Pyridine modifications regulate the electronics and reactivity of Fe-pyridinophane complexes

12-Membered pyridinophanes are the focus of many studies as biological mimics, chelators, and catalytic precursors. Therefore, the desire to tune the reactivity of pyridinophanes to better control the applications of derivative metal complexes has inspired many structure-activity relationship studie...

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Veröffentlicht in:Dalton transactions : an international journal of inorganic chemistry 2023-01, Vol.52 (4), p.892-91
Hauptverfasser: Mekhail, Magy A, Pota, Kristof, Kharel, Sugam, Freire, David M, Green, Kayla N
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container_title Dalton transactions : an international journal of inorganic chemistry
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creator Mekhail, Magy A
Pota, Kristof
Kharel, Sugam
Freire, David M
Green, Kayla N
description 12-Membered pyridinophanes are the focus of many studies as biological mimics, chelators, and catalytic precursors. Therefore, the desire to tune the reactivity of pyridinophanes to better control the applications of derivative metal complexes has inspired many structure-activity relationship studies. However, the separation of structural versus electronic changes imparted by ligand modification has made these structure-activity relationship studies of transition metal catalysts challenging to define. In this work we show that 4-substitution of the pyridine ring in 12-membered tetra-aza pyridinophanes successfully provides a regulatory handle on the electronic properties of the metal center and, therefore, the catalytic C-C coupling activity of the respective iron complexes. The C-C coupling reaction catalyzed by Fe( L1-L6 ) provides a range of yields (32-58%) that directly correlate with iron redox potentials (Δ E 1/2 = 152 mV) and metal binding constants (Δlog  β = 3.45), while the geometry of the complexes was virtually indistinguishable. These are the first results to definitively show the redox potential and metal binding as independent properties from the coordination chemistry in one ligand series. Adjustments to these chemical properties were then shown to provide a regulatory handle for the C-C coupling reactivity tuned via pyridine substitution in pyridinophanes. Substitution of the pyridine ring in 12-membered tetra-aza pyridinophanes successfully provides a regulatory handle on log  β and the Fe( ii / iii ) redox couple. A C-C coupling reaction is used as a readout of these changes to the ligand.
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These are the first results to definitively show the redox potential and metal binding as independent properties from the coordination chemistry in one ligand series. Adjustments to these chemical properties were then shown to provide a regulatory handle for the C-C coupling reactivity tuned via pyridine substitution in pyridinophanes. Substitution of the pyridine ring in 12-membered tetra-aza pyridinophanes successfully provides a regulatory handle on log  β and the Fe( ii / iii ) redox couple. 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subjects Binding
Chelating Agents
Chemical properties
Coordination Complexes - chemistry
Coordination compounds
Coupling
Iron
Iron - chemistry
Ligands
Pyridines
Reactivity
Substitution reactions
Transition Elements
Transition metals
title Pyridine modifications regulate the electronics and reactivity of Fe-pyridinophane complexes
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