Geographical Distribution of Ljungan Virus in Small Mammals in Europe

Ljungan virus (LV), which belongs to the Parechovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family, was first isolated from bank voles ( Myodes glareolus ) in Sweden in 1998 and proposed as a zoonotic agent. To improve knowledge of the host association and geographical distribution of LV, tissues from 1685 an...

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Veröffentlicht in:Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2020-09, Vol.20 (9), p.692-702
Hauptverfasser: Fevola, Cristina, Rossi, Chiara, Rosso, Fausta, Girardi, Matteo, Rosà, Roberto, Manica, Mattia, Delucchi, Luca, Rocchini, Duccio, Garzon-Lopez, Carol X, Arnoldi, Daniele, Bianchi, Alessandro, Buzan, Elena, Charbonnel, Nathalie, Collini, Margherita, Ďureje, L'udovít, Ecke, Frauke, Ferrari, Nicola, Fischer, Stefan, Gillingham, Emma L, Hörnfeldt, Birger, Kazimírová, Mária, Konečný, Adam, Maas, Miriam, Magnusson, Magnus, Miller, Andrea, Niemimaa, Jukka, Nordström, Åke, Obiegala, Anna, Olsson, Gert, Pedrini, Paolo, Piálek, Jaroslav, Reusken, Chantal B, Rizzolli, Franco, Romeo, Claudia, Silaghi, Cornelia, Sironen, Tarja, Stanko, Michal, Tagliapietra, Valentina, Ulrich, Rainer G, Vapalahti, Olli, Voutilainen, Liina, Wauters, Lucas, Rizzoli, Annapaola, Vaheri, Antti, Jääskeläinen, Anne J, Henttonen, Heikki, Hauffe, Heidi C
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container_issue 9
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container_title Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)
container_volume 20
creator Fevola, Cristina
Rossi, Chiara
Rosso, Fausta
Girardi, Matteo
Rosà, Roberto
Manica, Mattia
Delucchi, Luca
Rocchini, Duccio
Garzon-Lopez, Carol X
Arnoldi, Daniele
Bianchi, Alessandro
Buzan, Elena
Charbonnel, Nathalie
Collini, Margherita
Ďureje, L'udovít
Ecke, Frauke
Ferrari, Nicola
Fischer, Stefan
Gillingham, Emma L
Hörnfeldt, Birger
Kazimírová, Mária
Konečný, Adam
Maas, Miriam
Magnusson, Magnus
Miller, Andrea
Niemimaa, Jukka
Nordström, Åke
Obiegala, Anna
Olsson, Gert
Pedrini, Paolo
Piálek, Jaroslav
Reusken, Chantal B
Rizzolli, Franco
Romeo, Claudia
Silaghi, Cornelia
Sironen, Tarja
Stanko, Michal
Tagliapietra, Valentina
Ulrich, Rainer G
Vapalahti, Olli
Voutilainen, Liina
Wauters, Lucas
Rizzoli, Annapaola
Vaheri, Antti
Jääskeläinen, Anne J
Henttonen, Heikki
Hauffe, Heidi C
description Ljungan virus (LV), which belongs to the Parechovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family, was first isolated from bank voles ( Myodes glareolus ) in Sweden in 1998 and proposed as a zoonotic agent. To improve knowledge of the host association and geographical distribution of LV, tissues from 1685 animals belonging to multiple rodent and insectivore species from 12 European countries were screened for LV-RNA using reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. In addition, we investigated how the prevalence of LV-RNA in bank voles is associated with various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. We show that LV is widespread geographically, having been detected in at least one host species in nine European countries. Twelve out of 21 species screened were LV-RNA PCR positive, including, for the first time, the red vole ( Myodes rutilus ) and the root or tundra vole ( Alexandromys formerly Microtus oeconomus ), as well as in insectivores, including the bicolored white-toothed shrew ( Crocidura leucodon ) and the Valais shrew ( Sorex antinorii ). Results indicated that bank voles are the main rodent host for this virus (overall RT-PCR prevalence: 15.2%). Linear modeling of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could impact LV prevalence showed a concave-down relationship between body mass and LV occurrence, so that subadults had the highest LV positivity, but LV in older animals was less prevalent. Also, LV prevalence was higher in autumn and lower in spring, and the amount of precipitation recorded during the 6 months preceding the trapping date was negatively correlated with the presence of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis on the 185 base pair species-specific sequence of the 5′ untranslated region identified high genetic diversity (46.5%) between 80 haplotypes, although no geographical or host-specific patterns of diversity were detected.
doi_str_mv 10.1089/vbz.2019.2542
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To improve knowledge of the host association and geographical distribution of LV, tissues from 1685 animals belonging to multiple rodent and insectivore species from 12 European countries were screened for LV-RNA using reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. In addition, we investigated how the prevalence of LV-RNA in bank voles is associated with various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. We show that LV is widespread geographically, having been detected in at least one host species in nine European countries. Twelve out of 21 species screened were LV-RNA PCR positive, including, for the first time, the red vole ( Myodes rutilus ) and the root or tundra vole ( Alexandromys formerly Microtus oeconomus ), as well as in insectivores, including the bicolored white-toothed shrew ( Crocidura leucodon ) and the Valais shrew ( Sorex antinorii ). Results indicated that bank voles are the main rodent host for this virus (overall RT-PCR prevalence: 15.2%). Linear modeling of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could impact LV prevalence showed a concave-down relationship between body mass and LV occurrence, so that subadults had the highest LV positivity, but LV in older animals was less prevalent. Also, LV prevalence was higher in autumn and lower in spring, and the amount of precipitation recorded during the 6 months preceding the trapping date was negatively correlated with the presence of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis on the 185 base pair species-specific sequence of the 5′ untranslated region identified high genetic diversity (46.5%) between 80 haplotypes, although no geographical or host-specific patterns of diversity were detected.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1530-3667</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1557-7759</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1557-7759</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2019.2542</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32487013</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers</publisher><subject>5' Untranslated Regions ; Animal tissues ; Animals ; Body mass ; Body Weight ; Ecology ; Ekologi ; Europe - epidemiology ; Genetic diversity ; Geographical distribution ; Haplotypes ; Insectivora ; Insectivores ; Life Sciences ; Microbiology ; Microtus oeconomus ; Mikrobiologi ; Original Articles ; Parechovirus - classification ; Parechovirus - genetics ; Parechovirus - isolation &amp; purification ; Phylogeny ; Picornaviridae Infections - epidemiology ; Picornaviridae Infections - veterinary ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Ribonucleic acid ; RNA ; RNA-directed DNA polymerase ; Rodentia ; Rodents ; Seasons ; Species ; Species diversity ; Tundra ; Viruses</subject><ispartof>Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 2020-09, Vol.20 (9), p.692-702</ispartof><rights>2020, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers</rights><rights>Copyright Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 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To improve knowledge of the host association and geographical distribution of LV, tissues from 1685 animals belonging to multiple rodent and insectivore species from 12 European countries were screened for LV-RNA using reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. In addition, we investigated how the prevalence of LV-RNA in bank voles is associated with various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. We show that LV is widespread geographically, having been detected in at least one host species in nine European countries. Twelve out of 21 species screened were LV-RNA PCR positive, including, for the first time, the red vole ( Myodes rutilus ) and the root or tundra vole ( Alexandromys formerly Microtus oeconomus ), as well as in insectivores, including the bicolored white-toothed shrew ( Crocidura leucodon ) and the Valais shrew ( Sorex antinorii ). Results indicated that bank voles are the main rodent host for this virus (overall RT-PCR prevalence: 15.2%). Linear modeling of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could impact LV prevalence showed a concave-down relationship between body mass and LV occurrence, so that subadults had the highest LV positivity, but LV in older animals was less prevalent. Also, LV prevalence was higher in autumn and lower in spring, and the amount of precipitation recorded during the 6 months preceding the trapping date was negatively correlated with the presence of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis on the 185 base pair species-specific sequence of the 5′ untranslated region identified high genetic diversity (46.5%) between 80 haplotypes, although no geographical or host-specific patterns of diversity were detected.</description><subject>5' Untranslated Regions</subject><subject>Animal tissues</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Body Weight</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Ekologi</subject><subject>Europe - epidemiology</subject><subject>Genetic diversity</subject><subject>Geographical distribution</subject><subject>Haplotypes</subject><subject>Insectivora</subject><subject>Insectivores</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Microtus oeconomus</subject><subject>Mikrobiologi</subject><subject>Original Articles</subject><subject>Parechovirus - classification</subject><subject>Parechovirus - genetics</subject><subject>Parechovirus - isolation &amp; 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diversity</topic><topic>Tundra</topic><topic>Viruses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fevola, Cristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rossi, Chiara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosso, Fausta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Girardi, Matteo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosà, Roberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Manica, Mattia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Delucchi, Luca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rocchini, Duccio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garzon-Lopez, Carol X</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arnoldi, Daniele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bianchi, Alessandro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buzan, Elena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Charbonnel, Nathalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Collini, Margherita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ďureje, L'udovít</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ecke, Frauke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferrari, Nicola</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fischer, 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Valentina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ulrich, Rainer G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vapalahti, Olli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Voutilainen, Liina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wauters, Lucas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rizzoli, Annapaola</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vaheri, Antti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jääskeläinen, Anne J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Henttonen, Heikki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hauffe, Heidi C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><jtitle>Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fevola, Cristina</au><au>Rossi, Chiara</au><au>Rosso, Fausta</au><au>Girardi, Matteo</au><au>Rosà, Roberto</au><au>Manica, Mattia</au><au>Delucchi, Luca</au><au>Rocchini, Duccio</au><au>Garzon-Lopez, Carol X</au><au>Arnoldi, Daniele</au><au>Bianchi, Alessandro</au><au>Buzan, Elena</au><au>Charbonnel, Nathalie</au><au>Collini, Margherita</au><au>Ďureje, L'udovít</au><au>Ecke, Frauke</au><au>Ferrari, Nicola</au><au>Fischer, Stefan</au><au>Gillingham, Emma L</au><au>Hörnfeldt, Birger</au><au>Kazimírová, Mária</au><au>Konečný, Adam</au><au>Maas, Miriam</au><au>Magnusson, Magnus</au><au>Miller, Andrea</au><au>Niemimaa, Jukka</au><au>Nordström, Åke</au><au>Obiegala, Anna</au><au>Olsson, Gert</au><au>Pedrini, Paolo</au><au>Piálek, Jaroslav</au><au>Reusken, Chantal B</au><au>Rizzolli, Franco</au><au>Romeo, Claudia</au><au>Silaghi, Cornelia</au><au>Sironen, Tarja</au><au>Stanko, Michal</au><au>Tagliapietra, Valentina</au><au>Ulrich, Rainer G</au><au>Vapalahti, Olli</au><au>Voutilainen, Liina</au><au>Wauters, Lucas</au><au>Rizzoli, Annapaola</au><au>Vaheri, Antti</au><au>Jääskeläinen, Anne J</au><au>Henttonen, Heikki</au><au>Hauffe, Heidi C</au><aucorp>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Geographical Distribution of Ljungan Virus in Small Mammals in Europe</atitle><jtitle>Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)</jtitle><addtitle>Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis</addtitle><date>2020-09-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>692</spage><epage>702</epage><pages>692-702</pages><issn>1530-3667</issn><issn>1557-7759</issn><eissn>1557-7759</eissn><abstract>Ljungan virus (LV), which belongs to the Parechovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family, was first isolated from bank voles ( Myodes glareolus ) in Sweden in 1998 and proposed as a zoonotic agent. To improve knowledge of the host association and geographical distribution of LV, tissues from 1685 animals belonging to multiple rodent and insectivore species from 12 European countries were screened for LV-RNA using reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. In addition, we investigated how the prevalence of LV-RNA in bank voles is associated with various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. We show that LV is widespread geographically, having been detected in at least one host species in nine European countries. Twelve out of 21 species screened were LV-RNA PCR positive, including, for the first time, the red vole ( Myodes rutilus ) and the root or tundra vole ( Alexandromys formerly Microtus oeconomus ), as well as in insectivores, including the bicolored white-toothed shrew ( Crocidura leucodon ) and the Valais shrew ( Sorex antinorii ). Results indicated that bank voles are the main rodent host for this virus (overall RT-PCR prevalence: 15.2%). Linear modeling of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could impact LV prevalence showed a concave-down relationship between body mass and LV occurrence, so that subadults had the highest LV positivity, but LV in older animals was less prevalent. Also, LV prevalence was higher in autumn and lower in spring, and the amount of precipitation recorded during the 6 months preceding the trapping date was negatively correlated with the presence of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis on the 185 base pair species-specific sequence of the 5′ untranslated region identified high genetic diversity (46.5%) between 80 haplotypes, although no geographical or host-specific patterns of diversity were detected.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers</pub><pmid>32487013</pmid><doi>10.1089/vbz.2019.2542</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7907-6539</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0087-0594</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1530-3667
ispartof Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 2020-09, Vol.20 (9), p.692-702
issn 1530-3667
1557-7759
1557-7759
language eng
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source MEDLINE; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects 5' Untranslated Regions
Animal tissues
Animals
Body mass
Body Weight
Ecology
Ekologi
Europe - epidemiology
Genetic diversity
Geographical distribution
Haplotypes
Insectivora
Insectivores
Life Sciences
Microbiology
Microtus oeconomus
Mikrobiologi
Original Articles
Parechovirus - classification
Parechovirus - genetics
Parechovirus - isolation & purification
Phylogeny
Picornaviridae Infections - epidemiology
Picornaviridae Infections - veterinary
Polymerase chain reaction
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA-directed DNA polymerase
Rodentia
Rodents
Seasons
Species
Species diversity
Tundra
Viruses
title Geographical Distribution of Ljungan Virus in Small Mammals in Europe
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