21/9/219</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Beijing: National Astronomical Observatories, CAS and IOP Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>black hole physics ; Black holes ; Clouds ; Doppler effect ; Emission ; Emission lines ; emission lines-profiles ; Inclination angle ; Light curve ; Modelling ; Periodic variations ; Quasars ; supermassive black holes</subject><ispartof>Research in astronomy and astrophysics, 2021-11, Vol.21 (9), p.219-74</ispartof><rights>2021 National Astronomical Observatories, CAS and IOP Publishing Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright IOP Publishing Nov 2021</rights><rights>Copyright © Wanfang Data Co. Ltd. All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c297t-f2df3855a92d68b9974a33a9e410bbdc75b0a0b5fb001d284c1ca551a3fef7cc3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/images/PeriodicalImages/ttwlxb/ttwlxb.jpg</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1674-4527/21/9/219/pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Giop$$H</linktopdf><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,53846</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ji, Xiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ge, Jun-Qiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, You-Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yan, Chang-Shuo</creatorcontrib><title>Variations of broad emission lines from periodicity QSOs under the interpretation of supermassive binary black holes with misaligned circumbinary broad line regions</title><title>Research in astronomy and astrophysics</title><addtitle>Res. Astron. Astrophys</addtitle><description>Quasars with periodic light curves are considered as candidates of supermassive binary black hole (BBH) systems. One way for further confirmations may be searching for other characteristic signatures, such as those in their broad emission lines (BELs), if any, which require a thorough understanding on the response of BELs to the BBH systems. In Ji et al. (2021), we have investigated the response of circumbinary broad line region (BLR) to the central active secondary black hole under the relativistic Doppler boosting (BBH-DB) and intrinsic variation (BBH-IntDB) dominant mechanisms for continuum variation by assuming the middle plane of the BLR aligned with the BBH orbital plane. In this paper, we explore how the BEL profiles vary when the BLR is misaligned from the BBH orbital plane with different offset angles under both the BBH-DB and BBH-IntDB scenarios. Given a fixed inclination angle of the BBH orbital plane viewed in edge-on and similar continuum light curves produced by the two scenarios, increasing offset angles make the initial opening angle of the circumbinary BLR enlarged due to orbital precession caused by the BBH system, especially for clouds in the inner region, which result in Lorentz-like BEL profiles for the BBH-DB model but still Gaussion-like profiles for the BBH-IntDB model at the vertical BLR case. The amplitude of profile variations decreases with increasing offset angles for the BBH-DB scenario, while keeps nearly constant for the BBH-IntDB scenario, since the Doppler boosting effect is motion direction preferred but the intrinsic variation is radiated isotropically. If the circumbinary BLR is composed of a coplanar and a vertical components with their number of clouds following the mass ratio of the BBHs, then the bi-BLR features are more significant for the BBH-IntDB model that requires larger mass ratio to generate similar continuum variation than the BBH-DB model.</description><subject>black hole physics</subject><subject>Black holes</subject><subject>Clouds</subject><subject>Doppler effect</subject><subject>Emission</subject><subject>Emission lines</subject><subject>emission lines-profiles</subject><subject>Inclination angle</subject><subject>Light curve</subject><subject>Modelling</subject><subject>Periodic variations</subject><subject>Quasars</subject><subject>supermassive black holes</subject><issn>1674-4527</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kc1OxCAUhbvQRB19AVckLlzNDNDSlqUx_iUmxvizJUBhBm2hAnX0fXxQ6Yw6OzeX5OY751xysuwYwRmCdT1HZVVMC4KrOUZzmgbdyfb_lnvZQQgvEJaElHg_-3rm3vBonA3AaSC84w1QnQkhrUBrrApAe9eBXnnjGiNN_AT3D3cBDLZRHsSlAsZG5Xuv4tpntAlDwjueTN4VEMZy_wlEy-UrWLo2Oa5MXIIUwluzsKoB0ng5dL_g-oYxGni1GC87zHY1b4M6-nkn2dPlxeP59fT27urm_Ox2KjGt4lTjRuc1IZzipqwFpVXB85xTVSAoRCMrIiCHgmgBIWpwXUgkOSGI51rpSsp8kp1ufFfcam4X7MUN3qZEFuOq_RAYYgQphFUiTzZk793boELcophQlJcUFnWi8IaS3oXglWa9N136I0OQjV2xsRY21sIwYjQNmkSzjci4fuv6j-AbUOybrQ</recordid><startdate>20211101</startdate><enddate>20211101</enddate><creator>Ji, Xiang</creator><creator>Ge, Jun-Qiang</creator><creator>Lu, You-Jun</creator><creator>Yan, Chang-Shuo</creator><general>National Astronomical Observatories, CAS and IOP Publishing Ltd</general><general>IOP Publishing</general><general>CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Astrophysics,National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China</general><general>School of Astronomy and Space Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China%CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Astrophysics,National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>2B.</scope><scope>4A8</scope><scope>92I</scope><scope>93N</scope><scope>PSX</scope><scope>TCJ</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20211101</creationdate><title>Variations of broad emission lines from periodicity QSOs under the interpretation of supermassive binary black holes with misaligned circumbinary broad line regions</title><author>Ji, Xiang ; Ge, Jun-Qiang ; Lu, You-Jun ; Yan, Chang-Shuo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c297t-f2df3855a92d68b9974a33a9e410bbdc75b0a0b5fb001d284c1ca551a3fef7cc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>black hole physics</topic><topic>Black holes</topic><topic>Clouds</topic><topic>Doppler effect</topic><topic>Emission</topic><topic>Emission lines</topic><topic>emission lines-profiles</topic><topic>Inclination angle</topic><topic>Light curve</topic><topic>Modelling</topic><topic>Periodic variations</topic><topic>Quasars</topic><topic>supermassive black holes</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ji, Xiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ge, Jun-Qiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, You-Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yan, Chang-Shuo</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Wanfang Data Journals - Hong Kong</collection><collection>WANFANG Data Centre</collection><collection>Wanfang Data Journals</collection><collection>万方数据期刊 - 香港版</collection><collection>China Online Journals (COJ)</collection><collection>China Online Journals (COJ)</collection><jtitle>Research in astronomy and astrophysics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ji, Xiang</au><au>Ge, Jun-Qiang</au><au>Lu, You-Jun</au><au>Yan, Chang-Shuo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Variations of broad emission lines from periodicity QSOs under the interpretation of supermassive binary black holes with misaligned circumbinary broad line regions</atitle><jtitle>Research in astronomy and astrophysics</jtitle><addtitle>Res. Astron. Astrophys</addtitle><date>2021-11-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>21</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>219</spage><epage>74</epage><pages>219-74</pages><issn>1674-4527</issn><abstract>Quasars with periodic light curves are considered as candidates of supermassive binary black hole (BBH) systems. One way for further confirmations may be searching for other characteristic signatures, such as those in their broad emission lines (BELs), if any, which require a thorough understanding on the response of BELs to the BBH systems. In Ji et al. (2021), we have investigated the response of circumbinary broad line region (BLR) to the central active secondary black hole under the relativistic Doppler boosting (BBH-DB) and intrinsic variation (BBH-IntDB) dominant mechanisms for continuum variation by assuming the middle plane of the BLR aligned with the BBH orbital plane. In this paper, we explore how the BEL profiles vary when the BLR is misaligned from the BBH orbital plane with different offset angles under both the BBH-DB and BBH-IntDB scenarios. Given a fixed inclination angle of the BBH orbital plane viewed in edge-on and similar continuum light curves produced by the two scenarios, increasing offset angles make the initial opening angle of the circumbinary BLR enlarged due to orbital precession caused by the BBH system, especially for clouds in the inner region, which result in Lorentz-like BEL profiles for the BBH-DB model but still Gaussion-like profiles for the BBH-IntDB model at the vertical BLR case. The amplitude of profile variations decreases with increasing offset angles for the BBH-DB scenario, while keeps nearly constant for the BBH-IntDB scenario, since the Doppler boosting effect is motion direction preferred but the intrinsic variation is radiated isotropically. If the circumbinary BLR is composed of a coplanar and a vertical components with their number of clouds following the mass ratio of the BBHs, then the bi-BLR features are more significant for the BBH-IntDB model that requires larger mass ratio to generate similar continuum variation than the BBH-DB model.</abstract><cop>Beijing</cop><pub>National Astronomical Observatories, CAS and IOP Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1088/1674-4527/21/9/219</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | black hole physics Black holes Clouds Doppler effect Emission Emission lines emission lines-profiles Inclination angle Light curve Modelling Periodic variations Quasars supermassive black holes |
title | Variations of broad emission lines from periodicity QSOs under the interpretation of supermassive binary black holes with misaligned circumbinary broad line regions |
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