Numerical Simulation of a Courtyard under Different Ground Thermal Conditions and Flow Patterns

The impact of thermal conditions of the ground on ventilation in the interior courtyard and rooms of enclosed building is very important to improve the air quality in courtyard. The computational fluid dynamics（ CFD） model was used to investigate the flow field of a certain courtyard and analyze the static differential pressure between the two sides of the vent and ventilation conditions of the courtyard. The results indicate that thermal effects not only changed the air flow pattern of the interior courtyard but also obviously increased the flow velocity of the upper space of the courtyard. For the most of courtyard rooms,the absolute value of static differential pressure increases as the thermal intensity of the ground increases. In all wind directions,the air exchange rate of the courtyard increases with the higher thermal intensity of the ground which makes a greater influence on the increasing of the ventilation rate of the roof opening than that on the gate opening.