Oak wood drying: precipitation of crystalline ellagic acid leads to discoloration

Oak heartwood usually darkens during and after drying. This darkening can be heterogeneous, leaving non-colored areas in the wood board. These light discolorations have been linked to heterogeneous distribution of tannins, but compelling evidence on the microscale is lacking. In this study Raman and...

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Veröffentlicht in:Holzforschung 2021-08, Vol.75 (8), p.712-720
Hauptverfasser: Felhofer, Martin, Bock, Peter, Xiao, Nannan, Preimesberger, Christoph, Lindemann, Martin, Hansmann, Christian, Gierlinger, Notburga
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container_issue 8
container_start_page 712
container_title Holzforschung
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creator Felhofer, Martin
Bock, Peter
Xiao, Nannan
Preimesberger, Christoph
Lindemann, Martin
Hansmann, Christian
Gierlinger, Notburga
description Oak heartwood usually darkens during and after drying. This darkening can be heterogeneous, leaving non-colored areas in the wood board. These light discolorations have been linked to heterogeneous distribution of tannins, but compelling evidence on the microscale is lacking. In this study Raman and fluorescence microscopy revealed precipitations of crystalline ellagic acid, especially in the ray cells but also in lumina, cell corners and cell walls in the non-colored areas (NCA), which also had higher density. In these denser areas free water is longer present during drying and leads to accumulation of hydrolyzed tannins. When eventually falling dry, these tannins precipitate irreversible as non-colored ellagic acid and are not available for chemical reactions leading to darkening of the wood. Therefore, pronounced density fluctuations in wood boards require adjusting the drying and processing parameters so that water domains and ellagic acid precipitations are avoided during drying.
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This darkening can be heterogeneous, leaving non-colored areas in the wood board. These light discolorations have been linked to heterogeneous distribution of tannins, but compelling evidence on the microscale is lacking. In this study Raman and fluorescence microscopy revealed precipitations of crystalline ellagic acid, especially in the ray cells but also in lumina, cell corners and cell walls in the non-colored areas (NCA), which also had higher density. In these denser areas free water is longer present during drying and leads to accumulation of hydrolyzed tannins. When eventually falling dry, these tannins precipitate irreversible as non-colored ellagic acid and are not available for chemical reactions leading to darkening of the wood. 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subjects Acids
Cell walls
Chemical reactions
Crystal structure
Crystallinity
Darkening
Density
Discoloration
Drying
Ellagic acid
ellagitannins
Fluorescence
Fluorescence microscopy
Forestry
L.
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Materials Science
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
oak
Process parameters
Raman imaging
Science & Technology
Tannins
Technology
Wood
title Oak wood drying: precipitation of crystalline ellagic acid leads to discoloration
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