Microwave sintering effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti–51at%Ni shape memory alloys

Ti–51at%Ni shape memory alloys(SMAs) were successfully produced via a powder metallurgy and microwave sintering technique.The influence of sintering parameters on porosity reduction,microstructure,phase transformation temperatures,and mechanical properties were investigated by optical microscopy,fie...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of minerals, metallurgy and materials metallurgy and materials, 2017-03, Vol.24 (3), p.280-288
Hauptverfasser: Ibrahim, Mustafa K., Hamzah, E., Saud, Safaa N., Abu Bakar, E. N. E., Bahador, A.
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container_title International journal of minerals, metallurgy and materials
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creator Ibrahim, Mustafa K.
Hamzah, E.
Saud, Safaa N.
Abu Bakar, E. N. E.
Bahador, A.
description Ti–51at%Ni shape memory alloys(SMAs) were successfully produced via a powder metallurgy and microwave sintering technique.The influence of sintering parameters on porosity reduction,microstructure,phase transformation temperatures,and mechanical properties were investigated by optical microscopy,field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),compression tests,and microhardness tests.Varying the microwave temperature and holding time was found to strongly affect the density of porosity,presence of precipitates,transformation temperatures,and mechanical properties.The lowest density and smallest pore size were observed in the Ti–51at%Ni samples sintered at 900°C for 5 min or at 900°C for 30 min.The predominant martensite phases of β2 and β19′ were observed in the microstructure of Ti–51at%Ni,and their existence varied in accordance with the sintering temperature and the holding time.In the DSC thermograms,multi-transformation peaks were observed during heating,whereas a single peak was observed during cooling;these peaks correspond to the presence of the β2,R,and β19′ phases.The maximum strength and strain among the Ti–51at%Ni SMAs were 1376 MPa and 29%,respectively,for the sample sintered at 900°C for 30 min because of this sample’s minimal porosity.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s12613-017-1406-5
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N. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bahador, A.</creatorcontrib><title>Microwave sintering effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti–51at%Ni shape memory alloys</title><title>International journal of minerals, metallurgy and materials</title><addtitle>Int J Miner Metall Mater</addtitle><addtitle>International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials</addtitle><description>Ti–51at%Ni shape memory alloys(SMAs) were successfully produced via a powder metallurgy and microwave sintering technique.The influence of sintering parameters on porosity reduction,microstructure,phase transformation temperatures,and mechanical properties were investigated by optical microscopy,field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),compression tests,and microhardness tests.Varying the microwave temperature and holding time was found to strongly affect the density of porosity,presence of precipitates,transformation temperatures,and mechanical properties.The lowest density and smallest pore size were observed in the Ti–51at%Ni samples sintered at 900°C for 5 min or at 900°C for 30 min.The predominant martensite phases of β2 and β19′ were observed in the microstructure of Ti–51at%Ni,and their existence varied in accordance with the sintering temperature and the holding time.In the DSC thermograms,multi-transformation peaks were observed during heating,whereas a single peak was observed during cooling;these peaks correspond to the presence of the β2,R,and β19′ phases.The maximum strength and strain among the Ti–51at%Ni SMAs were 1376 MPa and 29%,respectively,for the sample sintered at 900°C for 30 min because of this sample’s minimal porosity.</description><subject>Alloys</subject><subject>Calorimetry</subject><subject>Ceramics</subject><subject>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Composites</subject><subject>Compression tests</subject><subject>Corrosion and Coatings</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Differential scanning calorimetry</subject><subject>Emission analysis</subject><subject>Glass</subject><subject>Light microscopy</subject><subject>Martensite</subject><subject>Martensitic transformations</subject><subject>Materials Science</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Metallic Materials</subject><subject>Metallurgy</subject><subject>Microhardness</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Microstructure</subject><subject>Microwave sintering</subject><subject>Natural Materials</subject><subject>Optical microscopy</subject><subject>Optical properties</subject><subject>Pore size</subject><subject>Porosity</subject><subject>Powder metallurgy</subject><subject>Precipitates</subject><subject>Shape memory alloys</subject><subject>Sintering</subject><subject>Sintering (powder metallurgy)</subject><subject>Surfaces and Interfaces</subject><subject>Thin Films</subject><subject>Transformation temperature</subject><subject>Tribology</subject><subject>X-ray diffraction</subject><issn>1674-4799</issn><issn>1869-103X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1uFDEQhVsIJELgAOwsIVaowdX-X6IIEqQAmyCxszzu8kwPM-6O7SGZHXfIDTkJbnVEdlm5LH3vleq9pnkN9D1Qqj5k6CSwloJqgVPZiifNCWhpWqDs59M6S8Vbrox53rzIeUupVIqqk2b8Ovg03rjfSPIQC6YhrgmGgL5kMkZSNkj2M5JLOvhySEhc7Mke_cbFwbsdmdI4YSoDVj6Qq-HvnzsBrrz9NpC8cVOV435MR-J2u_GYXzbPgttlfHX_njY_Pn-6OrtoL7-ffzn7eNl6ZmRpA_UsGCVWsjfSM24YQJAOOiP6FUcjpGJcKCo89h3XoJmg9e89U6xDzdhp827xvXExuLi22_GQYt1oV9tf2_72dmWxq2lRVtOr9JuFrsdcHzCXB7wzYLimupspWKg5jpww2CkNe5eOFqidW7BLC7b62rkFK6qmWzR5mqPF9OD8mIjdL9qMcX1ddf83ydqjEtrUczU3QnAtoE5aCPYPJNeZ4A</recordid><startdate>20170301</startdate><enddate>20170301</enddate><creator>Ibrahim, Mustafa K.</creator><creator>Hamzah, E.</creator><creator>Saud, Safaa N.</creator><creator>Abu Bakar, E. 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N. E.</au><au>Bahador, A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Microwave sintering effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti–51at%Ni shape memory alloys</atitle><jtitle>International journal of minerals, metallurgy and materials</jtitle><stitle>Int J Miner Metall Mater</stitle><addtitle>International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials</addtitle><date>2017-03-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>280</spage><epage>288</epage><pages>280-288</pages><issn>1674-4799</issn><eissn>1869-103X</eissn><abstract>Ti–51at%Ni shape memory alloys(SMAs) were successfully produced via a powder metallurgy and microwave sintering technique.The influence of sintering parameters on porosity reduction,microstructure,phase transformation temperatures,and mechanical properties were investigated by optical microscopy,field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),compression tests,and microhardness tests.Varying the microwave temperature and holding time was found to strongly affect the density of porosity,presence of precipitates,transformation temperatures,and mechanical properties.The lowest density and smallest pore size were observed in the Ti–51at%Ni samples sintered at 900°C for 5 min or at 900°C for 30 min.The predominant martensite phases of β2 and β19′ were observed in the microstructure of Ti–51at%Ni,and their existence varied in accordance with the sintering temperature and the holding time.In the DSC thermograms,multi-transformation peaks were observed during heating,whereas a single peak was observed during cooling;these peaks correspond to the presence of the β2,R,and β19′ phases.The maximum strength and strain among the Ti–51at%Ni SMAs were 1376 MPa and 29%,respectively,for the sample sintered at 900°C for 30 min because of this sample’s minimal porosity.</abstract><cop>Beijing</cop><pub>University of Science and Technology Beijing</pub><doi>10.1007/s12613-017-1406-5</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record>
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ispartof International journal of minerals, metallurgy and materials, 2017-03, Vol.24 (3), p.280-288
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1869-103X
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source Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection; ProQuest Central
subjects Alloys
Calorimetry
Ceramics
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry and Materials Science
Composites
Compression tests
Corrosion and Coatings
Density
Differential scanning calorimetry
Emission analysis
Glass
Light microscopy
Martensite
Martensitic transformations
Materials Science
Mechanical properties
Metallic Materials
Metallurgy
Microhardness
Microscopy
Microstructure
Microwave sintering
Natural Materials
Optical microscopy
Optical properties
Pore size
Porosity
Powder metallurgy
Precipitates
Shape memory alloys
Sintering
Sintering (powder metallurgy)
Surfaces and Interfaces
Thin Films
Transformation temperature
Tribology
X-ray diffraction
title Microwave sintering effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti–51at%Ni shape memory alloys
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