Freak waves in dusty plasma with two temperature superthermal ions

An investigation of the characteristics of freak waves in dusty plasma containing two temperatures ions is presented. The reductive perturbation method is used to obtain the Kadomstev–Petviashvili (KP) equation. Further, on modulating KP equation, the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) is derived. Under the influence of various parameters (e.g., superthermality of cold and hot ions, a number density ratio of cold ions to dust and a temperature ratio of cold to hot ions), the characteristics of freak wave structures are studied.