Evaluation of intervertebral disk degeneration in chondrodystrophic and nonchondrodystrophic dogs by use of Pfirrmann grading of images obtained with low-field magnetic resonance imaging
Objective—To assess whether the Pfirrmann system for grading lumbar intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration in humans can also be used in dogs. Animals—202 dogs. Procedures—Magnetic resonance imaging was used to obtain images of vertebral segments from dogs, which were reviewed separately by 3 observ...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of veterinary research 2011-07, Vol.72 (7), p.893-898 |
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| container_title | American journal of veterinary research |
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| creator | Bergknut, Niklas Auriemma, Edoardo Wijsman, Saffiera Voorhout, George Hagman, Ragnvi Lagerstedt, Anne-Sofie Hazewinkel, Herman A.W Meij, Bjorn P |
| description | Objective—To assess whether the Pfirrmann system for grading lumbar intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration in humans can also be used in dogs. Animals—202 dogs. Procedures—Magnetic resonance imaging was used to obtain images of vertebral segments from dogs, which were reviewed separately by 3 observers who graded the extent of degeneration in each visible IVD by use of the Pfirrmann classification system used for grading lumbar IVD degeneration in humans. Grading was validated against 2 factors associated with the extent of disk degeneration: type of dog (chondrodystrophic or nonchondrodystrophic breeds) and age. Results—Interobserver and intraobserver agreement for Pfirrmann grading of IVD degeneration were good (κ scores, 0.81 to 0.93). An increase in the extent of disk degeneration was positively correlated with increases in age and with chondrodystrophic breed. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The Pfirrmann system was reliably used to grade IVD degeneration in dogs of various breeds and ages. An increase in the extent of IVD degeneration was positively correlated with increases in age and with chondrodystrophic-type dogs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2460/ajvr.72.7.893 |
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Animals—202 dogs. Procedures—Magnetic resonance imaging was used to obtain images of vertebral segments from dogs, which were reviewed separately by 3 observers who graded the extent of degeneration in each visible IVD by use of the Pfirrmann classification system used for grading lumbar IVD degeneration in humans. Grading was validated against 2 factors associated with the extent of disk degeneration: type of dog (chondrodystrophic or nonchondrodystrophic breeds) and age. Results—Interobserver and intraobserver agreement for Pfirrmann grading of IVD degeneration were good (κ scores, 0.81 to 0.93). An increase in the extent of disk degeneration was positively correlated with increases in age and with chondrodystrophic breed. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The Pfirrmann system was reliably used to grade IVD degeneration in dogs of various breeds and ages. An increase in the extent of IVD degeneration was positively correlated with increases in age and with chondrodystrophic-type dogs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9645</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1943-5681</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.72.7.893</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21728849</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States</publisher><subject>Age Factors ; Animal and Dairy Science ; Animals ; breeds ; correlation ; Dog Diseases - diagnostic imaging ; Dog Diseases - pathology ; Dogs ; Female ; humans ; Husdjursvetenskap ; image analysis ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Intervertebral Disc - diagnostic imaging ; Intervertebral Disc - pathology ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - diagnostic imaging ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - pathology ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - veterinary ; intervertebral disks ; magnetic resonance imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - instrumentation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - veterinary ; Male ; Netherlands ; Observer Variation ; Pedigree ; Radiography ; Reproducibility of Results ; Severity of Illness Index ; Spine - diagnostic imaging ; Spine - pathology ; Veterinary Science ; Veterinärmedicin</subject><ispartof>American journal of veterinary research, 2011-07, Vol.72 (7), p.893-898</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-9708aa6b445d099ab25b0cacc6be65f37179449823ee7da75aa4d5681a62dd63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-9708aa6b445d099ab25b0cacc6be65f37179449823ee7da75aa4d5681a62dd63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21728849$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://res.slu.se/id/publ/46526$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bergknut, Niklas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Auriemma, Edoardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wijsman, Saffiera</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Voorhout, George</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hagman, Ragnvi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lagerstedt, Anne-Sofie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hazewinkel, Herman A.W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meij, Bjorn P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of intervertebral disk degeneration in chondrodystrophic and nonchondrodystrophic dogs by use of Pfirrmann grading of images obtained with low-field magnetic resonance imaging</title><title>American journal of veterinary research</title><addtitle>Am J Vet Res</addtitle><description>Objective—To assess whether the Pfirrmann system for grading lumbar intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration in humans can also be used in dogs. Animals—202 dogs. Procedures—Magnetic resonance imaging was used to obtain images of vertebral segments from dogs, which were reviewed separately by 3 observers who graded the extent of degeneration in each visible IVD by use of the Pfirrmann classification system used for grading lumbar IVD degeneration in humans. Grading was validated against 2 factors associated with the extent of disk degeneration: type of dog (chondrodystrophic or nonchondrodystrophic breeds) and age. Results—Interobserver and intraobserver agreement for Pfirrmann grading of IVD degeneration were good (κ scores, 0.81 to 0.93). An increase in the extent of disk degeneration was positively correlated with increases in age and with chondrodystrophic breed. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The Pfirrmann system was reliably used to grade IVD degeneration in dogs of various breeds and ages. An increase in the extent of IVD degeneration was positively correlated with increases in age and with chondrodystrophic-type dogs.</description><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Animal and Dairy Science</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>breeds</subject><subject>correlation</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - pathology</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>humans</subject><subject>Husdjursvetenskap</subject><subject>image analysis</subject><subject>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</subject><subject>Intervertebral Disc - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Intervertebral Disc - pathology</subject><subject>Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - pathology</subject><subject>Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - veterinary</subject><subject>intervertebral disks</subject><subject>magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - instrumentation</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - veterinary</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Netherlands</subject><subject>Observer Variation</subject><subject>Pedigree</subject><subject>Radiography</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Spine - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Spine - pathology</subject><subject>Veterinary Science</subject><subject>Veterinärmedicin</subject><issn>0002-9645</issn><issn>1943-5681</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNplkU1v1DAQQCMEokvhyBV845TFdvwRH1FVClIlkNqerUk8ybpk7cVOdrV_rb-OpFsqJE4-zJs3kl9RvGd0zYWin-F-n9aar_W6NtWLYsWMqEqpavayWFFKeWmUkGfFm5zvKWW8ZvJ1ccaZ5nUtzKp4uNzDMMHoYyCxIz6MmPaYRmwSDMT5_Is47DFgOjE-kHYTg0vRHfOY4m7jWwLBkRDD_wMX-0yaI5kyLvafnU9pCyGQPoHzoX88uYUeM4nNCD6gIwc_bsgQD2XncXBkngYcZ1fCHAOEFh835uW3xasOhozvnt7z4vbr5e3Ft_L6x9X3iy_XZVuZaiyNpjWAaoSQjhoDDZcNbaFtVYNKdpVm2ghhal4hagdaAgi3fCAo7pyqzovypM0H3E2N3aX5fjraCN7mYWogLY_NaIWSfOE_nfhdir8nzKPd-tziMEDAOGVbaynMXOIfc5tizgm7Zzejdolrl7hWc6vtHHfmPzyZp2aL7pn-W3MGPp6ADqKFPvls7244ZXIuLyujWPUHMdmw1A</recordid><startdate>20110701</startdate><enddate>20110701</enddate><creator>Bergknut, Niklas</creator><creator>Auriemma, Edoardo</creator><creator>Wijsman, Saffiera</creator><creator>Voorhout, George</creator><creator>Hagman, Ragnvi</creator><creator>Lagerstedt, Anne-Sofie</creator><creator>Hazewinkel, Herman A.W</creator><creator>Meij, Bjorn P</creator><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110701</creationdate><title>Evaluation of intervertebral disk degeneration in chondrodystrophic and nonchondrodystrophic dogs by use of Pfirrmann grading of images obtained with low-field magnetic resonance imaging</title><author>Bergknut, Niklas ; Auriemma, Edoardo ; Wijsman, Saffiera ; Voorhout, George ; Hagman, Ragnvi ; Lagerstedt, Anne-Sofie ; Hazewinkel, Herman A.W ; Meij, Bjorn P</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-9708aa6b445d099ab25b0cacc6be65f37179449823ee7da75aa4d5681a62dd63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Animal and Dairy Science</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>breeds</topic><topic>correlation</topic><topic>Dog Diseases - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Dog Diseases - pathology</topic><topic>Dogs</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>humans</topic><topic>Husdjursvetenskap</topic><topic>image analysis</topic><topic>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</topic><topic>Intervertebral Disc - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Intervertebral Disc - pathology</topic><topic>Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - pathology</topic><topic>Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - veterinary</topic><topic>intervertebral disks</topic><topic>magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - instrumentation</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - veterinary</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Netherlands</topic><topic>Observer Variation</topic><topic>Pedigree</topic><topic>Radiography</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Severity of Illness Index</topic><topic>Spine - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Spine - pathology</topic><topic>Veterinary Science</topic><topic>Veterinärmedicin</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bergknut, Niklas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Auriemma, Edoardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wijsman, Saffiera</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Voorhout, George</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hagman, Ragnvi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lagerstedt, Anne-Sofie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hazewinkel, Herman A.W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meij, Bjorn P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><jtitle>American journal of veterinary research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bergknut, Niklas</au><au>Auriemma, Edoardo</au><au>Wijsman, Saffiera</au><au>Voorhout, George</au><au>Hagman, Ragnvi</au><au>Lagerstedt, Anne-Sofie</au><au>Hazewinkel, Herman A.W</au><au>Meij, Bjorn P</au><aucorp>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluation of intervertebral disk degeneration in chondrodystrophic and nonchondrodystrophic dogs by use of Pfirrmann grading of images obtained with low-field magnetic resonance imaging</atitle><jtitle>American journal of veterinary research</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Vet Res</addtitle><date>2011-07-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>72</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>893</spage><epage>898</epage><pages>893-898</pages><issn>0002-9645</issn><eissn>1943-5681</eissn><abstract>Objective—To assess whether the Pfirrmann system for grading lumbar intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration in humans can also be used in dogs. Animals—202 dogs. Procedures—Magnetic resonance imaging was used to obtain images of vertebral segments from dogs, which were reviewed separately by 3 observers who graded the extent of degeneration in each visible IVD by use of the Pfirrmann classification system used for grading lumbar IVD degeneration in humans. Grading was validated against 2 factors associated with the extent of disk degeneration: type of dog (chondrodystrophic or nonchondrodystrophic breeds) and age. Results—Interobserver and intraobserver agreement for Pfirrmann grading of IVD degeneration were good (κ scores, 0.81 to 0.93). An increase in the extent of disk degeneration was positively correlated with increases in age and with chondrodystrophic breed. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The Pfirrmann system was reliably used to grade IVD degeneration in dogs of various breeds and ages. An increase in the extent of IVD degeneration was positively correlated with increases in age and with chondrodystrophic-type dogs.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pmid>21728849</pmid><doi>10.2460/ajvr.72.7.893</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | American journal of veterinary research, 2011-07, Vol.72 (7), p.893-898 |
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| subjects | Age Factors Animal and Dairy Science Animals breeds correlation Dog Diseases - diagnostic imaging Dog Diseases - pathology Dogs Female humans Husdjursvetenskap image analysis Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Intervertebral Disc - diagnostic imaging Intervertebral Disc - pathology Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - diagnostic imaging Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - pathology Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - veterinary intervertebral disks magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging - instrumentation Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods Magnetic Resonance Imaging - veterinary Male Netherlands Observer Variation Pedigree Radiography Reproducibility of Results Severity of Illness Index Spine - diagnostic imaging Spine - pathology Veterinary Science Veterinärmedicin |
| title | Evaluation of intervertebral disk degeneration in chondrodystrophic and nonchondrodystrophic dogs by use of Pfirrmann grading of images obtained with low-field magnetic resonance imaging |
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