The impact of electron beams on the arbitrary amplitude electron–acoustic solitons in a nonthermal plasma

This study examines the nonlinear dynamics of high-frequency electron–acoustic waves (EAWs) in a collisionless, unmagnetized plasma consisting of several components, including inertial cold electrons, an inertial electron beam, and inertialess Cairns-distributed hot electrons in addition to background stationary ions. We use a nonlinear pseudopotential (Sagadeev potential) method to investigate the possibility of stationary-profile electron–acoustic solitons (EASs). In this study, the nonthermal parameter, the temperature ratio between hot and cold electrons, density ratios, and electron beam parameters are carefully examined to see how they change the features of EASs. As the nonthermality of hot electrons rises, the beam speed decreases, the density ratio of the beam to the cold electron increases, and the existence domain for EASs gets bigger. The current theoretical model shows a link between the wideband noise seen in Geotail satellites and the plasma sheet boundary layer in Earth's magnetosphere.