A computerized human reference brain for rCBF/SPET technetium-99m exametazime (HMPAO) investigation of elderly
Summary Using the bull's eye approach, a reference brain from the single photon emission tomography (SPET) images of 10 subjects aged 62–81 years with excellent mental and physical health was constructed. SPET images were acquired twice, 1 week apart, using a single detector rotating gamma came...
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creator | Sparring Björkstén, Karin Ekberg, Stefan Säfström, Pia Dige, Niels Granerus, Göran |
description | Summary
Using the bull's eye approach, a reference brain from the single photon emission tomography (SPET) images of 10 subjects aged 62–81 years with excellent mental and physical health was constructed. SPET images were acquired twice, 1 week apart, using a single detector rotating gamma camera collecting 64 planar images over a 360° orbit. The centre of each transaxial slice was first defined with an automatic edge detecting algorithm applied to an anterior–posterior and a side profile of the brain. Each slice was divided into 40 sectors. Maximum counts/pixel in each sector was picked. The 40 maximum count values from one transaxial slice were allowed to form a horizontal row in a new parametric image on the x‐axis and slice number from the vertex to the basal parts of the brain on the y‐axis. This new image was scaled to a 64 × 16 pixel matrix by interpolation, which meant a normalization of all studies to the same size. The parametric image in each subject was scaled with regard to intensity by a factor calculated by a normalization procedure using the least squares analysis. Mean and SD for each pixel were calculated, thereby constructing a ‘mean parametric image’, and a ‘SD parametric image’. These two images are meant to be used as the reference brain for evaluation of patient studies. This method can be used for objective measurements of diffuse brain changes and for pattern recognition in larger groups of patients. Statistical multifactorial analysis of parameters used for acquisition and data processing is possible. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1475-097X.2004.00548.x |
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Using the bull's eye approach, a reference brain from the single photon emission tomography (SPET) images of 10 subjects aged 62–81 years with excellent mental and physical health was constructed. SPET images were acquired twice, 1 week apart, using a single detector rotating gamma camera collecting 64 planar images over a 360° orbit. The centre of each transaxial slice was first defined with an automatic edge detecting algorithm applied to an anterior–posterior and a side profile of the brain. Each slice was divided into 40 sectors. Maximum counts/pixel in each sector was picked. The 40 maximum count values from one transaxial slice were allowed to form a horizontal row in a new parametric image on the x‐axis and slice number from the vertex to the basal parts of the brain on the y‐axis. This new image was scaled to a 64 × 16 pixel matrix by interpolation, which meant a normalization of all studies to the same size. The parametric image in each subject was scaled with regard to intensity by a factor calculated by a normalization procedure using the least squares analysis. Mean and SD for each pixel were calculated, thereby constructing a ‘mean parametric image’, and a ‘SD parametric image’. These two images are meant to be used as the reference brain for evaluation of patient studies. This method can be used for objective measurements of diffuse brain changes and for pattern recognition in larger groups of patients. Statistical multifactorial analysis of parameters used for acquisition and data processing is possible.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1475-0961</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1475-097X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1475-097X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-097X.2004.00548.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15233833</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd</publisher><subject>Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brain - diagnostic imaging ; bull's eye ; Cerebrovascular Circulation - physiology ; Computer Simulation ; elderly ; Female ; Humans ; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) ; Male ; Medical sciences ; MEDICIN ; MEDICINE ; Middle Aged ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Nervous system ; normal ; Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Reference Standards ; regional cerebral blood flow ; Reproducibility of Results ; single photon emission tomography ; Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime ; technetium-99m exametazine ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon - methods</subject><ispartof>Clinical physiology and functional imaging, 2004-07, Vol.24 (4), p.196-204</ispartof><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5078-ab760752d4df7f9a8991cc66a8041cf20acf69db0ec4648ffcc79917d00dea483</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5078-ab760752d4df7f9a8991cc66a8041cf20acf69db0ec4648ffcc79917d00dea483</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1475-097X.2004.00548.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1475-097X.2004.00548.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,777,781,882,1412,27905,27906,45555,45556</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15931905$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15233833$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-24634$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:110306174$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sparring Björkstén, Karin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ekberg, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Säfström, Pia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dige, Niels</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Granerus, Göran</creatorcontrib><title>A computerized human reference brain for rCBF/SPET technetium-99m exametazime (HMPAO) investigation of elderly</title><title>Clinical physiology and functional imaging</title><addtitle>Clin Physiol Funct Imaging</addtitle><description>Summary
Using the bull's eye approach, a reference brain from the single photon emission tomography (SPET) images of 10 subjects aged 62–81 years with excellent mental and physical health was constructed. SPET images were acquired twice, 1 week apart, using a single detector rotating gamma camera collecting 64 planar images over a 360° orbit. The centre of each transaxial slice was first defined with an automatic edge detecting algorithm applied to an anterior–posterior and a side profile of the brain. Each slice was divided into 40 sectors. Maximum counts/pixel in each sector was picked. The 40 maximum count values from one transaxial slice were allowed to form a horizontal row in a new parametric image on the x‐axis and slice number from the vertex to the basal parts of the brain on the y‐axis. This new image was scaled to a 64 × 16 pixel matrix by interpolation, which meant a normalization of all studies to the same size. The parametric image in each subject was scaled with regard to intensity by a factor calculated by a normalization procedure using the least squares analysis. Mean and SD for each pixel were calculated, thereby constructing a ‘mean parametric image’, and a ‘SD parametric image’. These two images are meant to be used as the reference brain for evaluation of patient studies. This method can be used for objective measurements of diffuse brain changes and for pattern recognition in larger groups of patients. Statistical multifactorial analysis of parameters used for acquisition and data processing is possible.</description><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Brain - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>bull's eye</subject><subject>Cerebrovascular Circulation - physiology</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>elderly</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>MEDICIN</subject><subject>MEDICINE</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Models, Cardiovascular</subject><subject>Nervous system</subject><subject>normal</subject><subject>Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry</subject><subject>Radiopharmaceuticals</subject><subject>Reference Standards</subject><subject>regional cerebral blood flow</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>single photon emission tomography</subject><subject>Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime</subject><subject>technetium-99m exametazine</subject><subject>Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon - methods</subject><issn>1475-0961</issn><issn>1475-097X</issn><issn>1475-097X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkV1v0zAUhiMEYmPwF5BvQCCRzE4cO5Z2U7p1QxqsEgOm3ViOc7y5y0exE9bu1-PSqOwGCd_Ysp_32D5PFCGCExLG4SIhlOcxFvwqSTGmCcY5LZLVk2h_d_B0t2ZkL3rh_QJjwjPKn0d7JE-zrMiy_aidIN01y6EHZx-gQrdDo1rkwICDVgMqnbItMp1Dbvpxdvh1fnKJetC3LfR2aGIhGgQr1UCvHmwD6N3Z5_nk4j2y7S_wvb1Rve1a1BkEdQWuXr-MnhlVe3g1zgfRt9nJ5fQsPr84_TSdnMc6x7yIVckZ5nla0cpwI1QhBNGaMVVgSrRJsdKGiarEoCmjhTFa84DwCuMKFC2ygyje1vX3sBxKuXS2UW4tO2XluHUXViDzghZcBP7DP_lj-30iO3cjazvIlLKMBvztFl-67ucQfiob6zXUtWqhG7xkjHFGMQ5gsQW167wPbd1VJlhuVMqF3FiSG2Nyo1L-USlXIfp6vGMoG6j-Bkd3AXgzAsprVRunWm39I05kROA8cEdb7t7WsP7vB8jpfJY_bqX1Pax2ceXuJONZSP74ciqPBWVXlFzL6-w3KvzKIQ</recordid><startdate>200407</startdate><enddate>200407</enddate><creator>Sparring Björkstén, Karin</creator><creator>Ekberg, Stefan</creator><creator>Säfström, Pia</creator><creator>Dige, Niels</creator><creator>Granerus, Göran</creator><general>Blackwell Science Ltd</general><general>Blackwell Science</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>DG8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200407</creationdate><title>A computerized human reference brain for rCBF/SPET technetium-99m exametazime (HMPAO) investigation of elderly</title><author>Sparring Björkstén, Karin ; Ekberg, Stefan ; Säfström, Pia ; Dige, Niels ; Granerus, Göran</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5078-ab760752d4df7f9a8991cc66a8041cf20acf69db0ec4648ffcc79917d00dea483</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Brain - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>bull's eye</topic><topic>Cerebrovascular Circulation - physiology</topic><topic>Computer Simulation</topic><topic>elderly</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>MEDICIN</topic><topic>MEDICINE</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Models, Cardiovascular</topic><topic>Nervous system</topic><topic>normal</topic><topic>Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry</topic><topic>Radiopharmaceuticals</topic><topic>Reference Standards</topic><topic>regional cerebral blood flow</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>single photon emission tomography</topic><topic>Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime</topic><topic>technetium-99m exametazine</topic><topic>Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon - methods</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sparring Björkstén, Karin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ekberg, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Säfström, Pia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dige, Niels</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Granerus, Göran</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><collection>SWEPUB Linköpings universitet</collection><jtitle>Clinical physiology and functional imaging</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sparring Björkstén, Karin</au><au>Ekberg, Stefan</au><au>Säfström, Pia</au><au>Dige, Niels</au><au>Granerus, Göran</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A computerized human reference brain for rCBF/SPET technetium-99m exametazime (HMPAO) investigation of elderly</atitle><jtitle>Clinical physiology and functional imaging</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Physiol Funct Imaging</addtitle><date>2004-07</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>196</spage><epage>204</epage><pages>196-204</pages><issn>1475-0961</issn><issn>1475-097X</issn><eissn>1475-097X</eissn><abstract>Summary
Using the bull's eye approach, a reference brain from the single photon emission tomography (SPET) images of 10 subjects aged 62–81 years with excellent mental and physical health was constructed. SPET images were acquired twice, 1 week apart, using a single detector rotating gamma camera collecting 64 planar images over a 360° orbit. The centre of each transaxial slice was first defined with an automatic edge detecting algorithm applied to an anterior–posterior and a side profile of the brain. Each slice was divided into 40 sectors. Maximum counts/pixel in each sector was picked. The 40 maximum count values from one transaxial slice were allowed to form a horizontal row in a new parametric image on the x‐axis and slice number from the vertex to the basal parts of the brain on the y‐axis. This new image was scaled to a 64 × 16 pixel matrix by interpolation, which meant a normalization of all studies to the same size. The parametric image in each subject was scaled with regard to intensity by a factor calculated by a normalization procedure using the least squares analysis. Mean and SD for each pixel were calculated, thereby constructing a ‘mean parametric image’, and a ‘SD parametric image’. These two images are meant to be used as the reference brain for evaluation of patient studies. This method can be used for objective measurements of diffuse brain changes and for pattern recognition in larger groups of patients. Statistical multifactorial analysis of parameters used for acquisition and data processing is possible.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Science Ltd</pub><pmid>15233833</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1475-097X.2004.00548.x</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Age Factors Aged Aged, 80 and over Biological and medical sciences Brain - diagnostic imaging bull's eye Cerebrovascular Circulation - physiology Computer Simulation elderly Female Humans Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) Male Medical sciences MEDICIN MEDICINE Middle Aged Models, Cardiovascular Nervous system normal Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry Radiopharmaceuticals Reference Standards regional cerebral blood flow Reproducibility of Results single photon emission tomography Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime technetium-99m exametazine Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon - methods |
title | A computerized human reference brain for rCBF/SPET technetium-99m exametazime (HMPAO) investigation of elderly |
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