Monkeypox viral disease: A review of epidemiology, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, prevention and treatment

Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic illness caused by the monkey pox virus. Rainforests near the centre of western Africa is primarily have been impacted by this illness. Residents who reside in or near forests may be indirectly or minimally exposed, which could lead to subclinical illness. However, imported African wild rats in the United States lately gave rise to the ailment. Monkeypox symptoms include smallpox symptoms such the symptoms that resemble the flu, including fever, exhaustion, headaches, backaches, and the recognisable rash. Such symptoms in a region where monkeypox is endemic should be carefully observed and assessed regarding the elimination of smallpox. The two major ways that people contract monkey pox is thought to be either eating undercooked meat or coming into close contact with diseased animals. If the animal’s skin barrier has been compromised by trauma from bites, scratches, or other occurrences, the animal’s cutaneous or mucosal lesions were touched could cause infection. Laboratory diagnosis comparable to other illnesses that resemble the pox is necessary due to its clinical significance. No approved medications can be used to treat human monkey pox. Smallpox vaccination can protect against virus infection, nevertheless. Since the 1980s, there has been a nationwide immunisation prohibition, making the human population more susceptible to monkey pox infection. The possibility of using the monkey pox virus in bioterrorism has been brought up by this. Avoiding contact with ill individuals limiting patients’ respiratory exposure to either people, pets, or animals who are infected with them are the main goals of an effective defence. When treating individuals who have high-risk factors and come with a new-onset progressive rash, clinicians need to have a high index of suspicion for monkeypox. When all lesions have healed, patients with proven or suspected monkeypox infections must be quarantined. The consequence of this remarkable outbreak has highlighted the lacunae in our understanding of the viral epidemiology and ecology. Aim of this review is to investigate the outbreak of monkeypox virus or pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, etc, against this virus. Objective of this review is data will be extracted from the known historical record of monkeypox virus disease. This data will be synthesized to establish correlation points between monkey pox virus diseases in human. This review summarizes the aspects such as epidemiology,