Nanoscale spatial analysis of clay minerals containing cesium by synchrotron radiation photoemission electron microscopy
A synchrotron radiation photoemission electron microscope (SR-PEEM) was applied to demonstrate the pinpoint analysis of micrometer-sized weathered biotite clay particles with artificially adsorbed cesium (Cs) atoms. Despite the insulating properties of the clay, we observed the spatial distributions...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Applied physics letters 2018-01, Vol.112 (2) |
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creator | Yoshigoe, Akitaka Shiwaku, Hideaki Kobayashi, Toru Shimoyama, Iwao Matsumura, Daiju Tsuji, Takuya Nishihata, Yasuo Kogure, Toshihiro Ohkochi, Takuo Yasui, Akira Yaita, Tsuyoshi |
description | A synchrotron radiation photoemission electron microscope (SR-PEEM) was applied to demonstrate the pinpoint analysis of micrometer-sized weathered biotite clay particles with artificially adsorbed cesium (Cs) atoms. Despite the insulating properties of the clay, we observed the spatial distributions of constituent elements (Si, Al, Cs, Mg, and Fe) without charging issues and clarified reciprocal site-correlations among these elements with nanometer resolution. We found that Cs atoms were likely to be adsorbed evenly over the entire particle; however, we identified an occupational conflict between Cs and Mg atoms, implying that Cs sorption involves ion exchange processes. Spatially resolved X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) of the Cs4,5 M-edge region showed Cs to be present in a monocation state (Cs+) as typically observed for Cs compounds. Further pinpoint XAS measurements were also performed at the Fe L2,3-edge to determine the chemical valence of the Fe atoms. The shapes of the spectra were similar to those for Fe2O3, indicating that Fe in the clay was in a 3+ oxidation state. From these observations, we infer that charge compensation facilitates Cs adsorption in the vicinity of a substitution site where Si4+ ions are replaced by Fe3+ ions in SiO4 tetrahedral sheets. Our results demonstrate the utility of SR-PEEM as a tool for spatially resolved chemical analyses of various environmental substances, which is not limited by the poor conductivity of samples. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1063/1.5005799 |
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Despite the insulating properties of the clay, we observed the spatial distributions of constituent elements (Si, Al, Cs, Mg, and Fe) without charging issues and clarified reciprocal site-correlations among these elements with nanometer resolution. We found that Cs atoms were likely to be adsorbed evenly over the entire particle; however, we identified an occupational conflict between Cs and Mg atoms, implying that Cs sorption involves ion exchange processes. Spatially resolved X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) of the Cs4,5 M-edge region showed Cs to be present in a monocation state (Cs+) as typically observed for Cs compounds. Further pinpoint XAS measurements were also performed at the Fe L2,3-edge to determine the chemical valence of the Fe atoms. The shapes of the spectra were similar to those for Fe2O3, indicating that Fe in the clay was in a 3+ oxidation state. From these observations, we infer that charge compensation facilitates Cs adsorption in the vicinity of a substitution site where Si4+ ions are replaced by Fe3+ ions in SiO4 tetrahedral sheets. Our results demonstrate the utility of SR-PEEM as a tool for spatially resolved chemical analyses of various environmental substances, which is not limited by the poor conductivity of samples.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-6951</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1077-3118</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/1.5005799</identifier><identifier>CODEN: APPLAB</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melville: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>Absorption spectra ; Aluminum ; Applied physics ; Biotite ; Cesium ; Clay ; Clay minerals ; Ion exchange ; Iron ; Organic chemistry ; Oxidation ; Photoelectric emission ; Silicon ; Spatial analysis ; Synchrotron radiation ; Valence</subject><ispartof>Applied physics letters, 2018-01, Vol.112 (2)</ispartof><rights>Author(s)</rights><rights>2018 Author(s). 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Despite the insulating properties of the clay, we observed the spatial distributions of constituent elements (Si, Al, Cs, Mg, and Fe) without charging issues and clarified reciprocal site-correlations among these elements with nanometer resolution. We found that Cs atoms were likely to be adsorbed evenly over the entire particle; however, we identified an occupational conflict between Cs and Mg atoms, implying that Cs sorption involves ion exchange processes. Spatially resolved X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) of the Cs4,5 M-edge region showed Cs to be present in a monocation state (Cs+) as typically observed for Cs compounds. Further pinpoint XAS measurements were also performed at the Fe L2,3-edge to determine the chemical valence of the Fe atoms. The shapes of the spectra were similar to those for Fe2O3, indicating that Fe in the clay was in a 3+ oxidation state. From these observations, we infer that charge compensation facilitates Cs adsorption in the vicinity of a substitution site where Si4+ ions are replaced by Fe3+ ions in SiO4 tetrahedral sheets. Our results demonstrate the utility of SR-PEEM as a tool for spatially resolved chemical analyses of various environmental substances, which is not limited by the poor conductivity of samples.</description><subject>Absorption spectra</subject><subject>Aluminum</subject><subject>Applied physics</subject><subject>Biotite</subject><subject>Cesium</subject><subject>Clay</subject><subject>Clay minerals</subject><subject>Ion exchange</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Organic chemistry</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Photoelectric emission</subject><subject>Silicon</subject><subject>Spatial analysis</subject><subject>Synchrotron radiation</subject><subject>Valence</subject><issn>0003-6951</issn><issn>1077-3118</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kEtLxDAUhYMoOI4u_AcBVwodk2bSpksZfMGgG12XPG6cDG1Tk47Yf29mRnQhuLr3wMe59xyEzimZUVKwazrjhPCyqg7QhJKyzBil4hBNCCEsKypOj9FJjOskec7YBH0-yc5HLRvAsZeDkw2WnWzG6CL2FutGjrh1HQTZRKx9N0jXue4Na4hu02I14jh2ehX8EHyHgzQumaStX_nBQ-ti3CpoQO-A1umQzvl-PEVHNnnC2fecote725fFQ7Z8vn9c3CwzzSo2ZKYohSRCVSUHI5QykuagreAKCkEKCdZaU7FcFEIZU4iCAqgccjXnioGt2BRd7H374N83EId67TchRYx1TikXlIg5T9Tlntq-FwPYug-ulWGsKam3xda0_i42sVd7Nmo37NL-wB8-_IJ1b-x_8F_nL5FyizA</recordid><startdate>20180108</startdate><enddate>20180108</enddate><creator>Yoshigoe, Akitaka</creator><creator>Shiwaku, Hideaki</creator><creator>Kobayashi, Toru</creator><creator>Shimoyama, Iwao</creator><creator>Matsumura, Daiju</creator><creator>Tsuji, Takuya</creator><creator>Nishihata, Yasuo</creator><creator>Kogure, Toshihiro</creator><creator>Ohkochi, Takuo</creator><creator>Yasui, Akira</creator><creator>Yaita, Tsuyoshi</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180108</creationdate><title>Nanoscale spatial analysis of clay minerals containing cesium by synchrotron radiation photoemission electron microscopy</title><author>Yoshigoe, Akitaka ; Shiwaku, Hideaki ; Kobayashi, Toru ; Shimoyama, Iwao ; Matsumura, Daiju ; Tsuji, Takuya ; Nishihata, Yasuo ; Kogure, Toshihiro ; Ohkochi, Takuo ; Yasui, Akira ; Yaita, Tsuyoshi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-d678a08b975ed8bbda12ecf85be6806aefffd932868bdd6861eeb2e2b45b3ef93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Absorption spectra</topic><topic>Aluminum</topic><topic>Applied physics</topic><topic>Biotite</topic><topic>Cesium</topic><topic>Clay</topic><topic>Clay minerals</topic><topic>Ion exchange</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Organic chemistry</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Photoelectric emission</topic><topic>Silicon</topic><topic>Spatial analysis</topic><topic>Synchrotron radiation</topic><topic>Valence</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yoshigoe, Akitaka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shiwaku, Hideaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Toru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shimoyama, Iwao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matsumura, Daiju</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsuji, Takuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nishihata, Yasuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kogure, Toshihiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ohkochi, Takuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yasui, Akira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yaita, Tsuyoshi</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Applied physics letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yoshigoe, Akitaka</au><au>Shiwaku, Hideaki</au><au>Kobayashi, Toru</au><au>Shimoyama, Iwao</au><au>Matsumura, Daiju</au><au>Tsuji, Takuya</au><au>Nishihata, Yasuo</au><au>Kogure, Toshihiro</au><au>Ohkochi, Takuo</au><au>Yasui, Akira</au><au>Yaita, Tsuyoshi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Nanoscale spatial analysis of clay minerals containing cesium by synchrotron radiation photoemission electron microscopy</atitle><jtitle>Applied physics letters</jtitle><date>2018-01-08</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>112</volume><issue>2</issue><issn>0003-6951</issn><eissn>1077-3118</eissn><coden>APPLAB</coden><abstract>A synchrotron radiation photoemission electron microscope (SR-PEEM) was applied to demonstrate the pinpoint analysis of micrometer-sized weathered biotite clay particles with artificially adsorbed cesium (Cs) atoms. Despite the insulating properties of the clay, we observed the spatial distributions of constituent elements (Si, Al, Cs, Mg, and Fe) without charging issues and clarified reciprocal site-correlations among these elements with nanometer resolution. We found that Cs atoms were likely to be adsorbed evenly over the entire particle; however, we identified an occupational conflict between Cs and Mg atoms, implying that Cs sorption involves ion exchange processes. Spatially resolved X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) of the Cs4,5 M-edge region showed Cs to be present in a monocation state (Cs+) as typically observed for Cs compounds. Further pinpoint XAS measurements were also performed at the Fe L2,3-edge to determine the chemical valence of the Fe atoms. The shapes of the spectra were similar to those for Fe2O3, indicating that Fe in the clay was in a 3+ oxidation state. From these observations, we infer that charge compensation facilitates Cs adsorption in the vicinity of a substitution site where Si4+ ions are replaced by Fe3+ ions in SiO4 tetrahedral sheets. Our results demonstrate the utility of SR-PEEM as a tool for spatially resolved chemical analyses of various environmental substances, which is not limited by the poor conductivity of samples.</abstract><cop>Melville</cop><pub>American Institute of Physics</pub><doi>10.1063/1.5005799</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Absorption spectra Aluminum Applied physics Biotite Cesium Clay Clay minerals Ion exchange Iron Organic chemistry Oxidation Photoelectric emission Silicon Spatial analysis Synchrotron radiation Valence |
title | Nanoscale spatial analysis of clay minerals containing cesium by synchrotron radiation photoemission electron microscopy |
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