Effect of sintering temperature on the electrolysis of TiO2
The effects of sintering temperature on the microstructure and the conductivity of TiO2 cathodes were studied by examining the phase composition, microstructure, and element contents of the sintered cathodes and the cathodic products using X-ray diffraction and scan- ning electronic microscopy-energ...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of minerals, metallurgy and materials metallurgy and materials, 2012-07, Vol.19 (7), p.636-641 |
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| creator | Li, Ze-quan Ru, Li-yue Bai, Cheng-guang Zhang, Na Wang, Hai-hua |
| description | The effects of sintering temperature on the microstructure and the conductivity of TiO2 cathodes were studied by examining the phase composition, microstructure, and element contents of the sintered cathodes and the cathodic products using X-ray diffraction and scan- ning electronic microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry. The oxygen vacancy, conductivity, average pore diameter, and specific surface area of the sintered cathodes were detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, four-point probe, and ASPA 2010. The results showed that TiO2 phase transformations occurred, and oxygen vacancies formed with the increase of sintering temperature. The cathodic conductivity improved, but the average pore diameter and the effective response area of the TiO2 cathode were reduced when the sintering temperature in- creased. These phenomena could weaken the contact between reaction ions and electrons and also had the same effect on the cathodes and the molten salt. Moreover, they were disadvantageous to ion migration, so a lower sintering temperature was favorable for the microstructure of electrolysis. Consequently, the cathodic conductivity may be improved, but the microstrucatre became compact with the increase of sin- tering temperature. The cathodic products at different temperatures indicated that the cathodic conductivity was more important for electroly- sis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12613-012-0606-2 |
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The oxygen vacancy, conductivity, average pore diameter, and specific surface area of the sintered cathodes were detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, four-point probe, and ASPA 2010. The results showed that TiO2 phase transformations occurred, and oxygen vacancies formed with the increase of sintering temperature. The cathodic conductivity improved, but the average pore diameter and the effective response area of the TiO2 cathode were reduced when the sintering temperature in- creased. These phenomena could weaken the contact between reaction ions and electrons and also had the same effect on the cathodes and the molten salt. Moreover, they were disadvantageous to ion migration, so a lower sintering temperature was favorable for the microstructure of electrolysis. Consequently, the cathodic conductivity may be improved, but the microstrucatre became compact with the increase of sin- tering temperature. The cathodic products at different temperatures indicated that the cathodic conductivity was more important for electroly- sis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1674-4799</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1869-103X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12613-012-0606-2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Springer Berlin Heidelberg: University of Science and Technology Beijing</publisher><subject>Cathodes ; Ceramics ; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Composites ; Conductivity ; Corrosion and Coatings ; Electrolysis ; Glass ; Ion migration ; Lattice vacancies ; Materials Science ; Metallic Materials ; Microstructure ; Molten salts ; Natural Materials ; Oxygen ; Phase composition ; Phase transitions ; Photoelectrons ; Sintering ; Sintering (powder metallurgy) ; Spectrometry ; Surfaces and Interfaces ; Temperature ; Thin Films ; Titanium dioxide ; Tribology ; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy ; X-ray diffraction ; X-rays ; 二氧化钛 ; 光电子能谱法 ; 平均孔径 ; 微观结构 ; 比表面积 ; 烧结温度 ; 电子显微镜 ; 电解质</subject><ispartof>International journal of minerals, metallurgy and materials, 2012-07, Vol.19 (7), p.636-641</ispartof><rights>University of Science and Technology Beijing and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012</rights><rights>University of Science and Technology Beijing and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012.</rights><rights>Copyright © Wanfang Data Co. 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The oxygen vacancy, conductivity, average pore diameter, and specific surface area of the sintered cathodes were detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, four-point probe, and ASPA 2010. The results showed that TiO2 phase transformations occurred, and oxygen vacancies formed with the increase of sintering temperature. The cathodic conductivity improved, but the average pore diameter and the effective response area of the TiO2 cathode were reduced when the sintering temperature in- creased. These phenomena could weaken the contact between reaction ions and electrons and also had the same effect on the cathodes and the molten salt. Moreover, they were disadvantageous to ion migration, so a lower sintering temperature was favorable for the microstructure of electrolysis. Consequently, the cathodic conductivity may be improved, but the microstrucatre became compact with the increase of sin- tering temperature. The cathodic products at different temperatures indicated that the cathodic conductivity was more important for electroly- sis.</description><subject>Cathodes</subject><subject>Ceramics</subject><subject>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Composites</subject><subject>Conductivity</subject><subject>Corrosion and Coatings</subject><subject>Electrolysis</subject><subject>Glass</subject><subject>Ion migration</subject><subject>Lattice vacancies</subject><subject>Materials Science</subject><subject>Metallic Materials</subject><subject>Microstructure</subject><subject>Molten salts</subject><subject>Natural Materials</subject><subject>Oxygen</subject><subject>Phase composition</subject><subject>Phase transitions</subject><subject>Photoelectrons</subject><subject>Sintering</subject><subject>Sintering (powder metallurgy)</subject><subject>Spectrometry</subject><subject>Surfaces and Interfaces</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Thin Films</subject><subject>Titanium dioxide</subject><subject>Tribology</subject><subject>X ray photoelectron spectroscopy</subject><subject>X-ray diffraction</subject><subject>X-rays</subject><subject>二氧化钛</subject><subject>光电子能谱法</subject><subject>平均孔径</subject><subject>微观结构</subject><subject>比表面积</subject><subject>烧结温度</subject><subject>电子显微镜</subject><subject>电解质</subject><issn>1674-4799</issn><issn>1869-103X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE9LAzEQxYMoqNUP4G3FiyCrk0k22eBJxH8geFHwFtJsUrdud9tki-23N2WlggdPM4ffe2_mEXJC4ZICyKtIUVCWA8UcBIgcd8gBLYXKKbD33bQLyXMuldonhzFOAYSUIA_I9Z33zvZZ57NYt70LdTvJejebu2D6ZXBZ12b9h8tck6jQNetYxw38Wr_gEdnzponu-GeOyNv93evtY_788vB0e_OcW8Zpn3vlLS88lsaWWBk2LrBUylTKI1XAxtKX0lXoJasqQAHWYmE9V7YQniYtG5GLwffLtN60Ez3tlqFNiXo8_ZxWq9VYO0yfg4T07YicD_Q8dIuli72e1dG6pjGt65ZRUygREYRgCT37g26dUSEg45IViaIDZUMXY3Bez0M9M2GdrPSmfD2Ur9MJelO-xqTBQRPnm0Zd-HX-T3T6E_TRtZNF0m2TOC850oKxb-nIkJg</recordid><startdate>20120701</startdate><enddate>20120701</enddate><creator>Li, Ze-quan</creator><creator>Ru, Li-yue</creator><creator>Bai, Cheng-guang</creator><creator>Zhang, Na</creator><creator>Wang, Hai-hua</creator><general>University of Science and Technology Beijing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><general>College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China%College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China%College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China</general><general>College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China</general><scope>2RA</scope><scope>92L</scope><scope>CQIGP</scope><scope>W92</scope><scope>~WA</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>2B.</scope><scope>4A8</scope><scope>92I</scope><scope>93N</scope><scope>PSX</scope><scope>TCJ</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120701</creationdate><title>Effect of sintering temperature on the electrolysis of TiO2</title><author>Li, Ze-quan ; 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The oxygen vacancy, conductivity, average pore diameter, and specific surface area of the sintered cathodes were detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, four-point probe, and ASPA 2010. The results showed that TiO2 phase transformations occurred, and oxygen vacancies formed with the increase of sintering temperature. The cathodic conductivity improved, but the average pore diameter and the effective response area of the TiO2 cathode were reduced when the sintering temperature in- creased. These phenomena could weaken the contact between reaction ions and electrons and also had the same effect on the cathodes and the molten salt. Moreover, they were disadvantageous to ion migration, so a lower sintering temperature was favorable for the microstructure of electrolysis. Consequently, the cathodic conductivity may be improved, but the microstrucatre became compact with the increase of sin- tering temperature. The cathodic products at different temperatures indicated that the cathodic conductivity was more important for electroly- sis.</abstract><cop>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</cop><pub>University of Science and Technology Beijing</pub><doi>10.1007/s12613-012-0606-2</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1674-4799 |
| ispartof | International journal of minerals, metallurgy and materials, 2012-07, Vol.19 (7), p.636-641 |
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| subjects | Cathodes Ceramics Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Chemistry and Materials Science Composites Conductivity Corrosion and Coatings Electrolysis Glass Ion migration Lattice vacancies Materials Science Metallic Materials Microstructure Molten salts Natural Materials Oxygen Phase composition Phase transitions Photoelectrons Sintering Sintering (powder metallurgy) Spectrometry Surfaces and Interfaces Temperature Thin Films Titanium dioxide Tribology X ray photoelectron spectroscopy X-ray diffraction X-rays 二氧化钛 光电子能谱法 平均孔径 微观结构 比表面积 烧结温度 电子显微镜 电解质 |
| title | Effect of sintering temperature on the electrolysis of TiO2 |
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