Awakening from sleep
Awakening is a crucial event for the organism. The transition from sleep to waking implies physiological processes which lead to a new behavioural state. Spontaneous awakenings have varying features which may change as a function of several factors. The latter include intrasleep architecture, circad...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Sleep medicine reviews 2002-08, Vol.6 (4), p.267-286 |
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| container_title | Sleep medicine reviews |
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| creator | Åkerstedt, Torbjorn Billiard, Michel Bonnet, Michael Ficca, Gianluca Garma, Lucile Mariotti, Maurizio Salzarulo, Piero Schulz, Hartmut |
| description | Awakening is a crucial event for the organism. The transition from sleep to waking implies physiological processes which lead to a new behavioural state. Spontaneous awakenings have varying features which may change as a function of several factors. The latter include intrasleep architecture, circadian phase, time awake, age, or disordered sleep. Despite its clear theoretical and clinical importance, the topic of awakening (in humans) has received little attention so far. This contribution focuses on major issues which relate to awakening from both basic (experimental) and clinical research. Recent knowledge on neurophysiological mechanisms is reported. The experimental data which provide in the human suggestions on the regulation of awakening are discussed, mainly those concerning sleep architecture and homeostatic/circadian factors also in a life-span perspective, since age is a powerful factor which may influence awakening. Clinical contributions will examine two main sleep disorders: insomnia and hypersomnia. Daytime functioning is shown in insomniac patients and compared to other pathologies like sleep apnea. A final section evokes links between some types of night waking and psychological factors. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1053/smrv.2001.0202 |
| format | Article |
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The transition from sleep to waking implies physiological processes which lead to a new behavioural state. Spontaneous awakenings have varying features which may change as a function of several factors. The latter include intrasleep architecture, circadian phase, time awake, age, or disordered sleep. Despite its clear theoretical and clinical importance, the topic of awakening (in humans) has received little attention so far. This contribution focuses on major issues which relate to awakening from both basic (experimental) and clinical research. Recent knowledge on neurophysiological mechanisms is reported. The experimental data which provide in the human suggestions on the regulation of awakening are discussed, mainly those concerning sleep architecture and homeostatic/circadian factors also in a life-span perspective, since age is a powerful factor which may influence awakening. Clinical contributions will examine two main sleep disorders: insomnia and hypersomnia. Daytime functioning is shown in insomniac patients and compared to other pathologies like sleep apnea. 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The transition from sleep to waking implies physiological processes which lead to a new behavioural state. Spontaneous awakenings have varying features which may change as a function of several factors. The latter include intrasleep architecture, circadian phase, time awake, age, or disordered sleep. Despite its clear theoretical and clinical importance, the topic of awakening (in humans) has received little attention so far. This contribution focuses on major issues which relate to awakening from both basic (experimental) and clinical research. Recent knowledge on neurophysiological mechanisms is reported. The experimental data which provide in the human suggestions on the regulation of awakening are discussed, mainly those concerning sleep architecture and homeostatic/circadian factors also in a life-span perspective, since age is a powerful factor which may influence awakening. Clinical contributions will examine two main sleep disorders: insomnia and hypersomnia. Daytime functioning is shown in insomniac patients and compared to other pathologies like sleep apnea. A final section evokes links between some types of night waking and psychological factors.</description><subject>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - metabolism</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>awakening, thalamus, sleep architecture, time of day, biological rhythms, aging, development, insomnia, hypersomnia, dreams</subject><subject>Brain - metabolism</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm - diagnosis</subject><subject>Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm - metabolism</subject><subject>Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - diagnosis</subject><subject>Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - metabolism</subject><subject>Sleep, REM - physiology</subject><subject>Thalamus - physiology</subject><subject>Wakefulness - physiology</subject><issn>1087-0792</issn><issn>1532-2955</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kEFLAzEQhYMotlZv4lH6B3adTDbb5FiKVaHgpfewm8xKbLdbktrivzfLFj15msfwvQfvMfbAIecgxVNswzFHAJ4DAl6wMZcCM9RSXiYNapbBTOOI3cT4CQC64OU1G3GUgnOBY3Y_P1Ub2vndx7QJXTuNW6L9Lbtqqm2ku_OdsPXyeb14zVbvL2-L-SqzxQwPGWJtRWmdcrIghY0tZNkoVQvp6toVIBtwxEsowFotrNRaaV1pybkVySgmLBti44n2X7XZB99W4dt0lTfn1yYpMlJz1Jj4fOBt6GIM1Pw6OJh-DdOvYfo1TL9GMjwOhhTVkvvDz_UToAaAUsujp2Ci9bSz5HwgezCu8_9l_wAe9Gz8</recordid><startdate>20020801</startdate><enddate>20020801</enddate><creator>Åkerstedt, Torbjorn</creator><creator>Billiard, Michel</creator><creator>Bonnet, Michael</creator><creator>Ficca, Gianluca</creator><creator>Garma, Lucile</creator><creator>Mariotti, Maurizio</creator><creator>Salzarulo, Piero</creator><creator>Schulz, Hartmut</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20020801</creationdate><title>Awakening from sleep</title><author>Åkerstedt, Torbjorn ; Billiard, Michel ; Bonnet, Michael ; Ficca, Gianluca ; Garma, Lucile ; Mariotti, Maurizio ; Salzarulo, Piero ; Schulz, Hartmut</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c472t-22bc36cd8d54e82fc456f88b35dbbd405f0de16040cc93c599899a9511c3c363</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - metabolism</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>awakening, thalamus, sleep architecture, time of day, biological rhythms, aging, development, insomnia, hypersomnia, dreams</topic><topic>Brain - metabolism</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm - diagnosis</topic><topic>Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm - metabolism</topic><topic>Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - diagnosis</topic><topic>Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - metabolism</topic><topic>Sleep, REM - physiology</topic><topic>Thalamus - physiology</topic><topic>Wakefulness - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Åkerstedt, Torbjorn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Billiard, Michel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bonnet, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ficca, Gianluca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garma, Lucile</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mariotti, Maurizio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salzarulo, Piero</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schulz, Hartmut</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><jtitle>Sleep medicine reviews</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Åkerstedt, Torbjorn</au><au>Billiard, Michel</au><au>Bonnet, Michael</au><au>Ficca, Gianluca</au><au>Garma, Lucile</au><au>Mariotti, Maurizio</au><au>Salzarulo, Piero</au><au>Schulz, Hartmut</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Awakening from sleep</atitle><jtitle>Sleep medicine reviews</jtitle><addtitle>Sleep Med Rev</addtitle><date>2002-08-01</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>267</spage><epage>286</epage><pages>267-286</pages><issn>1087-0792</issn><eissn>1532-2955</eissn><abstract>Awakening is a crucial event for the organism. The transition from sleep to waking implies physiological processes which lead to a new behavioural state. Spontaneous awakenings have varying features which may change as a function of several factors. The latter include intrasleep architecture, circadian phase, time awake, age, or disordered sleep. Despite its clear theoretical and clinical importance, the topic of awakening (in humans) has received little attention so far. This contribution focuses on major issues which relate to awakening from both basic (experimental) and clinical research. Recent knowledge on neurophysiological mechanisms is reported. The experimental data which provide in the human suggestions on the regulation of awakening are discussed, mainly those concerning sleep architecture and homeostatic/circadian factors also in a life-span perspective, since age is a powerful factor which may influence awakening. Clinical contributions will examine two main sleep disorders: insomnia and hypersomnia. 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| ispartof | Sleep medicine reviews, 2002-08, Vol.6 (4), p.267-286 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - metabolism Adult Age Factors awakening, thalamus, sleep architecture, time of day, biological rhythms, aging, development, insomnia, hypersomnia, dreams Brain - metabolism Female Humans Male Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm - diagnosis Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm - metabolism Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - diagnosis Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - metabolism Sleep, REM - physiology Thalamus - physiology Wakefulness - physiology |
| title | Awakening from sleep |
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