Small‐scale resource tracking in a population of a long‐lived insect
How plant‐feeding insects distribute themselves and utilize their host plant resources is still poorly understood. Several processes may be involved, and their relative roles may vary with the spatial scale considered. Herein, we investigate small‐scale patterns, namely how population density of a g...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Ecology and evolution 2012-11, Vol.2 (11), p.2659-2668 |
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| creator | Widenfalk, Olof Solbreck, Christer Bergeå, Hanna L. |
| description | How plant‐feeding insects distribute themselves and utilize their host plant resources is still poorly understood. Several processes may be involved, and their relative roles may vary with the spatial scale considered. Herein, we investigate small‐scale patterns, namely how population density of a gall midge is affected by individual growth form, phenology, and microsite characteristics of its herb host. The long‐lived plant individuals vary much with regard to number of shoots, flower abundance, and flowering phenology. This variation is connected to site characteristics, primarily the degree of sun exposure. The monophagous insect galls the flowers of the host plant – an easily defined food resource. It is a poor disperser, but very long‐lived; diapausing larvae can stay in the soil for many years. Galls were censused on individual plants during 5 years; from a peak to a low in gall population density. Only a very small fraction of the flowers produced ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/ece3.378 |
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What determines gall density on herb individuals? Plant size is the main factor, but contrary to expectations gall density decreases strongly with plant size. There are also weak indirect effects of sun exposure via flowering phenology.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-7758</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-7758</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/ece3.378</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23170203</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Animal behavior ; Ecology ; Ekologi ; Exploitation ; Exposure ; Flowering ; Flowering pattern ; Flowers ; Flowers & plants ; Food plants ; Galls ; Host plants ; Insects ; Larvae ; Original Research ; Phenology ; Plant resistance ; Plant resources ; Plants (botany) ; Population density ; Population growth ; prolonged diapause ; Regression analysis ; resource exploitation ; Shoots ; small scale patchiness ; Sun ; white swallow‐wort</subject><ispartof>Ecology and evolution, 2012-11, Vol.2 (11), p.2659-2668</ispartof><rights>2012 The Authors. published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd.</rights><rights>2012. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2012 Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5098-39d7558952958229b98102c962487df28fd255b790eca2983abd4f7bf91fd04a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5098-39d7558952958229b98102c962487df28fd255b790eca2983abd4f7bf91fd04a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3501620/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3501620/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,1417,11562,27924,27925,45574,45575,46052,46476,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23170203$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://res.slu.se/id/publ/42449$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Widenfalk, Olof</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Solbreck, Christer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bergeå, Hanna L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</creatorcontrib><title>Small‐scale resource tracking in a population of a long‐lived insect</title><title>Ecology and evolution</title><addtitle>Ecol Evol</addtitle><description>How plant‐feeding insects distribute themselves and utilize their host plant resources is still poorly understood. Several processes may be involved, and their relative roles may vary with the spatial scale considered. Herein, we investigate small‐scale patterns, namely how population density of a gall midge is affected by individual growth form, phenology, and microsite characteristics of its herb host. The long‐lived plant individuals vary much with regard to number of shoots, flower abundance, and flowering phenology. This variation is connected to site characteristics, primarily the degree of sun exposure. The monophagous insect galls the flowers of the host plant – an easily defined food resource. It is a poor disperser, but very long‐lived; diapausing larvae can stay in the soil for many years. Galls were censused on individual plants during 5 years; from a peak to a low in gall population density. Only a very small fraction of the flowers produced (<0.5%) were galled even in the peak year. Nevertheless, most plant individuals had galls at least 1 year. In a stepwise multiple regression, plant size (number of shoots) was found to be the most important predictor of gall density (galls/flower). However, gall density decreased more than one order of magnitude over the plant size range observed. There was also a weak effect of plant phenology. Early flowering plants had lower gall densities than those starting later. Sun exposure had no direct effect on gall density, but a path analysis revealed indirect effects via the timing of flowering. Gall population change was highly synchronous in different parts of the study area with no significant decrease in synchrony with distance.
What determines gall density on herb individuals? Plant size is the main factor, but contrary to expectations gall density decreases strongly with plant size. There are also weak indirect effects of sun exposure via flowering phenology.</description><subject>Animal behavior</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Ekologi</subject><subject>Exploitation</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Flowering</subject><subject>Flowering pattern</subject><subject>Flowers</subject><subject>Flowers & plants</subject><subject>Food plants</subject><subject>Galls</subject><subject>Host plants</subject><subject>Insects</subject><subject>Larvae</subject><subject>Original Research</subject><subject>Phenology</subject><subject>Plant resistance</subject><subject>Plant resources</subject><subject>Plants (botany)</subject><subject>Population density</subject><subject>Population growth</subject><subject>prolonged diapause</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>resource exploitation</subject><subject>Shoots</subject><subject>small scale patchiness</subject><subject>Sun</subject><subject>white swallow‐wort</subject><issn>2045-7758</issn><issn>2045-7758</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkd9KHDEUxoO0VFmFPkEZ6E1vRk-SySS5KZRlqwXBC9vrkMmcWWOzk22yo3jXR_AZfRKzaP1TKM3NScjvfMn5PkLeUzikAOwIHfJDLtUO2WPQiFpKod682O-Sg5wvoawWWAPyHdllnEpgwPfIyfnKhnD3-zY7G7BKmOOUHFabZN1PPy4rP1a2Wsf1FOzGx7GKQzmHOC5LT_BX2Bcio9vsk7eDDRkPHuuM_Pi6-D4_qU_Pjr_Nv5zWToBWNde9FEJpwbRQjOlOKwrM6ZY1SvYDU0PPhOikBnSWacVt1zeD7AZNhx4ay2ekftDN17ieOrNOfmXTjYnWmxymzqZtMRlNw5pGF_7zA1_gFfYOxzJaeNX2-mb0F2YZrwwXQNvi0Yx8ehRI8deEeWNWPjsMwY4Yp2yopEy0xX_6f5SqVrNWQlvQj3-hl8X4sThniiugFICWz4IuxZwTDk__pmC24Ztt-KY8XtAPL-d8Av9E_WzctQ94808hs5gv-FbwHtVMuQY</recordid><startdate>201211</startdate><enddate>201211</enddate><creator>Widenfalk, Olof</creator><creator>Solbreck, Christer</creator><creator>Bergeå, Hanna L.</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7U6</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201211</creationdate><title>Small‐scale resource tracking in a population of a long‐lived insect</title><author>Widenfalk, Olof ; 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Several processes may be involved, and their relative roles may vary with the spatial scale considered. Herein, we investigate small‐scale patterns, namely how population density of a gall midge is affected by individual growth form, phenology, and microsite characteristics of its herb host. The long‐lived plant individuals vary much with regard to number of shoots, flower abundance, and flowering phenology. This variation is connected to site characteristics, primarily the degree of sun exposure. The monophagous insect galls the flowers of the host plant – an easily defined food resource. It is a poor disperser, but very long‐lived; diapausing larvae can stay in the soil for many years. Galls were censused on individual plants during 5 years; from a peak to a low in gall population density. Only a very small fraction of the flowers produced (<0.5%) were galled even in the peak year. Nevertheless, most plant individuals had galls at least 1 year. In a stepwise multiple regression, plant size (number of shoots) was found to be the most important predictor of gall density (galls/flower). However, gall density decreased more than one order of magnitude over the plant size range observed. There was also a weak effect of plant phenology. Early flowering plants had lower gall densities than those starting later. Sun exposure had no direct effect on gall density, but a path analysis revealed indirect effects via the timing of flowering. Gall population change was highly synchronous in different parts of the study area with no significant decrease in synchrony with distance.
What determines gall density on herb individuals? Plant size is the main factor, but contrary to expectations gall density decreases strongly with plant size. There are also weak indirect effects of sun exposure via flowering phenology.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>23170203</pmid><doi>10.1002/ece3.378</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animal behavior Ecology Ekologi Exploitation Exposure Flowering Flowering pattern Flowers Flowers & plants Food plants Galls Host plants Insects Larvae Original Research Phenology Plant resistance Plant resources Plants (botany) Population density Population growth prolonged diapause Regression analysis resource exploitation Shoots small scale patchiness Sun white swallow‐wort |
| title | Small‐scale resource tracking in a population of a long‐lived insect |
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