Climate, Hydrology, and Nutrients Control the Seasonality of Si Concentrations in Rivers
The seasonal behavior of fluvial dissolved silica (DSi) concentrations, termed DSi regime, mediates the timing of DSi delivery to downstream waters and thus governs river biogeochemical function and aquatic community condition. Previous work identified five distinct DSi regimes across rivers spannin...
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creator | Johnson, Keira Jankowski, Kathi Jo Carey, Joanna C. Sethna, Lienne R. Bush, Sidney A. McKnight, Diane McDowell, William H. Wymore, Adam S. Kortelainen, Pirkko Jones, Jeremy B. Lyon, Nicholas J. Laudon, Hjalmar Poste, Amanda E. Sullivan, Pamela L. |
description | The seasonal behavior of fluvial dissolved silica (DSi) concentrations, termed DSi regime, mediates the timing of DSi delivery to downstream waters and thus governs river biogeochemical function and aquatic community condition. Previous work identified five distinct DSi regimes across rivers spanning the Northern Hemisphere, with many rivers exhibiting multiple DSi regimes over time. Several potential drivers of DSi regime behavior have been identified at small scales, including climate, land cover, and lithology, and yet the large‐scale spatiotemporal controls on DSi regimes have not been identified. We evaluate the role of environmental variables on the behavior of DSi regimes in nearly 200 rivers across the Northern Hemisphere using random forest models. Our models aim to elucidate the controls that give rise to (a) average DSi regime behavior, (b) interannual variability in DSi regime behavior (i.e., Annual DSi regime), and (c) controls on DSi regime shape (i.e., minimum and maximum DSi concentrations). Average DSi regime behavior across the period of record was classified accurately 59% of the time, whereas Annual DSi regime behavior was classified accurately 80% of the time. Climate and primary productivity variables were important in predicting Average DSi regime behavior, whereas climate and hydrologic variables were important in predicting Annual DSi regime behavior. Median nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were important drivers of minimum and maximum DSi concentrations, indicating that these macronutrients may be important for seasonal DSi drawdown and rebound. Our findings demonstrate that fluctuations in climate, hydrology, and nutrient availability of rivers shape the temporal availability of fluvial DSi.
Plain Language Summary
The amount of dissolved silicon (DSi) in rivers is an important control on numerous ecological and biogeochemical processes, such as types of algae that bloom and rates of carbon sequestration. Compared to our knowledge of other nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, we have limited understanding of what controls the timing and concentration of DSi in rivers. Previous work identified five distinct seasonal patterns of DSi concentrations in rivers across the Northern Hemisphere; here we look at the environmental variables that control these seasonal patterns. We found that rivers often have one to five seasonal patterns over time due to interannual shifts in temperature, evapotranspiration, and streamflow. In |
doi_str_mv | 10.1029/2024JG008141 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_swepu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_swepub_primary_oai_slubar_slu_se_132662</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>3109551316</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2710-d083ed39affd932af4efd38602987d87a7357c2774efb9c360023e7286ec01703</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kF9LwzAUxYMoOObe_AABX9eZP2uSPkrRzTEUNgXfQtammlGbmaSOfntTKsMnn87lnt89cC4A1xjNMCLZLUFkvlogJPAcn4ERwSxLRMbw-WlO6SWYeL9HqKdYhvEIvOW1-VRBT-GyK52t7Xs3haop4VMbnNFN8DC3TYgODB8abrXytlG1CR20Fdya3i0i5lQwtvHQNHBjvrXzV-CiUrXXk18dg9eH-5d8mayfF4_53TopCMcoKZGguqSZqqoyo0RVc12VVLDYSPBScMVpyiPK436XFZQhRKjmRDBdIMwRHYPZkOuP-tDu5MHFPq6TVhnp63anXC_Sa4kpYYzEg5vh4ODsV6t9kHvbutjJS4pRlqaYYhap6UAVznrvdHUKxkj2_5Z__x1xOuBHU-vuX1auFpsFIQIj-gNM8ICK</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3109551316</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Climate, Hydrology, and Nutrients Control the Seasonality of Si Concentrations in Rivers</title><source>Wiley Journals</source><source>SWEPUB Freely available online</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Johnson, Keira ; Jankowski, Kathi Jo ; Carey, Joanna C. ; Sethna, Lienne R. ; Bush, Sidney A. ; McKnight, Diane ; McDowell, William H. ; Wymore, Adam S. ; Kortelainen, Pirkko ; Jones, Jeremy B. ; Lyon, Nicholas J. ; Laudon, Hjalmar ; Poste, Amanda E. ; Sullivan, Pamela L.</creator><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Keira ; Jankowski, Kathi Jo ; Carey, Joanna C. ; Sethna, Lienne R. ; Bush, Sidney A. ; McKnight, Diane ; McDowell, William H. ; Wymore, Adam S. ; Kortelainen, Pirkko ; Jones, Jeremy B. ; Lyon, Nicholas J. ; Laudon, Hjalmar ; Poste, Amanda E. ; Sullivan, Pamela L. ; Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</creatorcontrib><description>The seasonal behavior of fluvial dissolved silica (DSi) concentrations, termed DSi regime, mediates the timing of DSi delivery to downstream waters and thus governs river biogeochemical function and aquatic community condition. Previous work identified five distinct DSi regimes across rivers spanning the Northern Hemisphere, with many rivers exhibiting multiple DSi regimes over time. Several potential drivers of DSi regime behavior have been identified at small scales, including climate, land cover, and lithology, and yet the large‐scale spatiotemporal controls on DSi regimes have not been identified. We evaluate the role of environmental variables on the behavior of DSi regimes in nearly 200 rivers across the Northern Hemisphere using random forest models. Our models aim to elucidate the controls that give rise to (a) average DSi regime behavior, (b) interannual variability in DSi regime behavior (i.e., Annual DSi regime), and (c) controls on DSi regime shape (i.e., minimum and maximum DSi concentrations). Average DSi regime behavior across the period of record was classified accurately 59% of the time, whereas Annual DSi regime behavior was classified accurately 80% of the time. Climate and primary productivity variables were important in predicting Average DSi regime behavior, whereas climate and hydrologic variables were important in predicting Annual DSi regime behavior. Median nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were important drivers of minimum and maximum DSi concentrations, indicating that these macronutrients may be important for seasonal DSi drawdown and rebound. Our findings demonstrate that fluctuations in climate, hydrology, and nutrient availability of rivers shape the temporal availability of fluvial DSi.
Plain Language Summary
The amount of dissolved silicon (DSi) in rivers is an important control on numerous ecological and biogeochemical processes, such as types of algae that bloom and rates of carbon sequestration. Compared to our knowledge of other nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, we have limited understanding of what controls the timing and concentration of DSi in rivers. Previous work identified five distinct seasonal patterns of DSi concentrations in rivers across the Northern Hemisphere; here we look at the environmental variables that control these seasonal patterns. We found that rivers often have one to five seasonal patterns over time due to interannual shifts in temperature, evapotranspiration, and streamflow. In addition, we found that the average shape of the seasonal pattern for a given river, specifically minimum and maximum DSi concentrations, was related to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations, highlighting linkages between N, P, and DSi cycling in rivers. This work identifies why river DSi concentrations exhibit both within and between year variability, highlighting that temperature, streamflow, and nutrient availability control the timing of river DSi availability for biological uptake.
Key Points
Seasonal variations in annual riverine dissolved silica concentrations (DSi regime) were correctly classified 80% of the time
Climate and primary productivity emerge as the most important drivers in differentiating among average DSi regimes
Median nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations strongly predicted minimum and maximum DSi concentration, regardless of regime type</description><identifier>ISSN: 2169-8953</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2169-8961</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2169-8961</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1029/2024JG008141</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Algae ; Annual variations ; Aquatic communities ; Availability ; Biogeochemistry ; Biological uptake ; Carbon sequestration ; Climate ; climate change ; Climate prediction ; Drawdown ; Evapotranspiration ; Fysisk geografi ; Hydrology ; Land cover ; Lithology ; Nitrogen ; Northern Hemisphere ; Nutrient availability ; Nutrients ; Phosphorus ; Physical Geography ; Primary production ; random forest ; Random variables ; regime ; Rivers ; Seasonal variations ; Seasonality ; Shape ; Silica ; Silicon ; Stream discharge ; Stream flow ; Variability ; watershed</subject><ispartof>Journal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences, 2024-09, Vol.129 (9), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>Published 2024. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Geophysical Union.</rights><rights>Published 2024. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Geophysical Union. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2710-d083ed39affd932af4efd38602987d87a7357c2774efb9c360023e7286ec01703</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3292-4182 ; 0000-0002-8739-9047 ; 0000-0003-3905-1078 ; 0000-0001-8780-8501 ; 0000-0001-6058-1466 ; 0000-0003-2365-9185 ; 0000-0002-4171-1533 ; 0000-0003-1156-172X ; 0000-0002-6725-916X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029%2F2024JG008141$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029%2F2024JG008141$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,552,780,784,885,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://res.slu.se/id/publ/132662$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Keira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jankowski, Kathi Jo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carey, Joanna C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sethna, Lienne R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bush, Sidney A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKnight, Diane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McDowell, William H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wymore, Adam S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kortelainen, Pirkko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Jeremy B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lyon, Nicholas J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laudon, Hjalmar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poste, Amanda E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sullivan, Pamela L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</creatorcontrib><title>Climate, Hydrology, and Nutrients Control the Seasonality of Si Concentrations in Rivers</title><title>Journal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences</title><description>The seasonal behavior of fluvial dissolved silica (DSi) concentrations, termed DSi regime, mediates the timing of DSi delivery to downstream waters and thus governs river biogeochemical function and aquatic community condition. Previous work identified five distinct DSi regimes across rivers spanning the Northern Hemisphere, with many rivers exhibiting multiple DSi regimes over time. Several potential drivers of DSi regime behavior have been identified at small scales, including climate, land cover, and lithology, and yet the large‐scale spatiotemporal controls on DSi regimes have not been identified. We evaluate the role of environmental variables on the behavior of DSi regimes in nearly 200 rivers across the Northern Hemisphere using random forest models. Our models aim to elucidate the controls that give rise to (a) average DSi regime behavior, (b) interannual variability in DSi regime behavior (i.e., Annual DSi regime), and (c) controls on DSi regime shape (i.e., minimum and maximum DSi concentrations). Average DSi regime behavior across the period of record was classified accurately 59% of the time, whereas Annual DSi regime behavior was classified accurately 80% of the time. Climate and primary productivity variables were important in predicting Average DSi regime behavior, whereas climate and hydrologic variables were important in predicting Annual DSi regime behavior. Median nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were important drivers of minimum and maximum DSi concentrations, indicating that these macronutrients may be important for seasonal DSi drawdown and rebound. Our findings demonstrate that fluctuations in climate, hydrology, and nutrient availability of rivers shape the temporal availability of fluvial DSi.
Plain Language Summary
The amount of dissolved silicon (DSi) in rivers is an important control on numerous ecological and biogeochemical processes, such as types of algae that bloom and rates of carbon sequestration. Compared to our knowledge of other nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, we have limited understanding of what controls the timing and concentration of DSi in rivers. Previous work identified five distinct seasonal patterns of DSi concentrations in rivers across the Northern Hemisphere; here we look at the environmental variables that control these seasonal patterns. We found that rivers often have one to five seasonal patterns over time due to interannual shifts in temperature, evapotranspiration, and streamflow. In addition, we found that the average shape of the seasonal pattern for a given river, specifically minimum and maximum DSi concentrations, was related to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations, highlighting linkages between N, P, and DSi cycling in rivers. This work identifies why river DSi concentrations exhibit both within and between year variability, highlighting that temperature, streamflow, and nutrient availability control the timing of river DSi availability for biological uptake.
Key Points
Seasonal variations in annual riverine dissolved silica concentrations (DSi regime) were correctly classified 80% of the time
Climate and primary productivity emerge as the most important drivers in differentiating among average DSi regimes
Median nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations strongly predicted minimum and maximum DSi concentration, regardless of regime type</description><subject>Algae</subject><subject>Annual variations</subject><subject>Aquatic communities</subject><subject>Availability</subject><subject>Biogeochemistry</subject><subject>Biological uptake</subject><subject>Carbon sequestration</subject><subject>Climate</subject><subject>climate change</subject><subject>Climate prediction</subject><subject>Drawdown</subject><subject>Evapotranspiration</subject><subject>Fysisk geografi</subject><subject>Hydrology</subject><subject>Land cover</subject><subject>Lithology</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Northern Hemisphere</subject><subject>Nutrient availability</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Phosphorus</subject><subject>Physical Geography</subject><subject>Primary production</subject><subject>random forest</subject><subject>Random variables</subject><subject>regime</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Seasonal variations</subject><subject>Seasonality</subject><subject>Shape</subject><subject>Silica</subject><subject>Silicon</subject><subject>Stream discharge</subject><subject>Stream flow</subject><subject>Variability</subject><subject>watershed</subject><issn>2169-8953</issn><issn>2169-8961</issn><issn>2169-8961</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><sourceid>D8T</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kF9LwzAUxYMoOObe_AABX9eZP2uSPkrRzTEUNgXfQtammlGbmaSOfntTKsMnn87lnt89cC4A1xjNMCLZLUFkvlogJPAcn4ERwSxLRMbw-WlO6SWYeL9HqKdYhvEIvOW1-VRBT-GyK52t7Xs3haop4VMbnNFN8DC3TYgODB8abrXytlG1CR20Fdya3i0i5lQwtvHQNHBjvrXzV-CiUrXXk18dg9eH-5d8mayfF4_53TopCMcoKZGguqSZqqoyo0RVc12VVLDYSPBScMVpyiPK436XFZQhRKjmRDBdIMwRHYPZkOuP-tDu5MHFPq6TVhnp63anXC_Sa4kpYYzEg5vh4ODsV6t9kHvbutjJS4pRlqaYYhap6UAVznrvdHUKxkj2_5Z__x1xOuBHU-vuX1auFpsFIQIj-gNM8ICK</recordid><startdate>202409</startdate><enddate>202409</enddate><creator>Johnson, Keira</creator><creator>Jankowski, Kathi Jo</creator><creator>Carey, Joanna C.</creator><creator>Sethna, Lienne R.</creator><creator>Bush, Sidney A.</creator><creator>McKnight, Diane</creator><creator>McDowell, William H.</creator><creator>Wymore, Adam S.</creator><creator>Kortelainen, Pirkko</creator><creator>Jones, Jeremy B.</creator><creator>Lyon, Nicholas J.</creator><creator>Laudon, Hjalmar</creator><creator>Poste, Amanda E.</creator><creator>Sullivan, Pamela L.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>D8T</scope><scope>ZZAVC</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-4182</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8739-9047</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3905-1078</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8780-8501</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6058-1466</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-9185</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4171-1533</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1156-172X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6725-916X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202409</creationdate><title>Climate, Hydrology, and Nutrients Control the Seasonality of Si Concentrations in Rivers</title><author>Johnson, Keira ; Jankowski, Kathi Jo ; Carey, Joanna C. ; Sethna, Lienne R. ; Bush, Sidney A. ; McKnight, Diane ; McDowell, William H. ; Wymore, Adam S. ; Kortelainen, Pirkko ; Jones, Jeremy B. ; Lyon, Nicholas J. ; Laudon, Hjalmar ; Poste, Amanda E. ; Sullivan, Pamela L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2710-d083ed39affd932af4efd38602987d87a7357c2774efb9c360023e7286ec01703</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Algae</topic><topic>Annual variations</topic><topic>Aquatic communities</topic><topic>Availability</topic><topic>Biogeochemistry</topic><topic>Biological uptake</topic><topic>Carbon sequestration</topic><topic>Climate</topic><topic>climate change</topic><topic>Climate prediction</topic><topic>Drawdown</topic><topic>Evapotranspiration</topic><topic>Fysisk geografi</topic><topic>Hydrology</topic><topic>Land cover</topic><topic>Lithology</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Northern Hemisphere</topic><topic>Nutrient availability</topic><topic>Nutrients</topic><topic>Phosphorus</topic><topic>Physical Geography</topic><topic>Primary production</topic><topic>random forest</topic><topic>Random variables</topic><topic>regime</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Seasonal variations</topic><topic>Seasonality</topic><topic>Shape</topic><topic>Silica</topic><topic>Silicon</topic><topic>Stream discharge</topic><topic>Stream flow</topic><topic>Variability</topic><topic>watershed</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Keira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jankowski, Kathi Jo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carey, Joanna C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sethna, Lienne R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bush, Sidney A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKnight, Diane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McDowell, William H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wymore, Adam S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kortelainen, Pirkko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Jeremy B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lyon, Nicholas J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laudon, Hjalmar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poste, Amanda E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sullivan, Pamela L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><collection>SWEPUB Freely available online</collection><collection>SwePub Articles full text</collection><jtitle>Journal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Johnson, Keira</au><au>Jankowski, Kathi Jo</au><au>Carey, Joanna C.</au><au>Sethna, Lienne R.</au><au>Bush, Sidney A.</au><au>McKnight, Diane</au><au>McDowell, William H.</au><au>Wymore, Adam S.</au><au>Kortelainen, Pirkko</au><au>Jones, Jeremy B.</au><au>Lyon, Nicholas J.</au><au>Laudon, Hjalmar</au><au>Poste, Amanda E.</au><au>Sullivan, Pamela L.</au><aucorp>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Climate, Hydrology, and Nutrients Control the Seasonality of Si Concentrations in Rivers</atitle><jtitle>Journal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences</jtitle><date>2024-09</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>129</volume><issue>9</issue><epage>n/a</epage><issn>2169-8953</issn><issn>2169-8961</issn><eissn>2169-8961</eissn><abstract>The seasonal behavior of fluvial dissolved silica (DSi) concentrations, termed DSi regime, mediates the timing of DSi delivery to downstream waters and thus governs river biogeochemical function and aquatic community condition. Previous work identified five distinct DSi regimes across rivers spanning the Northern Hemisphere, with many rivers exhibiting multiple DSi regimes over time. Several potential drivers of DSi regime behavior have been identified at small scales, including climate, land cover, and lithology, and yet the large‐scale spatiotemporal controls on DSi regimes have not been identified. We evaluate the role of environmental variables on the behavior of DSi regimes in nearly 200 rivers across the Northern Hemisphere using random forest models. Our models aim to elucidate the controls that give rise to (a) average DSi regime behavior, (b) interannual variability in DSi regime behavior (i.e., Annual DSi regime), and (c) controls on DSi regime shape (i.e., minimum and maximum DSi concentrations). Average DSi regime behavior across the period of record was classified accurately 59% of the time, whereas Annual DSi regime behavior was classified accurately 80% of the time. Climate and primary productivity variables were important in predicting Average DSi regime behavior, whereas climate and hydrologic variables were important in predicting Annual DSi regime behavior. Median nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were important drivers of minimum and maximum DSi concentrations, indicating that these macronutrients may be important for seasonal DSi drawdown and rebound. Our findings demonstrate that fluctuations in climate, hydrology, and nutrient availability of rivers shape the temporal availability of fluvial DSi.
Plain Language Summary
The amount of dissolved silicon (DSi) in rivers is an important control on numerous ecological and biogeochemical processes, such as types of algae that bloom and rates of carbon sequestration. Compared to our knowledge of other nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, we have limited understanding of what controls the timing and concentration of DSi in rivers. Previous work identified five distinct seasonal patterns of DSi concentrations in rivers across the Northern Hemisphere; here we look at the environmental variables that control these seasonal patterns. We found that rivers often have one to five seasonal patterns over time due to interannual shifts in temperature, evapotranspiration, and streamflow. In addition, we found that the average shape of the seasonal pattern for a given river, specifically minimum and maximum DSi concentrations, was related to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations, highlighting linkages between N, P, and DSi cycling in rivers. This work identifies why river DSi concentrations exhibit both within and between year variability, highlighting that temperature, streamflow, and nutrient availability control the timing of river DSi availability for biological uptake.
Key Points
Seasonal variations in annual riverine dissolved silica concentrations (DSi regime) were correctly classified 80% of the time
Climate and primary productivity emerge as the most important drivers in differentiating among average DSi regimes
Median nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations strongly predicted minimum and maximum DSi concentration, regardless of regime type</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1029/2024JG008141</doi><tpages>21</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-4182</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8739-9047</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3905-1078</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8780-8501</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6058-1466</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-9185</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4171-1533</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1156-172X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6725-916X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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source | Wiley Journals; SWEPUB Freely available online; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
subjects | Algae Annual variations Aquatic communities Availability Biogeochemistry Biological uptake Carbon sequestration Climate climate change Climate prediction Drawdown Evapotranspiration Fysisk geografi Hydrology Land cover Lithology Nitrogen Northern Hemisphere Nutrient availability Nutrients Phosphorus Physical Geography Primary production random forest Random variables regime Rivers Seasonal variations Seasonality Shape Silica Silicon Stream discharge Stream flow Variability watershed |
title | Climate, Hydrology, and Nutrients Control the Seasonality of Si Concentrations in Rivers |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-25T18%3A06%3A12IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_swepu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Climate,%20Hydrology,%20and%20Nutrients%20Control%20the%20Seasonality%20of%20Si%20Concentrations%20in%20Rivers&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20geophysical%20research.%20Biogeosciences&rft.au=Johnson,%20Keira&rft.aucorp=Sveriges%20lantbruksuniversitet&rft.date=2024-09&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=9&rft.epage=n/a&rft.issn=2169-8953&rft.eissn=2169-8961&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029/2024JG008141&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_swepu%3E3109551316%3C/proquest_swepu%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3109551316&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |