Socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and mental health in Barcelona, 2001-2016
Previous research has found persistent socioeconomic inequalities in health outcomes at the national level, with different patterns after the economic crisis. However, inequalities in urban areas are also important. This study analyses socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and mental he...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Gaceta sanitaria 2022-09, Vol.36 (5), p.452-458 |
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| description | Previous research has found persistent socioeconomic inequalities in health outcomes at the national level, with different patterns after the economic crisis. However, inequalities in urban areas are also important. This study analyses socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and mental health in the city of Barcelona.
Repeated cross-sectional design using quinquennial data from the Barcelona Health Surveys carried out in 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016 for the population older than 22 years. Robust Poisson regressions models were used to compute socioeconomic gradients and relative (RII) and slope indexes of inequality (SII) by occupational social class, with stratification by sex. RII and SII were also obtained with further adjustment by employment situation.
A consistent socioeconomic gradient was found for all years except for 2011. Relative and absolute inequalities followed a V-shape, showing a drop during the economic crisis but widening thereafter to recover pre-crisis figures for self-assessed health and widening for mental health, in both relative and absolute terms in 2016. Adjustment for employment situation reduces inequalities but a large part of these inequalities remains, with variability across years.
The lasting effects of the 2008 economic crisis and the austerity programmes imposed since then may have contributed to the persistence of socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and the widening of those for mental health.
La investigación previa ha reportado desigualdades socioeconómicas persistentes en salud en el territorio nacional, con diferentes patrones después de la crisis económica. Sin embargo, las desigualdades en las áreas urbanas son también importantes. Este estudio analiza las desigualdades en salud autopercibida y salud mental en la ciudad de Barcelona.
Diseño de corte transversal con datos quinquenales de la Encuesta de Salud de Barcelona llevada a cabo en 2001, 2006, 2011 y 2016 para la población mayor de 22 años. Se utilizan modelos de regresión robusta de Poisson para calcular el gradiente social y los riesgos relativo (RII) y absoluto de desigualdad (SII) por clase social ocupacional, estratificando por sexo. El RII y el SII se obtienen también ajustando adicionalmente por situación laboral.
Se encuentra un gradiente social para todos los años excepto para 2011. Se observan desigualdades relativas y absolutas en forma de V para la salud autopercibida, con una reducción durante la crisis económica, pero rec |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.02.009 |
| format | Article |
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Repeated cross-sectional design using quinquennial data from the Barcelona Health Surveys carried out in 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016 for the population older than 22 years. Robust Poisson regressions models were used to compute socioeconomic gradients and relative (RII) and slope indexes of inequality (SII) by occupational social class, with stratification by sex. RII and SII were also obtained with further adjustment by employment situation.
A consistent socioeconomic gradient was found for all years except for 2011. Relative and absolute inequalities followed a V-shape, showing a drop during the economic crisis but widening thereafter to recover pre-crisis figures for self-assessed health and widening for mental health, in both relative and absolute terms in 2016. Adjustment for employment situation reduces inequalities but a large part of these inequalities remains, with variability across years.
The lasting effects of the 2008 economic crisis and the austerity programmes imposed since then may have contributed to the persistence of socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and the widening of those for mental health.
La investigación previa ha reportado desigualdades socioeconómicas persistentes en salud en el territorio nacional, con diferentes patrones después de la crisis económica. Sin embargo, las desigualdades en las áreas urbanas son también importantes. Este estudio analiza las desigualdades en salud autopercibida y salud mental en la ciudad de Barcelona.
Diseño de corte transversal con datos quinquenales de la Encuesta de Salud de Barcelona llevada a cabo en 2001, 2006, 2011 y 2016 para la población mayor de 22 años. Se utilizan modelos de regresión robusta de Poisson para calcular el gradiente social y los riesgos relativo (RII) y absoluto de desigualdad (SII) por clase social ocupacional, estratificando por sexo. El RII y el SII se obtienen también ajustando adicionalmente por situación laboral.
Se encuentra un gradiente social para todos los años excepto para 2011. Se observan desigualdades relativas y absolutas en forma de V para la salud autopercibida, con una reducción durante la crisis económica, pero recuperándose a partir de esta para volver a los valores anteriores a la crisis para salud autopercibida y ampliándose para la salud mental, tanto en términos relativos como absolutos, en 2016. Ajustar por la situación laboral reduce las desigualdades, pero una gran parte de estas desigualdades permanece, con variabilidad, en los años.
Los efectos duraderos de la crisis económica de 2008 y los programas de austeridad impuestos desde entonces pueden haber contribuido a la persistencia de las desigualdades socioeconómicas en salud autopercibida y a su ampliación en la salud mental.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0213-9111</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1578-1283</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.02.009</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33771401</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Spain: Elsevier España, S.L.U</publisher><subject>Demography ; Diferencias en el estado de salud ; Economic recession ; Factores socioeconómicos ; Health Care Sciences & Services ; Health Policy & Services ; Health status disparities ; Infectious Diseases ; Mental health ; Psychology ; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health ; Recesión económica ; Salud mental ; Socioeconomic factors ; Sociology</subject><ispartof>Gaceta sanitaria, 2022-09, Vol.36 (5), p.452-458</ispartof><rights>2021 SESPAS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 SESPAS. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c447t-1ce0b81b89e4b4f78715f42fbfe44909c2c2459df4871d053e04c7392c30ec6a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c447t-1ce0b81b89e4b4f78715f42fbfe44909c2c2459df4871d053e04c7392c30ec6a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.02.009$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,781,785,865,886,3551,27929,27930,46000</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33771401$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bartoll-Roca, Xavier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palència, Laia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gotsens, Mercè</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borrell, Carme</creatorcontrib><title>Socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and mental health in Barcelona, 2001-2016</title><title>Gaceta sanitaria</title><addtitle>Gac Sanit</addtitle><description>Previous research has found persistent socioeconomic inequalities in health outcomes at the national level, with different patterns after the economic crisis. However, inequalities in urban areas are also important. This study analyses socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and mental health in the city of Barcelona.
Repeated cross-sectional design using quinquennial data from the Barcelona Health Surveys carried out in 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016 for the population older than 22 years. Robust Poisson regressions models were used to compute socioeconomic gradients and relative (RII) and slope indexes of inequality (SII) by occupational social class, with stratification by sex. RII and SII were also obtained with further adjustment by employment situation.
A consistent socioeconomic gradient was found for all years except for 2011. Relative and absolute inequalities followed a V-shape, showing a drop during the economic crisis but widening thereafter to recover pre-crisis figures for self-assessed health and widening for mental health, in both relative and absolute terms in 2016. Adjustment for employment situation reduces inequalities but a large part of these inequalities remains, with variability across years.
The lasting effects of the 2008 economic crisis and the austerity programmes imposed since then may have contributed to the persistence of socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and the widening of those for mental health.
La investigación previa ha reportado desigualdades socioeconómicas persistentes en salud en el territorio nacional, con diferentes patrones después de la crisis económica. Sin embargo, las desigualdades en las áreas urbanas son también importantes. Este estudio analiza las desigualdades en salud autopercibida y salud mental en la ciudad de Barcelona.
Diseño de corte transversal con datos quinquenales de la Encuesta de Salud de Barcelona llevada a cabo en 2001, 2006, 2011 y 2016 para la población mayor de 22 años. Se utilizan modelos de regresión robusta de Poisson para calcular el gradiente social y los riesgos relativo (RII) y absoluto de desigualdad (SII) por clase social ocupacional, estratificando por sexo. El RII y el SII se obtienen también ajustando adicionalmente por situación laboral.
Se encuentra un gradiente social para todos los años excepto para 2011. Se observan desigualdades relativas y absolutas en forma de V para la salud autopercibida, con una reducción durante la crisis económica, pero recuperándose a partir de esta para volver a los valores anteriores a la crisis para salud autopercibida y ampliándose para la salud mental, tanto en términos relativos como absolutos, en 2016. Ajustar por la situación laboral reduce las desigualdades, pero una gran parte de estas desigualdades permanece, con variabilidad, en los años.
Los efectos duraderos de la crisis económica de 2008 y los programas de austeridad impuestos desde entonces pueden haber contribuido a la persistencia de las desigualdades socioeconómicas en salud autopercibida y a su ampliación en la salud mental.</description><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Diferencias en el estado de salud</subject><subject>Economic recession</subject><subject>Factores socioeconómicos</subject><subject>Health Care Sciences & Services</subject><subject>Health Policy & Services</subject><subject>Health status disparities</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subject>Mental health</subject><subject>Psychology</subject><subject>Public, Environmental & Occupational Health</subject><subject>Recesión económica</subject><subject>Salud mental</subject><subject>Socioeconomic factors</subject><subject>Sociology</subject><issn>0213-9111</issn><issn>1578-1283</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kNtKxDAQhoMo7rr6BiJ9AFsnh26bG0EXT7DgxeqdENJ06qb0sCZdwbc3peqlkBCS-f-ZPx8h5xQSCnR5VSfv2uCgEwaMJsASAHlA5jTN8piynB-SeSjwWFJKZ-TE-xqAgczhmMw4zzIqgM7J26Y3tkfTd31rTWQ7_Njrxg4WfbhEHpsq1t5jWGW0Rd0M20h3ZdRiN-jm9yUob7Uz2PSdvowYAI1ZyHhKjirdeDz7ORfk9f7uZfUYr58fnlY369gIkQ0xNQhFTotcoihEleUZTSvBqqJCISRIwwwTqSwrESolpBxBmIxLZjigWWq-IMnU1xsbMqi637suDFSbkYAaCQRIIRakYUMeDGIyGNd777BSO2db7b4UBTXSVbWa6KqRrgKmAt1gu5hsu33RYvln-sUZBNeTAMNvPy06NSbqDJbWoRlU2dv_J3wD53eI6Q</recordid><startdate>20220901</startdate><enddate>20220901</enddate><creator>Bartoll-Roca, Xavier</creator><creator>Palència, Laia</creator><creator>Gotsens, Mercè</creator><creator>Borrell, Carme</creator><general>Elsevier España, S.L.U</general><general>Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria (SESPAS)</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>GPN</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220901</creationdate><title>Socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and mental health in Barcelona, 2001-2016</title><author>Bartoll-Roca, Xavier ; Palència, Laia ; Gotsens, Mercè ; Borrell, Carme</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c447t-1ce0b81b89e4b4f78715f42fbfe44909c2c2459df4871d053e04c7392c30ec6a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Demography</topic><topic>Diferencias en el estado de salud</topic><topic>Economic recession</topic><topic>Factores socioeconómicos</topic><topic>Health Care Sciences & Services</topic><topic>Health Policy & Services</topic><topic>Health status disparities</topic><topic>Infectious Diseases</topic><topic>Mental health</topic><topic>Psychology</topic><topic>Public, Environmental & Occupational Health</topic><topic>Recesión económica</topic><topic>Salud mental</topic><topic>Socioeconomic factors</topic><topic>Sociology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bartoll-Roca, Xavier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palència, Laia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gotsens, Mercè</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borrell, Carme</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>SciELO</collection><jtitle>Gaceta sanitaria</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bartoll-Roca, Xavier</au><au>Palència, Laia</au><au>Gotsens, Mercè</au><au>Borrell, Carme</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and mental health in Barcelona, 2001-2016</atitle><jtitle>Gaceta sanitaria</jtitle><addtitle>Gac Sanit</addtitle><date>2022-09-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>36</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>452</spage><epage>458</epage><pages>452-458</pages><issn>0213-9111</issn><eissn>1578-1283</eissn><abstract>Previous research has found persistent socioeconomic inequalities in health outcomes at the national level, with different patterns after the economic crisis. However, inequalities in urban areas are also important. This study analyses socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and mental health in the city of Barcelona.
Repeated cross-sectional design using quinquennial data from the Barcelona Health Surveys carried out in 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016 for the population older than 22 years. Robust Poisson regressions models were used to compute socioeconomic gradients and relative (RII) and slope indexes of inequality (SII) by occupational social class, with stratification by sex. RII and SII were also obtained with further adjustment by employment situation.
A consistent socioeconomic gradient was found for all years except for 2011. Relative and absolute inequalities followed a V-shape, showing a drop during the economic crisis but widening thereafter to recover pre-crisis figures for self-assessed health and widening for mental health, in both relative and absolute terms in 2016. Adjustment for employment situation reduces inequalities but a large part of these inequalities remains, with variability across years.
The lasting effects of the 2008 economic crisis and the austerity programmes imposed since then may have contributed to the persistence of socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and the widening of those for mental health.
La investigación previa ha reportado desigualdades socioeconómicas persistentes en salud en el territorio nacional, con diferentes patrones después de la crisis económica. Sin embargo, las desigualdades en las áreas urbanas son también importantes. Este estudio analiza las desigualdades en salud autopercibida y salud mental en la ciudad de Barcelona.
Diseño de corte transversal con datos quinquenales de la Encuesta de Salud de Barcelona llevada a cabo en 2001, 2006, 2011 y 2016 para la población mayor de 22 años. Se utilizan modelos de regresión robusta de Poisson para calcular el gradiente social y los riesgos relativo (RII) y absoluto de desigualdad (SII) por clase social ocupacional, estratificando por sexo. El RII y el SII se obtienen también ajustando adicionalmente por situación laboral.
Se encuentra un gradiente social para todos los años excepto para 2011. Se observan desigualdades relativas y absolutas en forma de V para la salud autopercibida, con una reducción durante la crisis económica, pero recuperándose a partir de esta para volver a los valores anteriores a la crisis para salud autopercibida y ampliándose para la salud mental, tanto en términos relativos como absolutos, en 2016. Ajustar por la situación laboral reduce las desigualdades, pero una gran parte de estas desigualdades permanece, con variabilidad, en los años.
Los efectos duraderos de la crisis económica de 2008 y los programas de austeridad impuestos desde entonces pueden haber contribuido a la persistencia de las desigualdades socioeconómicas en salud autopercibida y a su ampliación en la salud mental.</abstract><cop>Spain</cop><pub>Elsevier España, S.L.U</pub><pmid>33771401</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.02.009</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Demography Diferencias en el estado de salud Economic recession Factores socioeconómicos Health Care Sciences & Services Health Policy & Services Health status disparities Infectious Diseases Mental health Psychology Public, Environmental & Occupational Health Recesión económica Salud mental Socioeconomic factors Sociology |
| title | Socioeconomic inequalities in self-assessed health and mental health in Barcelona, 2001-2016 |
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