Occupational Self‐Direction, Intellectual Functioning, and Self‐Directed Orientation in Older Workers: Findings and Implications for Individuals and Societies1

Using data from 1994–95 third‐wave interviews, this study tests whether Kohn and Schooler’s findings (based on 1964 and 1974 interviews) that self‐directed occupational conditions increase intellectual functioning and self‐directed orientations hold when the respondents are 20 years older. Results c...

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