Movement patterns of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) reoccupying a Brazilian breeding ground
The population of humpback whales from breeding stock A is increasing, and little is known about the routes used by humpbacks that move north of the main calving area of Brazil, the Abrolhos Bank. The aim of this study was to describe the movements of humpback whales in a reoccupation wintering area...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Biota Neotropica 2018-01, Vol.18 (4), p.1-13 |
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Zusammenfassung: | The population of humpback whales from breeding stock A is increasing, and little is known about the routes used by humpbacks that move north of the main calving area of Brazil, the Abrolhos Bank. The aim of this study was to describe the movements of humpback whales in a reoccupation wintering area (Serra Grande, Bahia state, Brazil) based on land-based surveys to test if movement patterns change during the season and between years, due to group composition, behavioral state, and distance to the coast. The mean leg speed of the groups sighted was 6.88 (±2.92) km/h, and leg speed was positively correlated with distance to the coast. There was an increase in leg speed and distance to the coast with increasing number of escorts in the groups with calves. The mean linearity value for group trajectory was 0.81 (±0.19) and the mean reorientation rate was 25.72 (±19.09) º/min. We observed a predominance of trajectories heading south throughout the study. Groups exhibiting more erratic movements early in the season, and groups moving south showed more linear trajectories than groups moving north, indicating the beginning of their migration back to the feeding grounds. Energy conserving strategies and social context affect the movements of humpback whales in Serra Grande, resulting in the observed patterns of the reoccupation of available and suitable habitat north of Abrolhos. Thereby, special attention should be given managing activities with the potential to disturb or displace whales using the region to calve and breed.
Resumo: A população das baleias-jubarte do estoque reprodutivo A está aumentando, e pouco se sabe sobre as rotas usadas pelas baleias que se movem a norte da maior área de reprodução do Brasil, o Banco dos Abrolhos. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os movimentos das baleias-jubarte em uma área de reocupação (Serra Grande, estado da Bahia, Brasil) através do monitoramento por ponto fixo para testar se os padrões de movimento mudam ao longo da temporada e entre os anos, devido à composição de grupos, estado comportamental, e distância à costa. A média da velocidade da pernada dos grupos observados foi de 6,88 (±2,92) km/h, apresentando uma correlação positiva com a distância à costa. Houve um aumento da velocidade da pernada e da distância à costa com o aumento do número de escortes nos grupos com filhotes. A linearidade média das trajetórias dos grupos foi de 0,81 (±0,19) e a taxa média de reorientação foi de 25,72 (±19,09) º/min. Observamo |
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ISSN: | 1806-129X 1676-0611 1676-0611 1676-0603 |
DOI: | 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2018-0567 |