Iron oxide nanoparticle-stabilized Pickering emulsion-templated porous scaffolds loaded with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for bone tissue engineering
Dietary intake of ω-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can significantly improve the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin. However, PUFAs are hydrophobic and highly sensitive to temperature, oxygen concentration, pH, and ionic strength. Hence, it is challenging to use P...
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| creator | Aadinath, W Saravanakumar, Iniyan Muthuvijayan, Vignesh |
| description | Dietary intake of ω-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can significantly improve the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin. However, PUFAs are hydrophobic and highly sensitive to temperature, oxygen concentration, pH, and ionic strength. Hence, it is challenging to use PUFAs as bioactive compounds for bone tissue engineering. Here, we encapsulated PUFAs in liposomes to improve their stability. The hydrodynamic size of the PUFA-loaded liposomes was found to be 121.3 ± 35 nm. GC-MS analysis showed that the encapsulation efficiency of the PUFAs was 19.9 ± 3.4%. These PUFA-loaded liposomes were loaded into porous scaffolds that were prepared by polymerizing glycidyl methacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate monomers using the Pickering emulsion polymerization technique. Oleic acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles were used as the stabilizing agent to prepare these acrylate-based scaffolds containing PUFA-loaded liposomes (P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA)). SEM micrographs confirmed the porous nature of the scaffolds and the presence of well-adhered liposomes. An
in vitro
cytotoxicity study conducted using MG63 cells confirmed that these scaffolds showed desirable cytocompatibility. Cell adhesion study showed a well-spread morphology, indicating firm adhesion of the cells. The alizarin red staining of P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA) scaffolds showed 3- and 2-fold higher calcium deposition compared to the control on days 7 and 14, respectively. ALP activity was also 2-fold higher than that of the control on day 14. RT-PCR analysis of cells exposed to P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA) scaffolds showed significantly higher expression of osteogenic markers compared to the control. An antibacterial study conducted on
Staphylococcus aureus
showed a higher percentage inhibition and reactive oxygen species generation in samples treated with P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA) scaffolds. These desirable biological properties indicate that the developed scaffolds are suitable for bone tissue engineering.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) loaded onto the porous acrylate-based scaffolds significantly enhance the expression of osteogenic markers. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1039/d4tb00286e |
| format | Article |
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in vitro
cytotoxicity study conducted using MG63 cells confirmed that these scaffolds showed desirable cytocompatibility. Cell adhesion study showed a well-spread morphology, indicating firm adhesion of the cells. The alizarin red staining of P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA) scaffolds showed 3- and 2-fold higher calcium deposition compared to the control on days 7 and 14, respectively. ALP activity was also 2-fold higher than that of the control on day 14. RT-PCR analysis of cells exposed to P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA) scaffolds showed significantly higher expression of osteogenic markers compared to the control. An antibacterial study conducted on
Staphylococcus aureus
showed a higher percentage inhibition and reactive oxygen species generation in samples treated with P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA) scaffolds. These desirable biological properties indicate that the developed scaffolds are suitable for bone tissue engineering.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) loaded onto the porous acrylate-based scaffolds significantly enhance the expression of osteogenic markers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2050-750X</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2050-7518</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2050-7518</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00286e</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39171408</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Royal Society of Chemistry</publisher><subject>Adhesion ; Alizarin ; Alkaline phosphatase ; Bioactive compounds ; Biocompatibility ; Biological properties ; Bones ; Cell adhesion ; Cytotoxicity ; Diet ; Dietary intake ; Emulsion polymerization ; Emulsions ; Encapsulation ; Fatty acids ; Food intake ; Hydrophobicity ; Ionic strength ; Iron oxides ; Liposomes ; Nanoparticles ; Oleic acid ; Osteocalcin ; Oxygen ; Photomicrographs ; Polyunsaturated fatty acids ; Reactive oxygen species ; Scaffolds ; Stabilizers (agents) ; Tissue engineering ; Trimethylolpropane triacrylate</subject><ispartof>Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine, 2024-09, Vol.12 (37), p.9312-9324</ispartof><rights>Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c226t-35074e988cd6aa1903d478e4ff6a1cccffed9017096361d50c0087c68d6905de3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4921-9073</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39171408$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Aadinath, W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saravanakumar, Iniyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muthuvijayan, Vignesh</creatorcontrib><title>Iron oxide nanoparticle-stabilized Pickering emulsion-templated porous scaffolds loaded with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for bone tissue engineering</title><title>Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine</title><addtitle>J Mater Chem B</addtitle><description>Dietary intake of ω-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can significantly improve the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin. However, PUFAs are hydrophobic and highly sensitive to temperature, oxygen concentration, pH, and ionic strength. Hence, it is challenging to use PUFAs as bioactive compounds for bone tissue engineering. Here, we encapsulated PUFAs in liposomes to improve their stability. The hydrodynamic size of the PUFA-loaded liposomes was found to be 121.3 ± 35 nm. GC-MS analysis showed that the encapsulation efficiency of the PUFAs was 19.9 ± 3.4%. These PUFA-loaded liposomes were loaded into porous scaffolds that were prepared by polymerizing glycidyl methacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate monomers using the Pickering emulsion polymerization technique. Oleic acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles were used as the stabilizing agent to prepare these acrylate-based scaffolds containing PUFA-loaded liposomes (P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA)). SEM micrographs confirmed the porous nature of the scaffolds and the presence of well-adhered liposomes. An
in vitro
cytotoxicity study conducted using MG63 cells confirmed that these scaffolds showed desirable cytocompatibility. Cell adhesion study showed a well-spread morphology, indicating firm adhesion of the cells. The alizarin red staining of P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA) scaffolds showed 3- and 2-fold higher calcium deposition compared to the control on days 7 and 14, respectively. ALP activity was also 2-fold higher than that of the control on day 14. RT-PCR analysis of cells exposed to P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA) scaffolds showed significantly higher expression of osteogenic markers compared to the control. An antibacterial study conducted on
Staphylococcus aureus
showed a higher percentage inhibition and reactive oxygen species generation in samples treated with P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA) scaffolds. These desirable biological properties indicate that the developed scaffolds are suitable for bone tissue engineering.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) loaded onto the porous acrylate-based scaffolds significantly enhance the expression of osteogenic markers.</description><subject>Adhesion</subject><subject>Alizarin</subject><subject>Alkaline phosphatase</subject><subject>Bioactive compounds</subject><subject>Biocompatibility</subject><subject>Biological properties</subject><subject>Bones</subject><subject>Cell adhesion</subject><subject>Cytotoxicity</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Dietary intake</subject><subject>Emulsion polymerization</subject><subject>Emulsions</subject><subject>Encapsulation</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Food intake</subject><subject>Hydrophobicity</subject><subject>Ionic strength</subject><subject>Iron oxides</subject><subject>Liposomes</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Oleic acid</subject><subject>Osteocalcin</subject><subject>Oxygen</subject><subject>Photomicrographs</subject><subject>Polyunsaturated fatty acids</subject><subject>Reactive oxygen species</subject><subject>Scaffolds</subject><subject>Stabilizers (agents)</subject><subject>Tissue engineering</subject><subject>Trimethylolpropane triacrylate</subject><issn>2050-750X</issn><issn>2050-7518</issn><issn>2050-7518</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpd0U1vFCEYB_CJ0dim9uJdQ-KlNRl9WGYYONa-aJMm9tAm3iYsPFQqAysw0fWz-GGlu3VN5ALh-eXh5d80Lym8o8Dke9OVJcBCcHzS7C-gh3boqXi6W8OXveYw53uoQ1AuWPe82WOSDrQDsd_8vkwxkPjTGSRBhbhSqTjtsc1FLZ13v9CQa6e_YXLhjuA0--xiaAtOK69KLa5iinMmWStrozeZ-KhM3f_hytda9Os5ZFXmtMFWlbImSrvqjq5vL07yMbExkWUMSIrLeUaC4c4F3Jz3onlmlc94-DgfNLcX5zenn9qrzx8vT0-uWr1Y8NKyHoYOpRDacKWoBGa6QWBnLVdUa20tGgl0AMkZp6YHXb9i0FwYLqE3yA6ao23fVYrfZ8xlnFzW6L0KWB83MpA9FyChq_TNf_Q-zinU242MgqRc9sODertVOsWcE9pxldyk0nqkMD7ENp51Nx82sZ1X_Pqx5byc0Ozo35AqeLUFKetd9V_u7A9t5J8f</recordid><startdate>20240925</startdate><enddate>20240925</enddate><creator>Aadinath, W</creator><creator>Saravanakumar, Iniyan</creator><creator>Muthuvijayan, Vignesh</creator><general>Royal Society of Chemistry</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4921-9073</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240925</creationdate><title>Iron oxide nanoparticle-stabilized Pickering emulsion-templated porous scaffolds loaded with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for bone tissue engineering</title><author>Aadinath, W ; ; Saravanakumar, Iniyan ; Muthuvijayan, Vignesh</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c226t-35074e988cd6aa1903d478e4ff6a1cccffed9017096361d50c0087c68d6905de3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Adhesion</topic><topic>Alizarin</topic><topic>Alkaline phosphatase</topic><topic>Bioactive compounds</topic><topic>Biocompatibility</topic><topic>Biological properties</topic><topic>Bones</topic><topic>Cell adhesion</topic><topic>Cytotoxicity</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Dietary intake</topic><topic>Emulsion polymerization</topic><topic>Emulsions</topic><topic>Encapsulation</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Food intake</topic><topic>Hydrophobicity</topic><topic>Ionic strength</topic><topic>Iron oxides</topic><topic>Liposomes</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Oleic acid</topic><topic>Osteocalcin</topic><topic>Oxygen</topic><topic>Photomicrographs</topic><topic>Polyunsaturated fatty acids</topic><topic>Reactive oxygen species</topic><topic>Scaffolds</topic><topic>Stabilizers (agents)</topic><topic>Tissue engineering</topic><topic>Trimethylolpropane triacrylate</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Aadinath, W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saravanakumar, Iniyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muthuvijayan, Vignesh</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Aadinath, W</au><au>Saravanakumar, Iniyan</au><au>Muthuvijayan, Vignesh</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Iron oxide nanoparticle-stabilized Pickering emulsion-templated porous scaffolds loaded with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for bone tissue engineering</atitle><jtitle>Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine</jtitle><addtitle>J Mater Chem B</addtitle><date>2024-09-25</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>37</issue><spage>9312</spage><epage>9324</epage><pages>9312-9324</pages><issn>2050-750X</issn><issn>2050-7518</issn><eissn>2050-7518</eissn><abstract>Dietary intake of ω-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can significantly improve the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin. However, PUFAs are hydrophobic and highly sensitive to temperature, oxygen concentration, pH, and ionic strength. Hence, it is challenging to use PUFAs as bioactive compounds for bone tissue engineering. Here, we encapsulated PUFAs in liposomes to improve their stability. The hydrodynamic size of the PUFA-loaded liposomes was found to be 121.3 ± 35 nm. GC-MS analysis showed that the encapsulation efficiency of the PUFAs was 19.9 ± 3.4%. These PUFA-loaded liposomes were loaded into porous scaffolds that were prepared by polymerizing glycidyl methacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate monomers using the Pickering emulsion polymerization technique. Oleic acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles were used as the stabilizing agent to prepare these acrylate-based scaffolds containing PUFA-loaded liposomes (P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA)). SEM micrographs confirmed the porous nature of the scaffolds and the presence of well-adhered liposomes. An
in vitro
cytotoxicity study conducted using MG63 cells confirmed that these scaffolds showed desirable cytocompatibility. Cell adhesion study showed a well-spread morphology, indicating firm adhesion of the cells. The alizarin red staining of P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA) scaffolds showed 3- and 2-fold higher calcium deposition compared to the control on days 7 and 14, respectively. ALP activity was also 2-fold higher than that of the control on day 14. RT-PCR analysis of cells exposed to P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA) scaffolds showed significantly higher expression of osteogenic markers compared to the control. An antibacterial study conducted on
Staphylococcus aureus
showed a higher percentage inhibition and reactive oxygen species generation in samples treated with P-Lipo-IO(GMA-TMPTA) scaffolds. These desirable biological properties indicate that the developed scaffolds are suitable for bone tissue engineering.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) loaded onto the porous acrylate-based scaffolds significantly enhance the expression of osteogenic markers.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Royal Society of Chemistry</pub><pmid>39171408</pmid><doi>10.1039/d4tb00286e</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4921-9073</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine, 2024-09, Vol.12 (37), p.9312-9324 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Royal Society Of Chemistry Journals 2008- |
| subjects | Adhesion Alizarin Alkaline phosphatase Bioactive compounds Biocompatibility Biological properties Bones Cell adhesion Cytotoxicity Diet Dietary intake Emulsion polymerization Emulsions Encapsulation Fatty acids Food intake Hydrophobicity Ionic strength Iron oxides Liposomes Nanoparticles Oleic acid Osteocalcin Oxygen Photomicrographs Polyunsaturated fatty acids Reactive oxygen species Scaffolds Stabilizers (agents) Tissue engineering Trimethylolpropane triacrylate |
| title | Iron oxide nanoparticle-stabilized Pickering emulsion-templated porous scaffolds loaded with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for bone tissue engineering |
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