Zirconium based metal organic framework as sorbent for oil spill cleaning: Characteristics, synthesis routes, and tuneable properties

Oil spills into the ocean can cause water pollution, affecting the prolonged water crisis and damaging marine ecosystems, particularly oil spills from the oil industry, i.e. The Deep-Water Horizon Oil Spill. Thus, it is of sustained importance to mitigate this issue before it becomes irrevocable. There are number of technologies have utilized to solve oil spill accidents, including a cleaning technique by adsorption. There are numerous material sites that have been investigated for the oil spill issue. Among these, materials, Metal Organic Framework (MOF) has received tremendous attention for being a promising material that meets the expectations along with the required characteristics i.e., good adsorption. Advancement in MOFs resulting diverse types of MOFs. The best option of MOF is MOF-based zirconium, also commercially known as UiO-66 (which refers to the University of Oslo). This review provides an insight information on the UiO-66 characteristics, common synthesis route through solvothermal synthesis, and a tuning property of hydrophilic to hydrophobic also has discussed. To function as a sorbent for oil adsorption, MOF should have a hydrophobic property. Thus, this review also provides an information on the fluorinated UiO-66 which is superhydrophobic material. During synthesis preparation, fluorinated UiO-66 MOF can improve stability and preserve the crystallization of the UiO-66 itself and modify its hydrophobic properties. The hydrophobic fluorinated inner surface of UiO-66 offers exceptional potential for enhancing and fine-tuning the affinity towards oil molecules in the water system.