Influence of water restriction on the performance and organ development of young broilers
The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% water restriction (WR) on broiler performance, behavior, organ development (heart, leg, proventriculus and gizzard, liver, and intestines), and intestinal micrometry. Four hundred and eighty ROSS 308 male broilers we...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Revista brasileira de zootecnia 2009-02, Vol.38 (2), p.323-327 |
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Zusammenfassung: | The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% water restriction (WR) on broiler performance, behavior, organ development (heart, leg, proventriculus and gizzard, liver, and intestines), and intestinal micrometry. Four hundred and eighty ROSS 308 male broilers were raised in battery cages measuring 0.72 m², from 1 to 21 days of age. Feed was offered ad libitum, and environmental temperatures were kept in thermoneutral conditions. Water intake was estimated based on a control group, two days older than the experimental birds, with same initial weight. A linear reduction on bird performance, duodenal villi height, and fresh organs weight were observed as WR increased. At 21 days of age, for each 1% WR, a weight loss of 8.5 g was observed. However, the mortality rate was not affected by any WR level. Organ weight, relative to body weight, was not affected by WR, except for heart, which weight increased with WR. Villi numbers and crypts depth were not affected by WR. Birds under WR changed their behavior, becoming aggressive and irritated. Electron microscopy data showed higher villi extrusion in WR broilers. In conclusion, WR, regardless its magnitude, should be avoided in broiler production.
Avaliou-se a influência da restrição de água (0, 10, 20, 30 e 40%) no desempenho, no comportamento e desenvolvimento de orgãos (coração, perna, proventrículo e moela, fígado e intestinos) e na micrometria intestinal de frangos de corte. Utilizaram-se 480 machos, linhagem ROSS 308, do 1º ao 21º dia de idade, criados em gaiolas de 0,72 m². As aves receberam dieta basal à vontade e foram mantidas em temperatura de conforto térmico. O consumo de água foi estimado em um grupo de aves controle, dois dias mais velhas que as aves experimentais, porém com o mesmo peso inicial. As medidas de desempenho foram tomadas semanalmente e o consumo de água, diariamente. Aos 21 dias, 18 aves por nível de restrição (tratamento) foram sacrificadas para realização das medidas de micrometria intestinal (6 aves) e do peso de órgãos (12 aves). Diariamente, observou-se o comportamento das aves durante o período de fornecimento da água. O desempenho das aves, a altura das vilosidades duodenais e os pesos frescos dos órgãos reduziram de forma linear de acordo com o aumento da restrição de água. Aos 21 dias de idade, a cada 1% de restrição de água, houve perda de 8,5 g no ganho de peso. No entanto, a mortalidade não foi afetada por qualquer nível de restrição de |
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ISSN: | 1516-3598 1806-9290 1806-9290 1516-3598 |
DOI: | 10.1590/S1516-35982009000200015 |