Improving the off-resonance energy harvesting performance using dynamic magnetic preloading
Piezoelectric stack transducers in d 33 mode have a much higher mechanical-to-electric energy conversion efficiency compared with d 31 mode piezoelectric harvesters. However, multilayered piezoelectric stacks usually operate in off-resonance due to the higher stiffness and thereby have a lower power...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Acta mechanica Sinica 2020-06, Vol.36 (3), p.624-634 |
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| creator | Qian, Feng Zhou, Shengxi Zuo, Lei |
| description | Piezoelectric stack transducers in
d
33
mode have a much higher mechanical-to-electric energy conversion efficiency compared with
d
31
mode piezoelectric harvesters. However, multilayered piezoelectric stacks usually operate in off-resonance due to the higher stiffness and thereby have a lower power output under low-frequency excitations. This paper proposes to apply the dynamic magnetic pre-loading to a piezoelectric stack transducer to significantly increase the power output. The energy harvesting system consists of a multilayered piezoelectric stack with a compliant force amplification frame, a proof mass, and two magnets configured in attraction. The static force–displacement relationship of the magnets is identified from experiments and extended to a dynamic model capable of characterizing the dynamic magnetic interaction. An electromechanical model is developed based on the theoretical derivation and the experimentally identified parameters to predict the voltage outputs under different resistive loads. Approximate analytical solutions are derived by using the harmonic balance method and show good agreements with the numerical and experimental results. The performance of the system is examined and compared with that of the harvester without magnetic pre-loading. The influences of the distance between the two magnets and the electrical resistive loads on the power output are investigated. Results indicate the energy harvesting system with magnetic pre-loading can produce over thousand times more power than the system without magnetic pre-loading at the base excitation of 3 Hz and 0.5 m/s
2
, far below the resonance at 243 Hz |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10409-020-00929-4 |
| format | Article |
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d
33
mode have a much higher mechanical-to-electric energy conversion efficiency compared with
d
31
mode piezoelectric harvesters. However, multilayered piezoelectric stacks usually operate in off-resonance due to the higher stiffness and thereby have a lower power output under low-frequency excitations. This paper proposes to apply the dynamic magnetic pre-loading to a piezoelectric stack transducer to significantly increase the power output. The energy harvesting system consists of a multilayered piezoelectric stack with a compliant force amplification frame, a proof mass, and two magnets configured in attraction. The static force–displacement relationship of the magnets is identified from experiments and extended to a dynamic model capable of characterizing the dynamic magnetic interaction. An electromechanical model is developed based on the theoretical derivation and the experimentally identified parameters to predict the voltage outputs under different resistive loads. Approximate analytical solutions are derived by using the harmonic balance method and show good agreements with the numerical and experimental results. The performance of the system is examined and compared with that of the harvester without magnetic pre-loading. The influences of the distance between the two magnets and the electrical resistive loads on the power output are investigated. Results indicate the energy harvesting system with magnetic pre-loading can produce over thousand times more power than the system without magnetic pre-loading at the base excitation of 3 Hz and 0.5 m/s
2
, far below the resonance at 243 Hz</description><edition>English ed.</edition><identifier>ISSN: 0567-7718</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-3116</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10409-020-00929-4</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Beijing: The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences</publisher><subject>Classical and Continuum Physics ; Computational Intelligence ; Dynamic models ; Energy conversion efficiency ; Energy harvesting ; Engineering ; Engineering Fluid Dynamics ; Exact solutions ; Excitation ; Harmonic balance method ; Harvesters ; Magnets ; Parameter identification ; Piezoelectricity ; Research Paper ; Resonance ; Stiffness ; Theoretical and Applied Mechanics ; Transducers</subject><ispartof>Acta mechanica Sinica, 2020-06, Vol.36 (3), p.624-634</ispartof><rights>The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020</rights><rights>The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020.</rights><rights>Copyright © Wanfang Data Co. Ltd. All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-c0aa11f04ae68d221227e33523f6463a3c5544bf512b265a3d024eb6bf4686143</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-c0aa11f04ae68d221227e33523f6463a3c5544bf512b265a3d024eb6bf4686143</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/images/PeriodicalImages/lxxb-e/lxxb-e.jpg</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10409-020-00929-4$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10409-020-00929-4$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Qian, Feng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Shengxi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zuo, Lei</creatorcontrib><title>Improving the off-resonance energy harvesting performance using dynamic magnetic preloading</title><title>Acta mechanica Sinica</title><addtitle>Acta Mech. Sin</addtitle><description>Piezoelectric stack transducers in
d
33
mode have a much higher mechanical-to-electric energy conversion efficiency compared with
d
31
mode piezoelectric harvesters. However, multilayered piezoelectric stacks usually operate in off-resonance due to the higher stiffness and thereby have a lower power output under low-frequency excitations. This paper proposes to apply the dynamic magnetic pre-loading to a piezoelectric stack transducer to significantly increase the power output. The energy harvesting system consists of a multilayered piezoelectric stack with a compliant force amplification frame, a proof mass, and two magnets configured in attraction. The static force–displacement relationship of the magnets is identified from experiments and extended to a dynamic model capable of characterizing the dynamic magnetic interaction. An electromechanical model is developed based on the theoretical derivation and the experimentally identified parameters to predict the voltage outputs under different resistive loads. Approximate analytical solutions are derived by using the harmonic balance method and show good agreements with the numerical and experimental results. The performance of the system is examined and compared with that of the harvester without magnetic pre-loading. The influences of the distance between the two magnets and the electrical resistive loads on the power output are investigated. Results indicate the energy harvesting system with magnetic pre-loading can produce over thousand times more power than the system without magnetic pre-loading at the base excitation of 3 Hz and 0.5 m/s
2
, far below the resonance at 243 Hz</description><subject>Classical and Continuum Physics</subject><subject>Computational Intelligence</subject><subject>Dynamic models</subject><subject>Energy conversion efficiency</subject><subject>Energy harvesting</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Engineering Fluid Dynamics</subject><subject>Exact solutions</subject><subject>Excitation</subject><subject>Harmonic balance method</subject><subject>Harvesters</subject><subject>Magnets</subject><subject>Parameter identification</subject><subject>Piezoelectricity</subject><subject>Research Paper</subject><subject>Resonance</subject><subject>Stiffness</subject><subject>Theoretical and Applied Mechanics</subject><subject>Transducers</subject><issn>0567-7718</issn><issn>1614-3116</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kD9PwzAQxS0EEqXwBZgiMTAZ7mzHSUZU8adSJRaYGCwntdNWjRPstLTfHrdB6sZ01t3v3vk9Qm4RHhAgewwIAgoKDChAwQoqzsgIJQrKEeU5GUEqM5plmF-SqxBWAFxihiPyNW06326Xrk76hUlaa6k3oXXaVSYxzvh6nyy035rQH5jOeNv65jjdhENnvne6WVZJo2tn-vjovFm3eh5n1-TC6nUwN391TD5fnj8mb3T2_jqdPM1oxVPsaQVaI1oQ2sh8zhgylhnOU8atFJJrXqWpEKVNkZVMpprPgQlTytIKmUeLfEzuB90f7ax2tVq1G-_iRbXe7UplWIwFeIwpkncDGT1_b6KnE8oEExhvF3mk2EBVvg3BG6s6v2y03ysEdYhbDXGrqKuOcavDJ_iwFCLsauNP0v9s_QJDiYJV</recordid><startdate>20200601</startdate><enddate>20200601</enddate><creator>Qian, Feng</creator><creator>Zhou, Shengxi</creator><creator>Zuo, Lei</creator><general>The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><general>School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China</general><general>Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech,Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA%Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech,Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>2B.</scope><scope>4A8</scope><scope>92I</scope><scope>93N</scope><scope>PSX</scope><scope>TCJ</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20200601</creationdate><title>Improving the off-resonance energy harvesting performance using dynamic magnetic preloading</title><author>Qian, Feng ; Zhou, Shengxi ; Zuo, Lei</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-c0aa11f04ae68d221227e33523f6463a3c5544bf512b265a3d024eb6bf4686143</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Classical and Continuum Physics</topic><topic>Computational Intelligence</topic><topic>Dynamic models</topic><topic>Energy conversion efficiency</topic><topic>Energy harvesting</topic><topic>Engineering</topic><topic>Engineering Fluid Dynamics</topic><topic>Exact solutions</topic><topic>Excitation</topic><topic>Harmonic balance method</topic><topic>Harvesters</topic><topic>Magnets</topic><topic>Parameter identification</topic><topic>Piezoelectricity</topic><topic>Research Paper</topic><topic>Resonance</topic><topic>Stiffness</topic><topic>Theoretical and Applied Mechanics</topic><topic>Transducers</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Qian, Feng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Shengxi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zuo, Lei</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Wanfang Data Journals - Hong Kong</collection><collection>WANFANG Data Centre</collection><collection>Wanfang Data Journals</collection><collection>万方数据期刊 - 香港版</collection><collection>China Online Journals (COJ)</collection><collection>China Online Journals (COJ)</collection><jtitle>Acta mechanica Sinica</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Qian, Feng</au><au>Zhou, Shengxi</au><au>Zuo, Lei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Improving the off-resonance energy harvesting performance using dynamic magnetic preloading</atitle><jtitle>Acta mechanica Sinica</jtitle><stitle>Acta Mech. Sin</stitle><date>2020-06-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>36</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>624</spage><epage>634</epage><pages>624-634</pages><issn>0567-7718</issn><eissn>1614-3116</eissn><abstract>Piezoelectric stack transducers in
d
33
mode have a much higher mechanical-to-electric energy conversion efficiency compared with
d
31
mode piezoelectric harvesters. However, multilayered piezoelectric stacks usually operate in off-resonance due to the higher stiffness and thereby have a lower power output under low-frequency excitations. This paper proposes to apply the dynamic magnetic pre-loading to a piezoelectric stack transducer to significantly increase the power output. The energy harvesting system consists of a multilayered piezoelectric stack with a compliant force amplification frame, a proof mass, and two magnets configured in attraction. The static force–displacement relationship of the magnets is identified from experiments and extended to a dynamic model capable of characterizing the dynamic magnetic interaction. An electromechanical model is developed based on the theoretical derivation and the experimentally identified parameters to predict the voltage outputs under different resistive loads. Approximate analytical solutions are derived by using the harmonic balance method and show good agreements with the numerical and experimental results. The performance of the system is examined and compared with that of the harvester without magnetic pre-loading. The influences of the distance between the two magnets and the electrical resistive loads on the power output are investigated. Results indicate the energy harvesting system with magnetic pre-loading can produce over thousand times more power than the system without magnetic pre-loading at the base excitation of 3 Hz and 0.5 m/s
2
, far below the resonance at 243 Hz</abstract><cop>Beijing</cop><pub>The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences</pub><doi>10.1007/s10409-020-00929-4</doi><tpages>11</tpages><edition>English ed.</edition></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Acta mechanica Sinica, 2020-06, Vol.36 (3), p.624-634 |
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| language | eng |
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| subjects | Classical and Continuum Physics Computational Intelligence Dynamic models Energy conversion efficiency Energy harvesting Engineering Engineering Fluid Dynamics Exact solutions Excitation Harmonic balance method Harvesters Magnets Parameter identification Piezoelectricity Research Paper Resonance Stiffness Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Transducers |
| title | Improving the off-resonance energy harvesting performance using dynamic magnetic preloading |
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