Avoidable cancers in the Nordic countries—the potential impact of increased physical activity on postmenopausal breast, colon and endometrial cancer
Physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of colon, endometrial and postmenopausal breast cancer. The aim of this study was to quantify the proportion of the cancer burden in the Nordic countries linked to insufficient levels of leisure time physical activity and estimate the potential for...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of cancer (1990) 2019-03, Vol.110, p.42-48 |
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| creator | Andersson, Therese M-L. Engholm, Gerda Lund, Anne-Sofie Q. Lourenço, Sofia Matthiessen, Jeppe Pukkala, Eero Stenbeck, Magnus Tryggvadottir, Laufey Weiderpass, Elisabete Storm, Hans |
| description | Physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of colon, endometrial and postmenopausal breast cancer. The aim of this study was to quantify the proportion of the cancer burden in the Nordic countries linked to insufficient levels of leisure time physical activity and estimate the potential for cancer prevention for these three sites by increasing physical activity levels.
Using the Prevent macrosimulation model, the number of cancer cases in the Nordic countries over a 30-year period (2016–2045) was modelled, under different scenarios of increasing physical activity levels in the population, and compared with the projected number of cases if constant physical activity prevailed. Physical activity (moderate and vigorous) was categorised according to metabolic equivalents (MET) hours in groups with sufficient physical activity (15+ MET-hours/week), low deficit (9 to |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.01.008 |
| format | Article |
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Using the Prevent macrosimulation model, the number of cancer cases in the Nordic countries over a 30-year period (2016–2045) was modelled, under different scenarios of increasing physical activity levels in the population, and compared with the projected number of cases if constant physical activity prevailed. Physical activity (moderate and vigorous) was categorised according to metabolic equivalents (MET) hours in groups with sufficient physical activity (15+ MET-hours/week), low deficit (9 to <15 MET-hours/week), medium deficit (3 to <9 MET-hours/week) and high deficit (<3 MET-hours/week).
If no one had insufficient levels of physical activity, about 11,000 colon, endometrial and postmenopausal breast cancer cases could be avoided in the Nordic countries in a 30-year period, which is 1% of the expected cases for the three cancer types. With a 50% reduction in all deficit groups by 2025 or a 100% reduction in the group of high deficit, approximately 0.5% of the expected cases for the three cancer types could be avoided. The number and percentage of avoidable cases was highest for colon cancer.
11,000 cancer cases could be avoided in the Nordic countries in a 30-year period, if deficit in physical activity was eliminated.
•Physical activity reduces the risk of colon, endometrial and postmenopausal breast cancer.•Eliminating deficit in physical activity in the Nordic countries avoids 11,000 cancer cases in 30 years.•This corresponds to 1% of expected cancers for these three sites causally linked to physical activity.•The number and percentage of avoidable cases was highest (1.3%) for colon cancer.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0959-8049</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1879-0852</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-0852</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.01.008</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30739839</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Aged ; Breast cancer ; Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Cancer ; Colon ; Colon cancer ; Colonic Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Colorectal cancer ; Endometrial cancer ; Endometrial Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Endometrium ; Exercise ; Exercise - physiology ; Female ; Health risk assessment ; Health risks ; Humans ; Incidence ; Medicin och hälsovetenskap ; Middle Aged ; Moderate and vigorous physical activity ; Nordic countries ; Physical activity ; Population attributable fraction ; Post-menopause ; Postmenopause - physiology ; Potential impact fraction ; Prevalence ; Prevent macrosimulation model ; Prevention ; Reduction ; Scandinavian and Nordic Countries - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>European journal of cancer (1990), 2019-03, Vol.110, p.42-48</ispartof><rights>2019 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Science Ltd. Mar 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c516t-170c9dcb1eedd51d3c49f3c4e360d4157f1a3f4b470e26b8f0d1dede501ac6e23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c516t-170c9dcb1eedd51d3c49f3c4e360d4157f1a3f4b470e26b8f0d1dede501ac6e23</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8949-7196 ; 0000-0003-2237-0128</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2019.01.008$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30739839$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:140408439$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Andersson, Therese M-L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Engholm, Gerda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lund, Anne-Sofie Q.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lourenço, Sofia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matthiessen, Jeppe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pukkala, Eero</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stenbeck, Magnus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tryggvadottir, Laufey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiderpass, Elisabete</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Storm, Hans</creatorcontrib><title>Avoidable cancers in the Nordic countries—the potential impact of increased physical activity on postmenopausal breast, colon and endometrial cancer</title><title>European journal of cancer (1990)</title><addtitle>Eur J Cancer</addtitle><description>Physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of colon, endometrial and postmenopausal breast cancer. The aim of this study was to quantify the proportion of the cancer burden in the Nordic countries linked to insufficient levels of leisure time physical activity and estimate the potential for cancer prevention for these three sites by increasing physical activity levels.
Using the Prevent macrosimulation model, the number of cancer cases in the Nordic countries over a 30-year period (2016–2045) was modelled, under different scenarios of increasing physical activity levels in the population, and compared with the projected number of cases if constant physical activity prevailed. Physical activity (moderate and vigorous) was categorised according to metabolic equivalents (MET) hours in groups with sufficient physical activity (15+ MET-hours/week), low deficit (9 to <15 MET-hours/week), medium deficit (3 to <9 MET-hours/week) and high deficit (<3 MET-hours/week).
If no one had insufficient levels of physical activity, about 11,000 colon, endometrial and postmenopausal breast cancer cases could be avoided in the Nordic countries in a 30-year period, which is 1% of the expected cases for the three cancer types. With a 50% reduction in all deficit groups by 2025 or a 100% reduction in the group of high deficit, approximately 0.5% of the expected cases for the three cancer types could be avoided. The number and percentage of avoidable cases was highest for colon cancer.
11,000 cancer cases could be avoided in the Nordic countries in a 30-year period, if deficit in physical activity was eliminated.
•Physical activity reduces the risk of colon, endometrial and postmenopausal breast cancer.•Eliminating deficit in physical activity in the Nordic countries avoids 11,000 cancer cases in 30 years.•This corresponds to 1% of expected cancers for these three sites causally linked to physical activity.•The number and percentage of avoidable cases was highest (1.3%) for colon cancer.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Breast cancer</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Colon</subject><subject>Colon cancer</subject><subject>Colonic Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Colorectal cancer</subject><subject>Endometrial cancer</subject><subject>Endometrial Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Endometrium</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Exercise - physiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Medicin och hälsovetenskap</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Moderate and vigorous physical activity</subject><subject>Nordic countries</subject><subject>Physical activity</subject><subject>Population attributable fraction</subject><subject>Post-menopause</subject><subject>Postmenopause - physiology</subject><subject>Potential impact fraction</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Prevent macrosimulation model</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Scandinavian and Nordic Countries - epidemiology</subject><issn>0959-8049</issn><issn>1879-0852</issn><issn>1879-0852</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9ks-K1TAUxosoznX0BVxIwY0LW0_6NwE3w-A_GHSj65Amp0yubVOT9A5350OID-iTeErvjCDoJgn5ft9JOOdLkqcMcgasebXPca9VXgATObAcgN9Ldoy3IgNeF_eTHYhaZBwqcZY8CmEPAC2v4GFyVkJbCl6KXfLz4uCsUd2AqVaTRh9SO6XxGtOPzhurU-2WKXqL4df3H-v17CJO0aohteOsdExdTw7tUQU06Xx9DFaTSIo92HhM3USWEEec3KyWQFK3svElVR5IVJNJcTJuRHqF1O0Xj5MHvRoCPjnt58mXt28-X77Prj69-3B5cZXpmjUxYy1oYXTHEI2pmSl1JXpasGzAVKxue6bKvuqqFrBoOt6DYQYN1sCUbrAoz5NsqxtucF46OXs7Kn-UTll5uvpKJ5QVL0A0xIt_8rN35o_p1sgqqIBXpSDvi81L4LcFQ5SjDRqHQU3oliALxkuaXsuB0Od_oXu3-Ik6IYsCeAuibWuiio3S3oXgsb_7DgO5JkTu5ZoQuSZEApOUEDI9O5VeuhHNneU2EgS83gCkvh8sehm0RRqKsR51lMbZ_9X_DRFz0nI</recordid><startdate>20190301</startdate><enddate>20190301</enddate><creator>Andersson, Therese M-L.</creator><creator>Engholm, Gerda</creator><creator>Lund, Anne-Sofie Q.</creator><creator>Lourenço, Sofia</creator><creator>Matthiessen, Jeppe</creator><creator>Pukkala, Eero</creator><creator>Stenbeck, Magnus</creator><creator>Tryggvadottir, Laufey</creator><creator>Weiderpass, Elisabete</creator><creator>Storm, Hans</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Science Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8949-7196</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2237-0128</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20190301</creationdate><title>Avoidable cancers in the Nordic countries—the potential impact of increased physical activity on postmenopausal breast, colon and endometrial cancer</title><author>Andersson, Therese M-L. ; Engholm, Gerda ; Lund, Anne-Sofie Q. ; Lourenço, Sofia ; Matthiessen, Jeppe ; Pukkala, Eero ; Stenbeck, Magnus ; Tryggvadottir, Laufey ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Storm, Hans</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c516t-170c9dcb1eedd51d3c49f3c4e360d4157f1a3f4b470e26b8f0d1dede501ac6e23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Breast cancer</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Colon</topic><topic>Colon cancer</topic><topic>Colonic Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Colorectal cancer</topic><topic>Endometrial cancer</topic><topic>Endometrial Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Endometrium</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Exercise - physiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Medicin och hälsovetenskap</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Moderate and vigorous physical activity</topic><topic>Nordic countries</topic><topic>Physical activity</topic><topic>Population attributable fraction</topic><topic>Post-menopause</topic><topic>Postmenopause - physiology</topic><topic>Potential impact fraction</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Prevent macrosimulation model</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>Scandinavian and Nordic Countries - epidemiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Andersson, Therese M-L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Engholm, Gerda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lund, Anne-Sofie Q.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lourenço, Sofia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matthiessen, Jeppe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pukkala, Eero</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stenbeck, Magnus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tryggvadottir, Laufey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiderpass, Elisabete</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Storm, Hans</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><jtitle>European journal of cancer (1990)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Andersson, Therese M-L.</au><au>Engholm, Gerda</au><au>Lund, Anne-Sofie Q.</au><au>Lourenço, Sofia</au><au>Matthiessen, Jeppe</au><au>Pukkala, Eero</au><au>Stenbeck, Magnus</au><au>Tryggvadottir, Laufey</au><au>Weiderpass, Elisabete</au><au>Storm, Hans</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Avoidable cancers in the Nordic countries—the potential impact of increased physical activity on postmenopausal breast, colon and endometrial cancer</atitle><jtitle>European journal of cancer (1990)</jtitle><addtitle>Eur J Cancer</addtitle><date>2019-03-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>110</volume><spage>42</spage><epage>48</epage><pages>42-48</pages><issn>0959-8049</issn><issn>1879-0852</issn><eissn>1879-0852</eissn><abstract>Physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of colon, endometrial and postmenopausal breast cancer. The aim of this study was to quantify the proportion of the cancer burden in the Nordic countries linked to insufficient levels of leisure time physical activity and estimate the potential for cancer prevention for these three sites by increasing physical activity levels.
Using the Prevent macrosimulation model, the number of cancer cases in the Nordic countries over a 30-year period (2016–2045) was modelled, under different scenarios of increasing physical activity levels in the population, and compared with the projected number of cases if constant physical activity prevailed. Physical activity (moderate and vigorous) was categorised according to metabolic equivalents (MET) hours in groups with sufficient physical activity (15+ MET-hours/week), low deficit (9 to <15 MET-hours/week), medium deficit (3 to <9 MET-hours/week) and high deficit (<3 MET-hours/week).
If no one had insufficient levels of physical activity, about 11,000 colon, endometrial and postmenopausal breast cancer cases could be avoided in the Nordic countries in a 30-year period, which is 1% of the expected cases for the three cancer types. With a 50% reduction in all deficit groups by 2025 or a 100% reduction in the group of high deficit, approximately 0.5% of the expected cases for the three cancer types could be avoided. The number and percentage of avoidable cases was highest for colon cancer.
11,000 cancer cases could be avoided in the Nordic countries in a 30-year period, if deficit in physical activity was eliminated.
•Physical activity reduces the risk of colon, endometrial and postmenopausal breast cancer.•Eliminating deficit in physical activity in the Nordic countries avoids 11,000 cancer cases in 30 years.•This corresponds to 1% of expected cancers for these three sites causally linked to physical activity.•The number and percentage of avoidable cases was highest (1.3%) for colon cancer.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>30739839</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ejca.2019.01.008</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8949-7196</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2237-0128</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier) |
| subjects | Aged Breast cancer Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology Cancer Colon Colon cancer Colonic Neoplasms - epidemiology Colorectal cancer Endometrial cancer Endometrial Neoplasms - epidemiology Endometrium Exercise Exercise - physiology Female Health risk assessment Health risks Humans Incidence Medicin och hälsovetenskap Middle Aged Moderate and vigorous physical activity Nordic countries Physical activity Population attributable fraction Post-menopause Postmenopause - physiology Potential impact fraction Prevalence Prevent macrosimulation model Prevention Reduction Scandinavian and Nordic Countries - epidemiology |
| title | Avoidable cancers in the Nordic countries—the potential impact of increased physical activity on postmenopausal breast, colon and endometrial cancer |
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