Hypertriglyceridaemia in adolescents may have serious complications
Acute pancreatitis is an often-overlooked cause of acute abdominal pain in children and adolescents. Severe hypertriglyceridaemia is an important cause of recurrent acute pancreatitis. Monogenic causes of hypertriglyceridaemia, such as familial chylomicronaemia caused by lipoprotein lipase deficienc...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | SAMJ: South African Medical Journal 2022-05, Vol.112 (5), p.307-312 |
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| creator | Korf, M Zöllner, E W Solomon, G E A Zemlin, A E Marais, A D |
| description | Acute pancreatitis is an often-overlooked cause of acute abdominal pain in children and adolescents. Severe hypertriglyceridaemia is an important cause of recurrent acute pancreatitis. Monogenic causes of hypertriglyceridaemia, such as familial chylomicronaemia caused by lipoprotein lipase deficiency, are more frequently encountered in children and adolescents, but remain rare. Polygenic hypertriglyceridaemia is more common, but may require a precipitant before manifesting. With the global increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes, secondary causes of hypertriglyceridaemia in children and adolescents are increasing. We report two cases of severe hypertriglyceridaemia and pancreatitis in adolescent females. Hypertriglyceridaemia improved markedly with restriction of dietary fat. An inhibitor to lipoprotein lipase was found to be the cause in one patient, while in the other limited genetic investigation excluded chylomicronaemia owing to deficiency of lipoprotein lipase, its activators and processing proteins. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.7196/SAMJ.2022.v112i5.16387 |
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Severe hypertriglyceridaemia is an important cause of recurrent acute pancreatitis. Monogenic causes of hypertriglyceridaemia, such as familial chylomicronaemia caused by lipoprotein lipase deficiency, are more frequently encountered in children and adolescents, but remain rare. Polygenic hypertriglyceridaemia is more common, but may require a precipitant before manifesting. With the global increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes, secondary causes of hypertriglyceridaemia in children and adolescents are increasing. We report two cases of severe hypertriglyceridaemia and pancreatitis in adolescent females. Hypertriglyceridaemia improved markedly with restriction of dietary fat. An inhibitor to lipoprotein lipase was found to be the cause in one patient, while in the other limited genetic investigation excluded chylomicronaemia owing to deficiency of lipoprotein lipase, its activators and processing proteins.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0256-9574</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2078-5135</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2078-5135</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.7196/SAMJ.2022.v112i5.16387</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35587241</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>South Africa: Health and Medical Publishing Group (HMPG)</publisher><subject>Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Care and treatment ; Case studies ; Causes of ; Complications and side effects ; Diabetes ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications ; Female ; Health Care Sciences & Services ; Health Policy & Services ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemia ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I - complications ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I - diagnosis ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I - genetics ; Hypertriglyceridemia - complications ; Hypertriglyceridemia - genetics ; Lipoprotein Lipase - genetics ; Medical Ethics ; Medicine, General & Internal ; Medicine, Legal ; Medicine, Research & Experimental ; Pancreatitis ; Pancreatitis - etiology ; Pediatric research ; South Africa</subject><ispartof>SAMJ: South African Medical Journal, 2022-05, Vol.112 (5), p.307-312</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Health & Medical Publishing Group</rights><rights>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><orcidid>0000-0001-5678-5714</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,860,881,27901,27902,39219</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-m_samj_v112_i5_a307$$EView_record_in_Sabinet_Online_Ltd.$$FView_record_in_$$GSabinet_Online_Ltd.</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35587241$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Korf, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zöllner, E W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Solomon, G E A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zemlin, A E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marais, A D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa</creatorcontrib><title>Hypertriglyceridaemia in adolescents may have serious complications</title><title>SAMJ: South African Medical Journal</title><addtitle>S Afr Med J</addtitle><description>Acute pancreatitis is an often-overlooked cause of acute abdominal pain in children and adolescents. Severe hypertriglyceridaemia is an important cause of recurrent acute pancreatitis. Monogenic causes of hypertriglyceridaemia, such as familial chylomicronaemia caused by lipoprotein lipase deficiency, are more frequently encountered in children and adolescents, but remain rare. Polygenic hypertriglyceridaemia is more common, but may require a precipitant before manifesting. With the global increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes, secondary causes of hypertriglyceridaemia in children and adolescents are increasing. We report two cases of severe hypertriglyceridaemia and pancreatitis in adolescent females. Hypertriglyceridaemia improved markedly with restriction of dietary fat. An inhibitor to lipoprotein lipase was found to be the cause in one patient, while in the other limited genetic investigation excluded chylomicronaemia owing to deficiency of lipoprotein lipase, its activators and processing proteins.</description><subject>Acute Disease</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Case studies</subject><subject>Causes of</subject><subject>Complications and side effects</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health Care Sciences & Services</subject><subject>Health Policy & Services</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyperlipidemia</subject><subject>Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I - complications</subject><subject>Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I - diagnosis</subject><subject>Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I - genetics</subject><subject>Hypertriglyceridemia - complications</subject><subject>Hypertriglyceridemia - genetics</subject><subject>Lipoprotein Lipase - genetics</subject><subject>Medical Ethics</subject><subject>Medicine, General & Internal</subject><subject>Medicine, Legal</subject><subject>Medicine, Research & Experimental</subject><subject>Pancreatitis</subject><subject>Pancreatitis - etiology</subject><subject>Pediatric research</subject><subject>South Africa</subject><issn>0256-9574</issn><issn>2078-5135</issn><issn>2078-5135</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkV-PlDAUxYnRuOPqV9iQmBhfwLbQFh4nE3U0a3xYfb4p5bJ0UuhIyybz7S3D-GfSkAb4nXvvuSdJ7ijJJa3Fh4ftt685I4zlT5Qyw3Mqiko-SzaMyCrjtODPkw1hXGQ1l-VN8sr7A4nvvBYvk5uC80qykm6S3f50xClM5tGeNE6mVTgYlZoxVa2z6DWOwaeDOqW9esLUR8TNPtVuOFqjVTBu9K-TF52yHt9c7tvk56ePP3b77P775y-77X2mC8lD1ile1i3VjCBRtCKIDWNlobnEpixkJ1RXY0sa1JWKAla2DWdMCCK5aHShi9skX-t6bdA6OLh5GmNDeFiMwmJ02QghhMeHVFHwfhUcJ_drRh9gMNGRtWrE6AJicVGTitcyom9X9FFZBDN2LkxKLzhsJWFSxEnpvwmuqHjauDXtRuxM_H4lePefoEdlQ--dnc97uwbFCurJeT9hB8fJDGo6ASWwJA5L4rD4gzVxOCcehXcXj3MzYPtX9ifiCOwvW1ONGTGAVxhZ6EM4euhbC70a2zjd8o8SzgjgQcMQueFw7gWxmSqILH4D6yS9oQ</recordid><startdate>20220501</startdate><enddate>20220501</enddate><creator>Korf, M</creator><creator>Zöllner, E W</creator><creator>Solomon, G E A</creator><creator>Zemlin, A E</creator><creator>Marais, A D</creator><general>Health and Medical Publishing Group (HMPG)</general><general>Health & Medical Publishing Group</general><general>South African Medical Association</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>GPN</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-5714</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220501</creationdate><title>Hypertriglyceridaemia in adolescents may have serious complications</title><author>Korf, M ; 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Severe hypertriglyceridaemia is an important cause of recurrent acute pancreatitis. Monogenic causes of hypertriglyceridaemia, such as familial chylomicronaemia caused by lipoprotein lipase deficiency, are more frequently encountered in children and adolescents, but remain rare. Polygenic hypertriglyceridaemia is more common, but may require a precipitant before manifesting. With the global increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes, secondary causes of hypertriglyceridaemia in children and adolescents are increasing. We report two cases of severe hypertriglyceridaemia and pancreatitis in adolescent females. Hypertriglyceridaemia improved markedly with restriction of dietary fat. An inhibitor to lipoprotein lipase was found to be the cause in one patient, while in the other limited genetic investigation excluded chylomicronaemia owing to deficiency of lipoprotein lipase, its activators and processing proteins.</abstract><cop>South Africa</cop><pub>Health and Medical Publishing Group (HMPG)</pub><pmid>35587241</pmid><doi>10.7196/SAMJ.2022.v112i5.16387</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-5714</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acute Disease Adolescent Care and treatment Case studies Causes of Complications and side effects Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications Female Health Care Sciences & Services Health Policy & Services Humans Hyperlipidemia Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I - complications Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I - diagnosis Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I - genetics Hypertriglyceridemia - complications Hypertriglyceridemia - genetics Lipoprotein Lipase - genetics Medical Ethics Medicine, General & Internal Medicine, Legal Medicine, Research & Experimental Pancreatitis Pancreatitis - etiology Pediatric research South Africa |
| title | Hypertriglyceridaemia in adolescents may have serious complications |
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