Silica exposure is associated with increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Swedish EIRA study
Objective: To study the association between silica exposure and rheumatoid arthritis and how it is modified by cigarette smoking. Methods: Data were analysed from 276 male cases and 276 male controls aged 18 to 70 years, included in a Swedish population based study between May 1996 and June 2001. A...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Annals of the rheumatic diseases 2005-04, Vol.64 (4), p.582-586 |
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| creator | Stolt, P Källberg, H Lundberg, I Sjögren, B Klareskog, L Alfredsson, L |
| description | Objective: To study the association between silica exposure and rheumatoid arthritis and how it is modified by cigarette smoking. Methods: Data were analysed from 276 male cases and 276 male controls aged 18 to 70 years, included in a Swedish population based study between May 1996 and June 2001. A case was defined as a person recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis according to the ACR criteria. Controls were selected from the study base as a stratified random sample accounting for age, sex, and residency. Men with a self reported history of work with rock drilling, stone crushing, or exposure to stone dust in general were defined as silica exposed. Rheumatoid factor (RF) status among cases was recorded. Results: Silica exposed men had increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis, with an odds ratio (OR), adjusted for age, residential area, and smoking, of 2.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 3.9) among men aged 18 to 70 years, and 2.7 (1.2 to 5.8) among those aged 50 to 70 years. Men who had worked with rock drilling or stone crushing (regarded as highly exposed) had a slightly greater increase in risk of rheumatoid arthritis than silica exposed men in general, with an OR of 3.0 (1.2 to 7.6). The joint effects of silica exposure and smoking were compatible with synergy between these two exposures in the development of rheumatoid arthritis but this was not conclusive. Conclusions: Silica exposure is associated with increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. This association is not explained by smoking habits. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/ard.2004.022053 |
| format | Article |
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Methods: Data were analysed from 276 male cases and 276 male controls aged 18 to 70 years, included in a Swedish population based study between May 1996 and June 2001. A case was defined as a person recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis according to the ACR criteria. Controls were selected from the study base as a stratified random sample accounting for age, sex, and residency. Men with a self reported history of work with rock drilling, stone crushing, or exposure to stone dust in general were defined as silica exposed. Rheumatoid factor (RF) status among cases was recorded. Results: Silica exposed men had increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis, with an odds ratio (OR), adjusted for age, residential area, and smoking, of 2.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 3.9) among men aged 18 to 70 years, and 2.7 (1.2 to 5.8) among those aged 50 to 70 years. Men who had worked with rock drilling or stone crushing (regarded as highly exposed) had a slightly greater increase in risk of rheumatoid arthritis than silica exposed men in general, with an OR of 3.0 (1.2 to 7.6). The joint effects of silica exposure and smoking were compatible with synergy between these two exposures in the development of rheumatoid arthritis but this was not conclusive. Conclusions: Silica exposure is associated with increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. This association is not explained by smoking habits.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-4967</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1468-2060</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/ard.2004.022053</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15319232</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ARDIAO</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism</publisher><subject>ACR ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; American College of Rheumatology ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - epidemiology ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - etiology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomarkers - blood ; Case-Control Studies ; cigarette smoking ; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) ; Diseases of the osteoarticular system ; Dust ; EIRA ; epidemiological investigation of rheumatoid arthritis ; Extended Report ; Humans ; Inflammatory joint diseases ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases - epidemiology ; Occupational Diseases - etiology ; Occupational Exposure ; Odds Ratio ; Rheumatism ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Rheumatoid Factor - blood ; Risk Assessment ; Silica ; silica exposure ; Silicon Dioxide - toxicity ; Smoking - adverse effects ; Stone ; Studies ; Sweden - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2005-04, Vol.64 (4), p.582-586</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2005 by Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases</rights><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright: 2005 Copyright 2005 by Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b560t-4735c3c45c36df676ced1a16b280fed95aa73b6801132272a35a224e9f0198bb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b560t-4735c3c45c36df676ced1a16b280fed95aa73b6801132272a35a224e9f0198bb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1755463/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1755463/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,550,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16654646$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15319232$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:1958671$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Stolt, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Källberg, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lundberg, I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sjögren, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klareskog, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alfredsson, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>EIRA study group</creatorcontrib><title>Silica exposure is associated with increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Swedish EIRA study</title><title>Annals of the rheumatic diseases</title><addtitle>Ann Rheum Dis</addtitle><description>Objective: To study the association between silica exposure and rheumatoid arthritis and how it is modified by cigarette smoking. Methods: Data were analysed from 276 male cases and 276 male controls aged 18 to 70 years, included in a Swedish population based study between May 1996 and June 2001. A case was defined as a person recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis according to the ACR criteria. Controls were selected from the study base as a stratified random sample accounting for age, sex, and residency. Men with a self reported history of work with rock drilling, stone crushing, or exposure to stone dust in general were defined as silica exposed. Rheumatoid factor (RF) status among cases was recorded. Results: Silica exposed men had increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis, with an odds ratio (OR), adjusted for age, residential area, and smoking, of 2.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 3.9) among men aged 18 to 70 years, and 2.7 (1.2 to 5.8) among those aged 50 to 70 years. Men who had worked with rock drilling or stone crushing (regarded as highly exposed) had a slightly greater increase in risk of rheumatoid arthritis than silica exposed men in general, with an OR of 3.0 (1.2 to 7.6). The joint effects of silica exposure and smoking were compatible with synergy between these two exposures in the development of rheumatoid arthritis but this was not conclusive. Conclusions: Silica exposure is associated with increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. This association is not explained by smoking habits.</description><subject>ACR</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>American College of Rheumatology</subject><subject>Arthritis, Rheumatoid - epidemiology</subject><subject>Arthritis, Rheumatoid - etiology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers - blood</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>cigarette smoking</subject><subject>Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)</subject><subject>Diseases of the osteoarticular system</subject><subject>Dust</subject><subject>EIRA</subject><subject>epidemiological investigation of rheumatoid arthritis</subject><subject>Extended Report</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammatory joint diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Occupational Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Occupational Diseases - etiology</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>Rheumatism</subject><subject>Rheumatoid arthritis</subject><subject>Rheumatoid Factor - blood</subject><subject>Risk Assessment</subject><subject>Silica</subject><subject>silica exposure</subject><subject>Silicon Dioxide - toxicity</subject><subject>Smoking - adverse effects</subject><subject>Stone</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Sweden - epidemiology</subject><issn>0003-4967</issn><issn>1468-2060</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>D8T</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc9v0zAUxyMEYmVw5oYsIS5I6fwjdhIOSFM1YNJU0AYIcbGc5GVxm8bFz1nX_x5XrTp24uAfz-_zfvh9k-Q1o1PGhDozvplySrMp5ZxK8SSZsEwVKaeKPk0mlFKRZqXKT5IXiIto0oIVz5MTJgUrueCTZHtje1sbAvdrh6MHYpEYRFdbE6AhGxs6Yofag8FoeotL4lrSwB30bm2HW-I7GFcmONsQ40PnbbD4gXjAsQ9IWu9WJHRAbjbQWOzIxeX1OcEwNtuXybPW9AivDudp8uPTxffZl_Tq6-fL2flVWklFQ5rlQtaizuKmmlblqoaGGaYqXtAWmlIak4tKFTTOg_OcGyEN5xmULWVlUVXiNEn3eXED67HSa29Xxm-1M1YfnpbxBloWmZAi8h_3fPSsoKlhCN70j8Ieewbb6Vt3p1kuZaZ2Cd4eEnj3ZwQMeuFGP8Q_RiTPi0wpXkbqbE_V3iF6aI8VGNU7bXXUVu-01XttY8Sbfxt74A9iRuDdATBYm771ZqgtPnBKxf5ih8eJWAxwf_Qbv9QqF7nU85-zuH7Pf13Pv-ld4fd7vlot_tvlXyXzy78</recordid><startdate>20050401</startdate><enddate>20050401</enddate><creator>Stolt, P</creator><creator>Källberg, H</creator><creator>Lundberg, I</creator><creator>Sjögren, B</creator><creator>Klareskog, L</creator><creator>Alfredsson, L</creator><general>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism</general><general>BMJ</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BTHHO</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>D8T</scope><scope>ZZAVC</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20050401</creationdate><title>Silica exposure is associated with increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Swedish EIRA study</title><author>Stolt, P ; Källberg, H ; Lundberg, I ; Sjögren, B ; Klareskog, L ; Alfredsson, L</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b560t-4735c3c45c36df676ced1a16b280fed95aa73b6801132272a35a224e9f0198bb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>ACR</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>American College of Rheumatology</topic><topic>Arthritis, Rheumatoid - epidemiology</topic><topic>Arthritis, Rheumatoid - etiology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomarkers - blood</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>cigarette smoking</topic><topic>Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)</topic><topic>Diseases of the osteoarticular system</topic><topic>Dust</topic><topic>EIRA</topic><topic>epidemiological investigation of rheumatoid arthritis</topic><topic>Extended Report</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammatory joint diseases</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Occupational Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Occupational Diseases - etiology</topic><topic>Occupational Exposure</topic><topic>Odds Ratio</topic><topic>Rheumatism</topic><topic>Rheumatoid arthritis</topic><topic>Rheumatoid Factor - blood</topic><topic>Risk Assessment</topic><topic>Silica</topic><topic>silica exposure</topic><topic>Silicon Dioxide - toxicity</topic><topic>Smoking - adverse effects</topic><topic>Stone</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Sweden - epidemiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Stolt, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Källberg, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lundberg, I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sjögren, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klareskog, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alfredsson, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>EIRA study group</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>BMJ Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><collection>SWEPUB Freely available online</collection><collection>SwePub Articles full text</collection><jtitle>Annals of the rheumatic diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stolt, P</au><au>Källberg, H</au><au>Lundberg, I</au><au>Sjögren, B</au><au>Klareskog, L</au><au>Alfredsson, L</au><aucorp>EIRA study group</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Silica exposure is associated with increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Swedish EIRA study</atitle><jtitle>Annals of the rheumatic diseases</jtitle><addtitle>Ann Rheum Dis</addtitle><date>2005-04-01</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>64</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>582</spage><epage>586</epage><pages>582-586</pages><issn>0003-4967</issn><eissn>1468-2060</eissn><coden>ARDIAO</coden><abstract>Objective: To study the association between silica exposure and rheumatoid arthritis and how it is modified by cigarette smoking. Methods: Data were analysed from 276 male cases and 276 male controls aged 18 to 70 years, included in a Swedish population based study between May 1996 and June 2001. A case was defined as a person recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis according to the ACR criteria. Controls were selected from the study base as a stratified random sample accounting for age, sex, and residency. Men with a self reported history of work with rock drilling, stone crushing, or exposure to stone dust in general were defined as silica exposed. Rheumatoid factor (RF) status among cases was recorded. Results: Silica exposed men had increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis, with an odds ratio (OR), adjusted for age, residential area, and smoking, of 2.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 3.9) among men aged 18 to 70 years, and 2.7 (1.2 to 5.8) among those aged 50 to 70 years. Men who had worked with rock drilling or stone crushing (regarded as highly exposed) had a slightly greater increase in risk of rheumatoid arthritis than silica exposed men in general, with an OR of 3.0 (1.2 to 7.6). The joint effects of silica exposure and smoking were compatible with synergy between these two exposures in the development of rheumatoid arthritis but this was not conclusive. Conclusions: Silica exposure is associated with increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. This association is not explained by smoking habits.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism</pub><pmid>15319232</pmid><doi>10.1136/ard.2004.022053</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2005-04, Vol.64 (4), p.582-586 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection; SWEPUB Freely available online |
| subjects | ACR Adolescent Adult Aged American College of Rheumatology Arthritis, Rheumatoid - epidemiology Arthritis, Rheumatoid - etiology Biological and medical sciences Biomarkers - blood Case-Control Studies cigarette smoking Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) Diseases of the osteoarticular system Dust EIRA epidemiological investigation of rheumatoid arthritis Extended Report Humans Inflammatory joint diseases Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Occupational Diseases - epidemiology Occupational Diseases - etiology Occupational Exposure Odds Ratio Rheumatism Rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatoid Factor - blood Risk Assessment Silica silica exposure Silicon Dioxide - toxicity Smoking - adverse effects Stone Studies Sweden - epidemiology |
| title | Silica exposure is associated with increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Swedish EIRA study |
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