Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study
Prenatal environmental factors such as maternal adiposity may influence the risk of offspring autism spectrum disorders (ASD), though current evidence is inconsistent. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship of parental BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) with risk of offspring...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of epidemiology 2015-06, Vol.44 (3), p.870-883 |
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| container_title | International journal of epidemiology |
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| creator | Gardner, Renee M Lee, Brian K Magnusson, Cecilia Rai, Dheeraj Frisell, Thomas Karlsson, Håkan Idring, Selma Dalman, Christina |
| description | Prenatal environmental factors such as maternal adiposity may influence the risk of offspring autism spectrum disorders (ASD), though current evidence is inconsistent. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship of parental BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) with risk of offspring ASD in a population-based cohort study using family-based study designs.
The cohort was based in Stockholm County, Sweden, including 333,057 individuals born 1984-2007, of whom 6420 were diagnosed with an ASD. We evaluated maternal body mass index (BMI) at first antenatal visit, GWG and paternal BMI at the time of conscription into the Swedish military as exposures using general estimating equation (GEE) models with logit link.
At the population level, maternal overweight/obesity was associated with increased risk of offspring ASD [odds ratio (OR)25 ≤ BMI |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/ije/dyv081 |
| format | Article |
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The cohort was based in Stockholm County, Sweden, including 333,057 individuals born 1984-2007, of whom 6420 were diagnosed with an ASD. We evaluated maternal body mass index (BMI) at first antenatal visit, GWG and paternal BMI at the time of conscription into the Swedish military as exposures using general estimating equation (GEE) models with logit link.
At the population level, maternal overweight/obesity was associated with increased risk of offspring ASD [odds ratio (OR)25 ≤ BMI < 30 1.31, 95% confidence interval = 1.21-1.41; ORBMI ≥ 30 1.94, 1.72-2.17], as was paternal underweight (ORBMI < 18.5, 1.19, 1.06-1.33) and obesity (ORBMI ≥ 30 1.47, 1.12-1.92) in mutually adjusted models. However, in matched sibling analyses, the relationship between elevated maternal BMI and ASD risk was not apparent. GWG had a U-shaped association with offspring ASD at the population level (ORinsufficient 1.22, 1.07-1.40; ORexcessive 1.23, 1.08-1.40). Matched sibling analyses were suggestive of elevated risk with excessive GWG (ORinsufficient 1.12, 0.68-1.84; ORexcessive 1.48, 0.93-2.38).
Whereas population-level results suggested that maternal BMI was associated with ASD, sibling analyses and paternal BMI analyses indicate that maternal BMI may also be a proxy marker for other familial risk factors. Evidence is stronger for a direct link between GWG and ASD risk.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0300-5771</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1464-3685</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv081</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26045508</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Autism Spectrum Disorder - epidemiology ; Birth Weight ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Early Life Exposures ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; Odds Ratio ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications - epidemiology ; Pregnant Women ; Risk Factors ; Siblings ; Sweden - epidemiology ; Weight Gain ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>International journal of epidemiology, 2015-06, Vol.44 (3), p.870-883</ispartof><rights>The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association.</rights><rights>The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-900c87d791ccce22a2bdb7d2e86dbe92ce38acbcabc136d379d05087bed54ffb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-900c87d791ccce22a2bdb7d2e86dbe92ce38acbcabc136d379d05087bed54ffb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,550,776,780,881,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26045508$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:131794705$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gardner, Renee M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Brian K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Magnusson, Cecilia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rai, Dheeraj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frisell, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karlsson, Håkan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Idring, Selma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dalman, Christina</creatorcontrib><title>Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study</title><title>International journal of epidemiology</title><addtitle>Int J Epidemiol</addtitle><description>Prenatal environmental factors such as maternal adiposity may influence the risk of offspring autism spectrum disorders (ASD), though current evidence is inconsistent. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship of parental BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) with risk of offspring ASD in a population-based cohort study using family-based study designs.
The cohort was based in Stockholm County, Sweden, including 333,057 individuals born 1984-2007, of whom 6420 were diagnosed with an ASD. We evaluated maternal body mass index (BMI) at first antenatal visit, GWG and paternal BMI at the time of conscription into the Swedish military as exposures using general estimating equation (GEE) models with logit link.
At the population level, maternal overweight/obesity was associated with increased risk of offspring ASD [odds ratio (OR)25 ≤ BMI < 30 1.31, 95% confidence interval = 1.21-1.41; ORBMI ≥ 30 1.94, 1.72-2.17], as was paternal underweight (ORBMI < 18.5, 1.19, 1.06-1.33) and obesity (ORBMI ≥ 30 1.47, 1.12-1.92) in mutually adjusted models. However, in matched sibling analyses, the relationship between elevated maternal BMI and ASD risk was not apparent. GWG had a U-shaped association with offspring ASD at the population level (ORinsufficient 1.22, 1.07-1.40; ORexcessive 1.23, 1.08-1.40). Matched sibling analyses were suggestive of elevated risk with excessive GWG (ORinsufficient 1.12, 0.68-1.84; ORexcessive 1.48, 0.93-2.38).
Whereas population-level results suggested that maternal BMI was associated with ASD, sibling analyses and paternal BMI analyses indicate that maternal BMI may also be a proxy marker for other familial risk factors. Evidence is stronger for a direct link between GWG and ASD risk.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Autism Spectrum Disorder - epidemiology</subject><subject>Birth Weight</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Early Life Exposures</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnancy Complications - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pregnant Women</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Siblings</subject><subject>Sweden - epidemiology</subject><subject>Weight Gain</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0300-5771</issn><issn>1464-3685</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>D8T</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkktv1DAUhSMEoqWw4QcgLxFqqB07ccICCVW8pCIkHmvLj5uM28RObadDfhj_D09nqOiOlS2f7x5dH52ieE7wa4I7emYv4cysN7glD4pjwhpW0qatHxbHmGJc1pyTo-JJjJcYE8ZY97g4qhrM6hq3x8XvLzJBcHJEypsVTTJGZJ2BX8gswboBgQzjiuYAg5NOr6dogJhksn43swU7bBIapHWnSDqDgo1XyPdILsnGCcUZdArLhIyNPhgI8Q36BnEZU0R98BOS6PsWsrhByadsOPt5GW_db-2yovOcdAlFq8bdPjEtZn1aPOrlGOHZ4Twpfn54_-P8U3nx9ePn83cXpa5JncoOY91ywzuitYaqkpUyipsK2sYo6CoNtJVaaak0oY2hvDM4p8IVmJr1vaInRbn3jVuYFyXmYCcZVuGlFYenq3wDUZOqa1nm3-75rExgNLgU5Hhv7L7i7EYM_kawuiKE4mzw8mAQ_PWSkxZTjgDGUTrwSxSEE87aDvP_QTGhtMVdk9FXe1QHH2OA_m4jgsWuQiJXSOwrlOEX__7hDv3bGfoH6IzKmQ</recordid><startdate>20150601</startdate><enddate>20150601</enddate><creator>Gardner, Renee M</creator><creator>Lee, Brian K</creator><creator>Magnusson, Cecilia</creator><creator>Rai, Dheeraj</creator><creator>Frisell, Thomas</creator><creator>Karlsson, Håkan</creator><creator>Idring, Selma</creator><creator>Dalman, Christina</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>D8T</scope><scope>ZZAVC</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150601</creationdate><title>Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study</title><author>Gardner, Renee M ; Lee, Brian K ; Magnusson, Cecilia ; Rai, Dheeraj ; Frisell, Thomas ; Karlsson, Håkan ; Idring, Selma ; Dalman, Christina</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-900c87d791ccce22a2bdb7d2e86dbe92ce38acbcabc136d379d05087bed54ffb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Autism Spectrum Disorder - epidemiology</topic><topic>Birth Weight</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Early Life Exposures</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Odds Ratio</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Pregnancy Complications - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pregnant Women</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Siblings</topic><topic>Sweden - epidemiology</topic><topic>Weight Gain</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gardner, Renee M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Brian K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Magnusson, Cecilia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rai, Dheeraj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frisell, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karlsson, Håkan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Idring, Selma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dalman, Christina</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><collection>SWEPUB Freely available online</collection><collection>SwePub Articles full text</collection><jtitle>International journal of epidemiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gardner, Renee M</au><au>Lee, Brian K</au><au>Magnusson, Cecilia</au><au>Rai, Dheeraj</au><au>Frisell, Thomas</au><au>Karlsson, Håkan</au><au>Idring, Selma</au><au>Dalman, Christina</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study</atitle><jtitle>International journal of epidemiology</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Epidemiol</addtitle><date>2015-06-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>44</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>870</spage><epage>883</epage><pages>870-883</pages><issn>0300-5771</issn><eissn>1464-3685</eissn><abstract>Prenatal environmental factors such as maternal adiposity may influence the risk of offspring autism spectrum disorders (ASD), though current evidence is inconsistent. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship of parental BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) with risk of offspring ASD in a population-based cohort study using family-based study designs.
The cohort was based in Stockholm County, Sweden, including 333,057 individuals born 1984-2007, of whom 6420 were diagnosed with an ASD. We evaluated maternal body mass index (BMI) at first antenatal visit, GWG and paternal BMI at the time of conscription into the Swedish military as exposures using general estimating equation (GEE) models with logit link.
At the population level, maternal overweight/obesity was associated with increased risk of offspring ASD [odds ratio (OR)25 ≤ BMI < 30 1.31, 95% confidence interval = 1.21-1.41; ORBMI ≥ 30 1.94, 1.72-2.17], as was paternal underweight (ORBMI < 18.5, 1.19, 1.06-1.33) and obesity (ORBMI ≥ 30 1.47, 1.12-1.92) in mutually adjusted models. However, in matched sibling analyses, the relationship between elevated maternal BMI and ASD risk was not apparent. GWG had a U-shaped association with offspring ASD at the population level (ORinsufficient 1.22, 1.07-1.40; ORexcessive 1.23, 1.08-1.40). Matched sibling analyses were suggestive of elevated risk with excessive GWG (ORinsufficient 1.12, 0.68-1.84; ORexcessive 1.48, 0.93-2.38).
Whereas population-level results suggested that maternal BMI was associated with ASD, sibling analyses and paternal BMI analyses indicate that maternal BMI may also be a proxy marker for other familial risk factors. Evidence is stronger for a direct link between GWG and ASD risk.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>26045508</pmid><doi>10.1093/ije/dyv081</doi><tpages>14</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | International journal of epidemiology, 2015-06, Vol.44 (3), p.870-883 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SWEPUB Freely available online; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder - epidemiology Birth Weight Body Mass Index Child Child, Preschool Cohort Studies Early Life Exposures Female Humans Male Obesity Odds Ratio Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications - epidemiology Pregnant Women Risk Factors Siblings Sweden - epidemiology Weight Gain Young Adult |
| title | Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study |
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