Plasma folate and total homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of myocardial infarction, independently of each other and of renal function
. Objectives. To investigate the relationship between plasma folate, vitamin B12 and total homocysteine concentrations, dietary intake of folate and vitamins B12, B6 and B2, and the risk of first acute myocardial infarction (MI). Design. Nested case‐referent study with up to 13 years of follow‐up....
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| creator | Van Guelpen, B. Hultdin, J. Johansson, I. Witthöft, C. Weinehall, L. Eliasson, M. Hallmans, G. Palmqvist, R. Jansson, J.‐H. Winkvist, A. |
| description | .
Objectives. To investigate the relationship between plasma folate, vitamin B12 and total homocysteine concentrations, dietary intake of folate and vitamins B12, B6 and B2, and the risk of first acute myocardial infarction (MI).
Design. Nested case‐referent study with up to 13 years of follow‐up.
Setting. The population‐based Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, with 73 879 participants at the time of case ascertainment.
Subjects. A total of 571 MI cases (406 men) and 1569 matched referents. Of the cases, 530 had plasma samples available, and 247 had dietary B‐vitamin intake data.
Results. Plasma concentrations of folate were inversely associated, and total homocysteine positively associated, with the risk of MI, independently of each other and of a number of established and novel cardiovascular risk factors, including renal function [multivariate odds ratio for highest vs. lowest quintile of folate 0.52 (95% CI 0.31–0.84), P for trend = 0.036, and homocysteine 1.92 (95% CI 1.20–3.09), P for trend = 0.006]. For plasma vitamin B12 concentrations, and vitamin B12, B6 and B2 intake, no clear risk relationship was apparent. Though not statistically significant, the results for folate intake were consistent with those for plasma concentrations.
Conclusions. In this large prospective study of a population without mandatory folic acid fortification, both folate and homocysteine were strongly associated with the risk of myocardial infarction, independently of each other and of renal function. Although randomized trials of folic acid supplementation are needed to determine causality, our findings highlight the potential importance of folate, or sources of folate, in incident cardiovascular disease. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2009.02077.x |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_swepu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_swepub_primary_oai_slubar_slu_se_28379</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>67500367</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5987-caf8b50f14fd7825d86d0d8e61647abba8f6522d649bce0ed4b96ed1312b0f513</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNks9u1DAQxiMEokvhFZAvcGqC7SR2ckGqyr-ionIArpZjj3e9OPHWTtjue_DAOLur5QSqD_Zo_PtmRqMvyxDBBUnnzbogJatzyltWUIzbAlPMeXH_KFucPh5nC9zWVc4ais-yZzGuMSYlZvhpdkZa2jZVyxfZ769Oxl4i450cAclBo9GP0qGV773axRHsAMjBL3ARyZCIGL2yidVoa8cVGleAgo0_kTeo33klg7ZJbgcjgxqtHy5SrGED6RpGt5s5kGqFfFKGfcOUCTAkkZmGveR59sRIF-HF8T3Pvn94_-3qU35z-_H66vImV3Xb8FxJ03Q1NqQymje01g3TWDfACKu47DrZGFZTqlnVdgow6KprGWhSEtphU5PyPMsPdeMWNlMnNsH2MuyEl1ZEN3UyzI-IIGhT8va__HLaiJRa7nGCKeE88Rf_5N_ZH5fCh6WY-knQum7ah-FumERNCK8S_vqAb4K_myCOordRgXNyAD9FwXiNccnmMZoDqIKPMYA5VSZYzH4SazHbRsy2EbOfxN5P4j5JXx57TF0P-q_waKAEvDoCMirpTJCDsvHEpTWkbbMycW8P3NY62D14APH59vrLHJZ_ABZE69U</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>67500367</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Plasma folate and total homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of myocardial infarction, independently of each other and of renal function</title><source>Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>IngentaConnect Free/Open Access Journals</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection)</source><creator>Van Guelpen, B. ; Hultdin, J. ; Johansson, I. ; Witthöft, C. ; Weinehall, L. ; Eliasson, M. ; Hallmans, G. ; Palmqvist, R. ; Jansson, J.‐H. ; Winkvist, A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Van Guelpen, B. ; Hultdin, J. ; Johansson, I. ; Witthöft, C. ; Weinehall, L. ; Eliasson, M. ; Hallmans, G. ; Palmqvist, R. ; Jansson, J.‐H. ; Winkvist, A. ; Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</creatorcontrib><description>.
Objectives. To investigate the relationship between plasma folate, vitamin B12 and total homocysteine concentrations, dietary intake of folate and vitamins B12, B6 and B2, and the risk of first acute myocardial infarction (MI).
Design. Nested case‐referent study with up to 13 years of follow‐up.
Setting. The population‐based Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, with 73 879 participants at the time of case ascertainment.
Subjects. A total of 571 MI cases (406 men) and 1569 matched referents. Of the cases, 530 had plasma samples available, and 247 had dietary B‐vitamin intake data.
Results. Plasma concentrations of folate were inversely associated, and total homocysteine positively associated, with the risk of MI, independently of each other and of a number of established and novel cardiovascular risk factors, including renal function [multivariate odds ratio for highest vs. lowest quintile of folate 0.52 (95% CI 0.31–0.84), P for trend = 0.036, and homocysteine 1.92 (95% CI 1.20–3.09), P for trend = 0.006]. For plasma vitamin B12 concentrations, and vitamin B12, B6 and B2 intake, no clear risk relationship was apparent. Though not statistically significant, the results for folate intake were consistent with those for plasma concentrations.
Conclusions. In this large prospective study of a population without mandatory folic acid fortification, both folate and homocysteine were strongly associated with the risk of myocardial infarction, independently of each other and of renal function. Although randomized trials of folic acid supplementation are needed to determine causality, our findings highlight the potential importance of folate, or sources of folate, in incident cardiovascular disease.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0954-6820</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1365-2796</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2796</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2009.02077.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19298497</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>acute myocardial infarction ; Adult ; Aged ; Biological and medical sciences ; blood ; Cardiology. Vascular system ; cardiovascular risk factors ; cobalamin ; Coronary heart disease ; Dietary Supplements ; etiology ; Female ; Folic Acid ; Folic Acid - blood ; Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi ; Follow-Up Studies ; Food Science ; General aspects ; Health Surveys ; Heart ; Homocysteine ; Homocysteine - blood ; Humans ; Livsmedelsvetenskap ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Infarction - blood ; Myocardial Infarction - etiology ; Natural Science ; Naturvetenskap ; Odds Ratio ; Prospective Studies ; Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology ; renal function ; Riboflavin ; Riboflavin - blood ; Risk ; Sex Distribution ; Sweden ; Vitamin B 12 ; Vitamin B 12 - blood ; Vitamin B 6 ; Vitamin B 6 - blood</subject><ispartof>Journal of internal medicine, 2009-08, Vol.266 (2), p.182-195</ispartof><rights>2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5987-caf8b50f14fd7825d86d0d8e61647abba8f6522d649bce0ed4b96ed1312b0f513</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5987-caf8b50f14fd7825d86d0d8e61647abba8f6522d649bce0ed4b96ed1312b0f513</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2796.2009.02077.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2796.2009.02077.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,1417,1433,27924,27925,45574,45575,46409,46833</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21731263$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19298497$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-51174$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-25589$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/102177$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://res.slu.se/id/publ/28379$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Van Guelpen, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hultdin, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johansson, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Witthöft, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weinehall, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eliasson, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hallmans, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palmqvist, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jansson, J.‐H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Winkvist, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</creatorcontrib><title>Plasma folate and total homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of myocardial infarction, independently of each other and of renal function</title><title>Journal of internal medicine</title><addtitle>J Intern Med</addtitle><description>.
Objectives. To investigate the relationship between plasma folate, vitamin B12 and total homocysteine concentrations, dietary intake of folate and vitamins B12, B6 and B2, and the risk of first acute myocardial infarction (MI).
Design. Nested case‐referent study with up to 13 years of follow‐up.
Setting. The population‐based Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, with 73 879 participants at the time of case ascertainment.
Subjects. A total of 571 MI cases (406 men) and 1569 matched referents. Of the cases, 530 had plasma samples available, and 247 had dietary B‐vitamin intake data.
Results. Plasma concentrations of folate were inversely associated, and total homocysteine positively associated, with the risk of MI, independently of each other and of a number of established and novel cardiovascular risk factors, including renal function [multivariate odds ratio for highest vs. lowest quintile of folate 0.52 (95% CI 0.31–0.84), P for trend = 0.036, and homocysteine 1.92 (95% CI 1.20–3.09), P for trend = 0.006]. For plasma vitamin B12 concentrations, and vitamin B12, B6 and B2 intake, no clear risk relationship was apparent. Though not statistically significant, the results for folate intake were consistent with those for plasma concentrations.
Conclusions. In this large prospective study of a population without mandatory folic acid fortification, both folate and homocysteine were strongly associated with the risk of myocardial infarction, independently of each other and of renal function. Although randomized trials of folic acid supplementation are needed to determine causality, our findings highlight the potential importance of folate, or sources of folate, in incident cardiovascular disease.</description><subject>acute myocardial infarction</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>blood</subject><subject>Cardiology. Vascular system</subject><subject>cardiovascular risk factors</subject><subject>cobalamin</subject><subject>Coronary heart disease</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>etiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Folic Acid</subject><subject>Folic Acid - blood</subject><subject>Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Food Science</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Health Surveys</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Homocysteine</subject><subject>Homocysteine - blood</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Livsmedelsvetenskap</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Myocardial Infarction</subject><subject>Myocardial Infarction - blood</subject><subject>Myocardial Infarction - etiology</subject><subject>Natural Science</subject><subject>Naturvetenskap</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology</subject><subject>renal function</subject><subject>Riboflavin</subject><subject>Riboflavin - blood</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Sex Distribution</subject><subject>Sweden</subject><subject>Vitamin B 12</subject><subject>Vitamin B 12 - blood</subject><subject>Vitamin B 6</subject><subject>Vitamin B 6 - blood</subject><issn>0954-6820</issn><issn>1365-2796</issn><issn>1365-2796</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNks9u1DAQxiMEokvhFZAvcGqC7SR2ckGqyr-ionIArpZjj3e9OPHWTtjue_DAOLur5QSqD_Zo_PtmRqMvyxDBBUnnzbogJatzyltWUIzbAlPMeXH_KFucPh5nC9zWVc4ais-yZzGuMSYlZvhpdkZa2jZVyxfZ769Oxl4i450cAclBo9GP0qGV773axRHsAMjBL3ARyZCIGL2yidVoa8cVGleAgo0_kTeo33klg7ZJbgcjgxqtHy5SrGED6RpGt5s5kGqFfFKGfcOUCTAkkZmGveR59sRIF-HF8T3Pvn94_-3qU35z-_H66vImV3Xb8FxJ03Q1NqQymje01g3TWDfACKu47DrZGFZTqlnVdgow6KprGWhSEtphU5PyPMsPdeMWNlMnNsH2MuyEl1ZEN3UyzI-IIGhT8va__HLaiJRa7nGCKeE88Rf_5N_ZH5fCh6WY-knQum7ah-FumERNCK8S_vqAb4K_myCOordRgXNyAD9FwXiNccnmMZoDqIKPMYA5VSZYzH4SazHbRsy2EbOfxN5P4j5JXx57TF0P-q_waKAEvDoCMirpTJCDsvHEpTWkbbMycW8P3NY62D14APH59vrLHJZ_ABZE69U</recordid><startdate>200908</startdate><enddate>200908</enddate><creator>Van Guelpen, B.</creator><creator>Hultdin, J.</creator><creator>Johansson, I.</creator><creator>Witthöft, C.</creator><creator>Weinehall, L.</creator><creator>Eliasson, M.</creator><creator>Hallmans, G.</creator><creator>Palmqvist, R.</creator><creator>Jansson, J.‐H.</creator><creator>Winkvist, A.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>D92</scope><scope>D93</scope><scope>F1U</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200908</creationdate><title>Plasma folate and total homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of myocardial infarction, independently of each other and of renal function</title><author>Van Guelpen, B. ; Hultdin, J. ; Johansson, I. ; Witthöft, C. ; Weinehall, L. ; Eliasson, M. ; Hallmans, G. ; Palmqvist, R. ; Jansson, J.‐H. ; Winkvist, A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5987-caf8b50f14fd7825d86d0d8e61647abba8f6522d649bce0ed4b96ed1312b0f513</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>acute myocardial infarction</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>blood</topic><topic>Cardiology. Vascular system</topic><topic>cardiovascular risk factors</topic><topic>cobalamin</topic><topic>Coronary heart disease</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements</topic><topic>etiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Folic Acid</topic><topic>Folic Acid - blood</topic><topic>Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Food Science</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Health Surveys</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Homocysteine</topic><topic>Homocysteine - blood</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Livsmedelsvetenskap</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Myocardial Infarction</topic><topic>Myocardial Infarction - blood</topic><topic>Myocardial Infarction - etiology</topic><topic>Natural Science</topic><topic>Naturvetenskap</topic><topic>Odds Ratio</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology</topic><topic>renal function</topic><topic>Riboflavin</topic><topic>Riboflavin - blood</topic><topic>Risk</topic><topic>Sex Distribution</topic><topic>Sweden</topic><topic>Vitamin B 12</topic><topic>Vitamin B 12 - blood</topic><topic>Vitamin B 6</topic><topic>Vitamin B 6 - blood</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Van Guelpen, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hultdin, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johansson, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Witthöft, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weinehall, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eliasson, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hallmans, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palmqvist, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jansson, J.‐H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Winkvist, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><collection>SWEPUB Linnéuniversitetet</collection><collection>SWEPUB Umeå universitet</collection><collection>SWEPUB Göteborgs universitet</collection><jtitle>Journal of internal medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Van Guelpen, B.</au><au>Hultdin, J.</au><au>Johansson, I.</au><au>Witthöft, C.</au><au>Weinehall, L.</au><au>Eliasson, M.</au><au>Hallmans, G.</au><au>Palmqvist, R.</au><au>Jansson, J.‐H.</au><au>Winkvist, A.</au><aucorp>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Plasma folate and total homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of myocardial infarction, independently of each other and of renal function</atitle><jtitle>Journal of internal medicine</jtitle><addtitle>J Intern Med</addtitle><date>2009-08</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>266</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>182</spage><epage>195</epage><pages>182-195</pages><issn>0954-6820</issn><issn>1365-2796</issn><eissn>1365-2796</eissn><abstract>.
Objectives. To investigate the relationship between plasma folate, vitamin B12 and total homocysteine concentrations, dietary intake of folate and vitamins B12, B6 and B2, and the risk of first acute myocardial infarction (MI).
Design. Nested case‐referent study with up to 13 years of follow‐up.
Setting. The population‐based Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, with 73 879 participants at the time of case ascertainment.
Subjects. A total of 571 MI cases (406 men) and 1569 matched referents. Of the cases, 530 had plasma samples available, and 247 had dietary B‐vitamin intake data.
Results. Plasma concentrations of folate were inversely associated, and total homocysteine positively associated, with the risk of MI, independently of each other and of a number of established and novel cardiovascular risk factors, including renal function [multivariate odds ratio for highest vs. lowest quintile of folate 0.52 (95% CI 0.31–0.84), P for trend = 0.036, and homocysteine 1.92 (95% CI 1.20–3.09), P for trend = 0.006]. For plasma vitamin B12 concentrations, and vitamin B12, B6 and B2 intake, no clear risk relationship was apparent. Though not statistically significant, the results for folate intake were consistent with those for plasma concentrations.
Conclusions. In this large prospective study of a population without mandatory folic acid fortification, both folate and homocysteine were strongly associated with the risk of myocardial infarction, independently of each other and of renal function. Although randomized trials of folic acid supplementation are needed to determine causality, our findings highlight the potential importance of folate, or sources of folate, in incident cardiovascular disease.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>19298497</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1365-2796.2009.02077.x</doi><tpages>14</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0954-6820 |
| ispartof | Journal of internal medicine, 2009-08, Vol.266 (2), p.182-195 |
| issn | 0954-6820 1365-2796 1365-2796 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_swepub_primary_oai_slubar_slu_se_28379 |
| source | Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals; MEDLINE; IngentaConnect Free/Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection) |
| subjects | acute myocardial infarction Adult Aged Biological and medical sciences blood Cardiology. Vascular system cardiovascular risk factors cobalamin Coronary heart disease Dietary Supplements etiology Female Folic Acid Folic Acid - blood Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi Follow-Up Studies Food Science General aspects Health Surveys Heart Homocysteine Homocysteine - blood Humans Livsmedelsvetenskap Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Myocardial Infarction Myocardial Infarction - blood Myocardial Infarction - etiology Natural Science Naturvetenskap Odds Ratio Prospective Studies Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology renal function Riboflavin Riboflavin - blood Risk Sex Distribution Sweden Vitamin B 12 Vitamin B 12 - blood Vitamin B 6 Vitamin B 6 - blood |
| title | Plasma folate and total homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of myocardial infarction, independently of each other and of renal function |
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