A phase-error immune approach for measuring transport AC loss by determination of minimum compensated voltage
Alternating current (AC) loss measurement is crucial for the theoretical evaluation and optimization in the fabrication of superconducting AC devices. Lock-in amplifier based on the lock-in phase is commonly adopted and inevitably involves with phase error. In this work, a novel approach for measuri...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied physics 2024-05, Vol.135 (19) |
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creator | Wei, Liangyu Liu, Cong Wang, Zeji Zhou, Jun Zhang, Xingyi |
description | Alternating current (AC) loss measurement is crucial for the theoretical evaluation and optimization in the fabrication of superconducting AC devices. Lock-in amplifier based on the lock-in phase is commonly adopted and inevitably involves with phase error. In this work, a novel approach for measuring transport AC loss by determining the minimum compensated voltage (MCV) was developed, in which the lock-in amplifier was removed. Since it just uses the voltage signal from an AC voltmeter, it is phase-error immune. Experimental results demonstrated that when using the lock-in amplifier, there existed a system error as the initial phase difference between the sampled (reference) and real current phases, which required careful compensation. In contrast, the phase error no longer needed to be considered by the MCV method, and the AC loss results were obtained much more conveniently with the relative error between the theoretical and the experimental of less than 5%. Finally, the AC loss of a coated conductor spiral wound on an epoxy bar was obtained using the presented approach, demonstrating its low cost, ease of operation, and high accuracy. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1063/5.0201888 |
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Lock-in amplifier based on the lock-in phase is commonly adopted and inevitably involves with phase error. In this work, a novel approach for measuring transport AC loss by determining the minimum compensated voltage (MCV) was developed, in which the lock-in amplifier was removed. Since it just uses the voltage signal from an AC voltmeter, it is phase-error immune. Experimental results demonstrated that when using the lock-in amplifier, there existed a system error as the initial phase difference between the sampled (reference) and real current phases, which required careful compensation. In contrast, the phase error no longer needed to be considered by the MCV method, and the AC loss results were obtained much more conveniently with the relative error between the theoretical and the experimental of less than 5%. Finally, the AC loss of a coated conductor spiral wound on an epoxy bar was obtained using the presented approach, demonstrating its low cost, ease of operation, and high accuracy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8979</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1089-7550</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/5.0201888</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPIAU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melville: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>Alternating current ; Electric potential ; Error analysis ; Lock in amplifiers ; Phase error ; Voltage</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied physics, 2024-05, Vol.135 (19)</ispartof><rights>Author(s)</rights><rights>2024 Author(s). 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Lock-in amplifier based on the lock-in phase is commonly adopted and inevitably involves with phase error. In this work, a novel approach for measuring transport AC loss by determining the minimum compensated voltage (MCV) was developed, in which the lock-in amplifier was removed. Since it just uses the voltage signal from an AC voltmeter, it is phase-error immune. Experimental results demonstrated that when using the lock-in amplifier, there existed a system error as the initial phase difference between the sampled (reference) and real current phases, which required careful compensation. In contrast, the phase error no longer needed to be considered by the MCV method, and the AC loss results were obtained much more conveniently with the relative error between the theoretical and the experimental of less than 5%. Finally, the AC loss of a coated conductor spiral wound on an epoxy bar was obtained using the presented approach, demonstrating its low cost, ease of operation, and high accuracy.</description><subject>Alternating current</subject><subject>Electric potential</subject><subject>Error analysis</subject><subject>Lock in amplifiers</subject><subject>Phase error</subject><subject>Voltage</subject><issn>0021-8979</issn><issn>1089-7550</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1PwzAMhiMEEmNw4B9E4gRSh9M0bXqcJr6kSVzgHKWpu3VampKkSPv3BLYzJ1v2I1vPS8gtgwWDkj-KBeTApJRnZMZA1lklBJyTGUDOMllX9SW5CmEHwJjk9YzYJR23OmCG3jtPe2unAakeR--02dIuzSzqMPl-2NDo9RBG5yNdrujehUCbA20xorf9oGPvBuo6mvreTpYaZ0ccgo7Y0m-3j3qD1-Si0_uAN6c6J5_PTx-r12z9_vK2Wq4zk4s8ZhxA5ihK2QAvCpEjL6skgBVqKFhVcdM2umnSzABrCgSBWJR5C0IyzkHwObk73k0aXxOGqHZu8kN6qdJaMCnqmifq_kgZn1w8dmr0vdX-oBio3zSVUKc0E_twZIPp45_qP_AP-YB0Ig</recordid><startdate>20240521</startdate><enddate>20240521</enddate><creator>Wei, Liangyu</creator><creator>Liu, Cong</creator><creator>Wang, Zeji</creator><creator>Zhou, Jun</creator><creator>Zhang, Xingyi</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><scope>AJDQP</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3174-689X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8190-2919</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2581-3781</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7780-3717</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2856-170X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240521</creationdate><title>A phase-error immune approach for measuring transport AC loss by determination of minimum compensated voltage</title><author>Wei, Liangyu ; Liu, Cong ; Wang, Zeji ; Zhou, Jun ; Zhang, Xingyi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c252t-30082e568b034452e367002e7ea041773cdbabb700c01b4e05ee462d058133053</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Alternating current</topic><topic>Electric potential</topic><topic>Error analysis</topic><topic>Lock in amplifiers</topic><topic>Phase error</topic><topic>Voltage</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wei, Liangyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Cong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Zeji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Xingyi</creatorcontrib><collection>AIP Open Access Journals</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wei, Liangyu</au><au>Liu, Cong</au><au>Wang, Zeji</au><au>Zhou, Jun</au><au>Zhang, Xingyi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A phase-error immune approach for measuring transport AC loss by determination of minimum compensated voltage</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied physics</jtitle><date>2024-05-21</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>135</volume><issue>19</issue><issn>0021-8979</issn><eissn>1089-7550</eissn><coden>JAPIAU</coden><abstract>Alternating current (AC) loss measurement is crucial for the theoretical evaluation and optimization in the fabrication of superconducting AC devices. Lock-in amplifier based on the lock-in phase is commonly adopted and inevitably involves with phase error. In this work, a novel approach for measuring transport AC loss by determining the minimum compensated voltage (MCV) was developed, in which the lock-in amplifier was removed. Since it just uses the voltage signal from an AC voltmeter, it is phase-error immune. Experimental results demonstrated that when using the lock-in amplifier, there existed a system error as the initial phase difference between the sampled (reference) and real current phases, which required careful compensation. In contrast, the phase error no longer needed to be considered by the MCV method, and the AC loss results were obtained much more conveniently with the relative error between the theoretical and the experimental of less than 5%. 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subjects | Alternating current Electric potential Error analysis Lock in amplifiers Phase error Voltage |
title | A phase-error immune approach for measuring transport AC loss by determination of minimum compensated voltage |
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