Analysis on the effect of metamaterial structure number on microstrip antenna ground plane

Radar is a tool that works using electromagnetic waves. Antenna is one of the supporting components on radar to transmit and receive signals from its object. This paper investigates the effect of metamaterials on rectangular microstrip antennas with the addition of a Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) metamaterial that focuses on the ground plane with a frequency of 3.2 GHz. The effect of adding a CSRR metamaterial cell to the antenna ground plane was shown to affect the bandwidth and gain. This is because the addition of metamaterial cells results in permittivity and permeability values and increases the possibility of resonant frequency. Metamaterial affects the dimensions of the antenna. In general, the measurement results show a lower value than the simulation results.