IN VIVO OBSERVATION OF MESENTERIC LEUKOCYTE-ENDOTHELIAL INTERACTIONS AFTER CECAL LIGATION/PUNCTURE AND SURGICAL SEPSIS SOURCE CONTROL

Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) has been used as a useful model for the induction of polymicrobial sepsis. Necrotic tissue resection and peritoneal lavage (REL) are the surgical procedures for controlling perforated appendicitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate leukocyte-endothelial interact...

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Veröffentlicht in:Clinics (São Paulo, Brazil) Brazil), 2007-06, Vol.62 (3), p.321-326
Hauptverfasser: Nakagawa, Naomi K., Jukemura, José, Aikawa, Priscila, Nogueira, Rafael A., Poli-de-Figueiredo, Luiz F., Sannomiya, Paulina
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container_title Clinics (São Paulo, Brazil)
container_volume 62
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Jukemura, José
Aikawa, Priscila
Nogueira, Rafael A.
Poli-de-Figueiredo, Luiz F.
Sannomiya, Paulina
description Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) has been used as a useful model for the induction of polymicrobial sepsis. Necrotic tissue resection and peritoneal lavage (REL) are the surgical procedures for controlling perforated appendicitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate leukocyte-endothelial interactions in the rat mesentery in vivo after CLP and REL. Thirty-seven male Wistar rats (250-300 g) underwent laparotomy and were randomly assigned to the following groups: 1) SHAM; 2) CLP: animals submitted to CLP, 3) CLP+REL: animals submitted to CLP and REL. Mesenteric leukocyte-endothelial interactions were studied by intravital microscopy assessed once in each animal (3-5 postcapillary venules, 15-25 µm diameter) 24 hours after intervention. Follow-up was performed in all animals; this included analysis of glycemia, lactate, hematocrit, white blood cell count as well as a functional score that was the sum of scoring on the following parameters: alertness, mobility, piloerection, diarrhea, encrusted eyes, and dirty nose and tail. None of the animals showed significant changes in body weight (265 ± 20 g) or in hematocrit levels (46% ± 2%) during the experimental protocol. Compared to SHAM animals, CLP animals showed an increased number of rolling (2x), adherent, and migrating leukocytes (7x) in the mesenteric microcirculation, an increase in blood glucose (136 ± 8 mg/dL), lactate (3.58 ± 0.94 mmol/L), white cell count (23,570 ± 4,991 cells/mm3) and functional alterations (score 11 ± 1), characterized by impaired alertness and mobility, and presence of piloerection, diarrhea, encrusted eyes, and dirty nose and tail. The REL procedure normalized the number of rolling, adherent, and migrated leukocytes in the mesentery; glycemia; lactate; and white blood cell count. The REL procedure also improved the functional score (7 ± 1). Local and systemic inflammation was induced by CLP, while REL completely overcame the inflammatory process. Nakagawa NK; Jukemura J, Aikawa P, Nogueira RA, Polide-Figueiredo LF and Sannomiya P. Avaliação in vivo da interação leucócito-endotélio mesentérico após ligadura e punção cecal e remoção cirúrgica do foco sééptico. Clinics. 2007;62(3):321-6. O procedimento de ligadura cecal e perfuração (CLP) tem sido usado como um modelo útil de indução de sepse polimicrobiana. A ressecção do tecido necrosado e lavagem peritoneal (REL) são procedimentos cirúrgicos freqüentemente utilizados para controlar uma apendicite perfurada. O objetivo desse estudo
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Necrotic tissue resection and peritoneal lavage (REL) are the surgical procedures for controlling perforated appendicitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate leukocyte-endothelial interactions in the rat mesentery in vivo after CLP and REL. Thirty-seven male Wistar rats (250-300 g) underwent laparotomy and were randomly assigned to the following groups: 1) SHAM; 2) CLP: animals submitted to CLP, 3) CLP+REL: animals submitted to CLP and REL. Mesenteric leukocyte-endothelial interactions were studied by intravital microscopy assessed once in each animal (3-5 postcapillary venules, 15-25 µm diameter) 24 hours after intervention. Follow-up was performed in all animals; this included analysis of glycemia, lactate, hematocrit, white blood cell count as well as a functional score that was the sum of scoring on the following parameters: alertness, mobility, piloerection, diarrhea, encrusted eyes, and dirty nose and tail. None of the animals showed significant changes in body weight (265 ± 20 g) or in hematocrit levels (46% ± 2%) during the experimental protocol. Compared to SHAM animals, CLP animals showed an increased number of rolling (2x), adherent, and migrating leukocytes (7x) in the mesenteric microcirculation, an increase in blood glucose (136 ± 8 mg/dL), lactate (3.58 ± 0.94 mmol/L), white cell count (23,570 ± 4,991 cells/mm3) and functional alterations (score 11 ± 1), characterized by impaired alertness and mobility, and presence of piloerection, diarrhea, encrusted eyes, and dirty nose and tail. The REL procedure normalized the number of rolling, adherent, and migrated leukocytes in the mesentery; glycemia; lactate; and white blood cell count. The REL procedure also improved the functional score (7 ± 1). Local and systemic inflammation was induced by CLP, while REL completely overcame the inflammatory process. Nakagawa NK; Jukemura J, Aikawa P, Nogueira RA, Polide-Figueiredo LF and Sannomiya P. Avaliação in vivo da interação leucócito-endotélio mesentérico após ligadura e punção cecal e remoção cirúrgica do foco sééptico. Clinics. 2007;62(3):321-6. O procedimento de ligadura cecal e perfuração (CLP) tem sido usado como um modelo útil de indução de sepse polimicrobiana. A ressecção do tecido necrosado e lavagem peritoneal (REL) são procedimentos cirúrgicos freqüentemente utilizados para controlar uma apendicite perfurada. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar in vivo as interações leucócito-endotélio no mesentério de ratos após a CLP e REL. Trinta e sete ratos Wistar machos (250-300 g) foram submetidos à laparotomia e aleatoriamente divididos em grupos: 1) SHAM, 2) CLP: ratos submetidos à CLP, 3) CLP+REL: animais submetidos à CLP e REL. As interações leucócito-endotélio no mesentério foram estudadas através de microscopia intravital somente uma vez em cada animal (3-5 vênulas pós-capilares, 15-25 µm diâmetro), 24-horas após as intervenções. A evolução clínica foi realizada em todos os animais, incluindo glicemia, lactato, hematócrito, número total de células brancas e um escore funcional, o qual foi considerado como a somatória dos seguintes parâmetros: estado de alerta, mobilidade, piloereção, diarréia, olhos encrustados, e nariz e cauda sujos. Os animais não apresentaram alterações significantes no peso (265 ± 20 g) e hematócrito (46 ± 2%) ao longo do estudo. Comparados ao SHAM, os animais CLP apresentaram aumento no número de leucócitos em rolamento (2x), aderidos (7x) e migrados (7x) na microcirculação mesentérica, aumentos da glicemia (136 ± 8 mg/dL), lactato (3,58 ± 0,94 mmol/L), leucocitose (23.570 ± 4.991 células/mm3) e alterações clínicas (escore 11±1), caracterizadas por comprometimento do estado de alerta e mobilidade, e presença de piloereção, diarréia, olhos encrustados, nariz e cauda sujos. REL normalizou o número de leucócitos em rolamento, aderidos e migrados no mesentério, a glicemia, o lactato e o número de leucócitos circulantes. REL também melhorou o escore clínico (7 ± 1). A CLP induziu inflamação local e sistêmica. A REL resolveu, por completo, o processo inflamatório.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1807-5932</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1980-5322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1980-5322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1590/S1807-59322007000300018</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17589674</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Brazil: Elsevier España, S.L.U</publisher><subject>Animals ; Cecum - pathology ; Cecum - surgery ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Movement ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endothelium, Vascular - pathology ; Intravital microscopy ; Leukocytes - physiology ; Male ; MEDICINE, GENERAL &amp; INTERNAL ; Mesentery ; Mesentery - blood supply ; Mesentery - pathology ; Mesentério ; Microcirculation ; Microcirculação ; Microscopia intravital ; Necrosis ; Peritoneal Lavage ; Peritonite ; Peritonitis ; Punctures ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sepse ; Sepsis ; Sepsis - pathology ; Sepsis - surgery ; Time Factors</subject><ispartof>Clinics (São Paulo, Brazil), 2007-06, Vol.62 (3), p.321-326</ispartof><rights>2007 CLINICS</rights><rights>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c457t-993e7b5ab798b16c999aa139518ceaf6e0635dc5c7bf843c2abeaef844d835b93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c457t-993e7b5ab798b16c999aa139518ceaf6e0635dc5c7bf843c2abeaef844d835b93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,864,885,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17589674$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nakagawa, Naomi K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jukemura, José</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aikawa, Priscila</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nogueira, Rafael A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poli-de-Figueiredo, Luiz F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sannomiya, Paulina</creatorcontrib><title>IN VIVO OBSERVATION OF MESENTERIC LEUKOCYTE-ENDOTHELIAL INTERACTIONS AFTER CECAL LIGATION/PUNCTURE AND SURGICAL SEPSIS SOURCE CONTROL</title><title>Clinics (São Paulo, Brazil)</title><addtitle>Clinics (Sao Paulo)</addtitle><description>Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) has been used as a useful model for the induction of polymicrobial sepsis. Necrotic tissue resection and peritoneal lavage (REL) are the surgical procedures for controlling perforated appendicitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate leukocyte-endothelial interactions in the rat mesentery in vivo after CLP and REL. Thirty-seven male Wistar rats (250-300 g) underwent laparotomy and were randomly assigned to the following groups: 1) SHAM; 2) CLP: animals submitted to CLP, 3) CLP+REL: animals submitted to CLP and REL. Mesenteric leukocyte-endothelial interactions were studied by intravital microscopy assessed once in each animal (3-5 postcapillary venules, 15-25 µm diameter) 24 hours after intervention. Follow-up was performed in all animals; this included analysis of glycemia, lactate, hematocrit, white blood cell count as well as a functional score that was the sum of scoring on the following parameters: alertness, mobility, piloerection, diarrhea, encrusted eyes, and dirty nose and tail. None of the animals showed significant changes in body weight (265 ± 20 g) or in hematocrit levels (46% ± 2%) during the experimental protocol. Compared to SHAM animals, CLP animals showed an increased number of rolling (2x), adherent, and migrating leukocytes (7x) in the mesenteric microcirculation, an increase in blood glucose (136 ± 8 mg/dL), lactate (3.58 ± 0.94 mmol/L), white cell count (23,570 ± 4,991 cells/mm3) and functional alterations (score 11 ± 1), characterized by impaired alertness and mobility, and presence of piloerection, diarrhea, encrusted eyes, and dirty nose and tail. The REL procedure normalized the number of rolling, adherent, and migrated leukocytes in the mesentery; glycemia; lactate; and white blood cell count. The REL procedure also improved the functional score (7 ± 1). Local and systemic inflammation was induced by CLP, while REL completely overcame the inflammatory process. Nakagawa NK; Jukemura J, Aikawa P, Nogueira RA, Polide-Figueiredo LF and Sannomiya P. Avaliação in vivo da interação leucócito-endotélio mesentérico após ligadura e punção cecal e remoção cirúrgica do foco sééptico. Clinics. 2007;62(3):321-6. O procedimento de ligadura cecal e perfuração (CLP) tem sido usado como um modelo útil de indução de sepse polimicrobiana. A ressecção do tecido necrosado e lavagem peritoneal (REL) são procedimentos cirúrgicos freqüentemente utilizados para controlar uma apendicite perfurada. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar in vivo as interações leucócito-endotélio no mesentério de ratos após a CLP e REL. Trinta e sete ratos Wistar machos (250-300 g) foram submetidos à laparotomia e aleatoriamente divididos em grupos: 1) SHAM, 2) CLP: ratos submetidos à CLP, 3) CLP+REL: animais submetidos à CLP e REL. As interações leucócito-endotélio no mesentério foram estudadas através de microscopia intravital somente uma vez em cada animal (3-5 vênulas pós-capilares, 15-25 µm diâmetro), 24-horas após as intervenções. A evolução clínica foi realizada em todos os animais, incluindo glicemia, lactato, hematócrito, número total de células brancas e um escore funcional, o qual foi considerado como a somatória dos seguintes parâmetros: estado de alerta, mobilidade, piloereção, diarréia, olhos encrustados, e nariz e cauda sujos. Os animais não apresentaram alterações significantes no peso (265 ± 20 g) e hematócrito (46 ± 2%) ao longo do estudo. Comparados ao SHAM, os animais CLP apresentaram aumento no número de leucócitos em rolamento (2x), aderidos (7x) e migrados (7x) na microcirculação mesentérica, aumentos da glicemia (136 ± 8 mg/dL), lactato (3,58 ± 0,94 mmol/L), leucocitose (23.570 ± 4.991 células/mm3) e alterações clínicas (escore 11±1), caracterizadas por comprometimento do estado de alerta e mobilidade, e presença de piloereção, diarréia, olhos encrustados, nariz e cauda sujos. REL normalizou o número de leucócitos em rolamento, aderidos e migrados no mesentério, a glicemia, o lactato e o número de leucócitos circulantes. REL também melhorou o escore clínico (7 ± 1). A CLP induziu inflamação local e sistêmica. A REL resolveu, por completo, o processo inflamatório.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Cecum - pathology</subject><subject>Cecum - surgery</subject><subject>Cell Adhesion</subject><subject>Cell Movement</subject><subject>Disease Models, Animal</subject><subject>Endothelium, Vascular - pathology</subject><subject>Intravital microscopy</subject><subject>Leukocytes - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>MEDICINE, GENERAL &amp; INTERNAL</subject><subject>Mesentery</subject><subject>Mesentery - blood supply</subject><subject>Mesentery - pathology</subject><subject>Mesentério</subject><subject>Microcirculation</subject><subject>Microcirculação</subject><subject>Microscopia intravital</subject><subject>Necrosis</subject><subject>Peritoneal Lavage</subject><subject>Peritonite</subject><subject>Peritonitis</subject><subject>Punctures</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>Sepse</subject><subject>Sepsis</subject><subject>Sepsis - pathology</subject><subject>Sepsis - surgery</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><issn>1807-5932</issn><issn>1980-5322</issn><issn>1980-5322</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc-O0zAQxi0EYv_AK4BP3LJrN3EcH4PX3Y0I8SpOKnGyHMeVsmqbJW6ReADee522iAMSHCzPeH7ffNYMAB8xusGEoVuFM0QjwuLFAiGKEIrDwdkrcIlZhiIS3l-H-Dd0Aa68fwoUixPyFlxgSjKW0uQS_CoquCpWEsrPStSrvClkBeUSfhVKVI2oCw5L0X6R_FsjIlHdyeZBlEVewmKu5nzmFcyXIYFc8FAoi_tjl9vHtuJNWwuYV3dQtfV9MZeVeFSFgkq2NReQy6qpZfkOvFmbjXfvz_c1aJei4Q9RKY-qyCaE7iPGYkc7YjrKsg6nljFmDI4ZwZl1Zp06lMakt8TSbp0lsV2YzhkXwqTPYtKx-BrcnPp6O7jNqJ_Gw7QLhvo4T_3XPIPg00nwPI3fD87v9Xbw1m02ZufGg9cUpQQlGQogPYF2Gr2f3Fo_T8PWTD81Rnpe2T8sPpwtDt3W9X905x0FID8BLkzmx-AmPf9-Z10_TM7udT8O_zV5AaIMmOU</recordid><startdate>20070601</startdate><enddate>20070601</enddate><creator>Nakagawa, Naomi K.</creator><creator>Jukemura, José</creator><creator>Aikawa, Priscila</creator><creator>Nogueira, Rafael A.</creator><creator>Poli-de-Figueiredo, Luiz F.</creator><creator>Sannomiya, Paulina</creator><general>Elsevier España, S.L.U</general><general>Faculdade de Medicina / USP</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>GPN</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070601</creationdate><title>IN VIVO OBSERVATION OF MESENTERIC LEUKOCYTE-ENDOTHELIAL INTERACTIONS AFTER CECAL LIGATION/PUNCTURE AND SURGICAL SEPSIS SOURCE CONTROL</title><author>Nakagawa, Naomi K. ; 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Necrotic tissue resection and peritoneal lavage (REL) are the surgical procedures for controlling perforated appendicitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate leukocyte-endothelial interactions in the rat mesentery in vivo after CLP and REL. Thirty-seven male Wistar rats (250-300 g) underwent laparotomy and were randomly assigned to the following groups: 1) SHAM; 2) CLP: animals submitted to CLP, 3) CLP+REL: animals submitted to CLP and REL. Mesenteric leukocyte-endothelial interactions were studied by intravital microscopy assessed once in each animal (3-5 postcapillary venules, 15-25 µm diameter) 24 hours after intervention. Follow-up was performed in all animals; this included analysis of glycemia, lactate, hematocrit, white blood cell count as well as a functional score that was the sum of scoring on the following parameters: alertness, mobility, piloerection, diarrhea, encrusted eyes, and dirty nose and tail. None of the animals showed significant changes in body weight (265 ± 20 g) or in hematocrit levels (46% ± 2%) during the experimental protocol. Compared to SHAM animals, CLP animals showed an increased number of rolling (2x), adherent, and migrating leukocytes (7x) in the mesenteric microcirculation, an increase in blood glucose (136 ± 8 mg/dL), lactate (3.58 ± 0.94 mmol/L), white cell count (23,570 ± 4,991 cells/mm3) and functional alterations (score 11 ± 1), characterized by impaired alertness and mobility, and presence of piloerection, diarrhea, encrusted eyes, and dirty nose and tail. The REL procedure normalized the number of rolling, adherent, and migrated leukocytes in the mesentery; glycemia; lactate; and white blood cell count. The REL procedure also improved the functional score (7 ± 1). Local and systemic inflammation was induced by CLP, while REL completely overcame the inflammatory process. Nakagawa NK; Jukemura J, Aikawa P, Nogueira RA, Polide-Figueiredo LF and Sannomiya P. Avaliação in vivo da interação leucócito-endotélio mesentérico após ligadura e punção cecal e remoção cirúrgica do foco sééptico. Clinics. 2007;62(3):321-6. O procedimento de ligadura cecal e perfuração (CLP) tem sido usado como um modelo útil de indução de sepse polimicrobiana. A ressecção do tecido necrosado e lavagem peritoneal (REL) são procedimentos cirúrgicos freqüentemente utilizados para controlar uma apendicite perfurada. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar in vivo as interações leucócito-endotélio no mesentério de ratos após a CLP e REL. Trinta e sete ratos Wistar machos (250-300 g) foram submetidos à laparotomia e aleatoriamente divididos em grupos: 1) SHAM, 2) CLP: ratos submetidos à CLP, 3) CLP+REL: animais submetidos à CLP e REL. As interações leucócito-endotélio no mesentério foram estudadas através de microscopia intravital somente uma vez em cada animal (3-5 vênulas pós-capilares, 15-25 µm diâmetro), 24-horas após as intervenções. A evolução clínica foi realizada em todos os animais, incluindo glicemia, lactato, hematócrito, número total de células brancas e um escore funcional, o qual foi considerado como a somatória dos seguintes parâmetros: estado de alerta, mobilidade, piloereção, diarréia, olhos encrustados, e nariz e cauda sujos. Os animais não apresentaram alterações significantes no peso (265 ± 20 g) e hematócrito (46 ± 2%) ao longo do estudo. Comparados ao SHAM, os animais CLP apresentaram aumento no número de leucócitos em rolamento (2x), aderidos (7x) e migrados (7x) na microcirculação mesentérica, aumentos da glicemia (136 ± 8 mg/dL), lactato (3,58 ± 0,94 mmol/L), leucocitose (23.570 ± 4.991 células/mm3) e alterações clínicas (escore 11±1), caracterizadas por comprometimento do estado de alerta e mobilidade, e presença de piloereção, diarréia, olhos encrustados, nariz e cauda sujos. REL normalizou o número de leucócitos em rolamento, aderidos e migrados no mesentério, a glicemia, o lactato e o número de leucócitos circulantes. REL também melhorou o escore clínico (7 ± 1). A CLP induziu inflamação local e sistêmica. A REL resolveu, por completo, o processo inflamatório.</abstract><cop>Brazil</cop><pub>Elsevier España, S.L.U</pub><pmid>17589674</pmid><doi>10.1590/S1807-59322007000300018</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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ispartof Clinics (São Paulo, Brazil), 2007-06, Vol.62 (3), p.321-326
issn 1807-5932
1980-5322
1980-5322
language eng
recordid cdi_scielo_journals_S1807_59322007000300018
source MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Free E-Journal (出版社公開部分のみ); Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Animals
Cecum - pathology
Cecum - surgery
Cell Adhesion
Cell Movement
Disease Models, Animal
Endothelium, Vascular - pathology
Intravital microscopy
Leukocytes - physiology
Male
MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Mesentery
Mesentery - blood supply
Mesentery - pathology
Mesentério
Microcirculation
Microcirculação
Microscopia intravital
Necrosis
Peritoneal Lavage
Peritonite
Peritonitis
Punctures
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Sepse
Sepsis
Sepsis - pathology
Sepsis - surgery
Time Factors
title IN VIVO OBSERVATION OF MESENTERIC LEUKOCYTE-ENDOTHELIAL INTERACTIONS AFTER CECAL LIGATION/PUNCTURE AND SURGICAL SEPSIS SOURCE CONTROL
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