Titanium carbide ceramic nanocrystals to enhance the physicochemical properties of natural rubber composites
The mechanical strength of natural rubber (NR) was enhanced by incorporating novel titanium carbide (TiC) nanocrystals as a filling material. The rubber nanocomposites were prepared through mixing TiC nanoparticles with NR latex and the resulting NR/TiC masterbatch was further mixed at the solid sta...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | RSC advances 2020-05, Vol.1 (33), p.1929-19299 |
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| creator | Jayasinghe, J. M. A. R. B De Silva, Rangika T de Silva, K. M. Nalin de Silva, Rohini M Silva, Vinod Asantha |
| description | The mechanical strength of natural rubber (NR) was enhanced by incorporating novel titanium carbide (TiC) nanocrystals as a filling material. The rubber nanocomposites were prepared through mixing TiC nanoparticles with NR latex and the resulting NR/TiC masterbatch was further mixed at the solid stage with other chemicals
via
internal mixing. The final rubber composites prepared using TiC as the nanofiller were denoted as NR/TiC-0, NR/TiC-0.5, NR/TiC-1.0, NR/TiC-2.5, and NR/TiC-5.0; moreover, a comparative study was conducted using carbon black (CB-330) as the filler and the composites were denoted as NR/CB-1.0 and NR/CB-5.0. As per the results of tensile tests, the NR/TiC-1.0 composite revealed the highest tensile value of 31.13 MPa and this indicated improvement by 92% compared to that of the control (NR/TiC-0 (16.22 MPa)); moreover, it indicated improvements by 73% and 63% compared to the values of NR/CB-1.0 and NR/CB-5.0, respectively. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a better dispersion of the NR/TiC-1.0 composite compared to the other composites. Furthermore, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was conducted to observe the energy storage and loss properties at dynamic conditions; the results revealed that the highest storage peak and lowest loss peak were observed for the NR/TiC-1.0 composite. Also, thermogravimetric analysis revealed the superior thermal stability of the NR/TiC-1.0 composite to that of the others at the NR degradation temperature of around 400 °C. Importantly, the curing time (
t
90
) of NR/TiC-1.0 was reduced considerably compared to that of the other composites even the NR/CB composites, which would be beneficial for industries to save energy at the curing stages of tire-like applications. The improvements were significant when compared to the industrially well-known NR/CB composites and well above the industrially required minimum parameters of the tire industry. Ultimately, this will open up a distinct avenue for natural rubber reinforcement.
The mechanical strength of natural rubber (NR) was enhanced by incorporating novel titanium carbide (TiC) nanocrystals as a filling material. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1039/d0ra01943g |
| format | Article |
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via
internal mixing. The final rubber composites prepared using TiC as the nanofiller were denoted as NR/TiC-0, NR/TiC-0.5, NR/TiC-1.0, NR/TiC-2.5, and NR/TiC-5.0; moreover, a comparative study was conducted using carbon black (CB-330) as the filler and the composites were denoted as NR/CB-1.0 and NR/CB-5.0. As per the results of tensile tests, the NR/TiC-1.0 composite revealed the highest tensile value of 31.13 MPa and this indicated improvement by 92% compared to that of the control (NR/TiC-0 (16.22 MPa)); moreover, it indicated improvements by 73% and 63% compared to the values of NR/CB-1.0 and NR/CB-5.0, respectively. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a better dispersion of the NR/TiC-1.0 composite compared to the other composites. Furthermore, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was conducted to observe the energy storage and loss properties at dynamic conditions; the results revealed that the highest storage peak and lowest loss peak were observed for the NR/TiC-1.0 composite. Also, thermogravimetric analysis revealed the superior thermal stability of the NR/TiC-1.0 composite to that of the others at the NR degradation temperature of around 400 °C. Importantly, the curing time (
t
90
) of NR/TiC-1.0 was reduced considerably compared to that of the other composites even the NR/CB composites, which would be beneficial for industries to save energy at the curing stages of tire-like applications. The improvements were significant when compared to the industrially well-known NR/CB composites and well above the industrially required minimum parameters of the tire industry. Ultimately, this will open up a distinct avenue for natural rubber reinforcement.
The mechanical strength of natural rubber (NR) was enhanced by incorporating novel titanium carbide (TiC) nanocrystals as a filling material.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2046-2069</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2046-2069</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01943g</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35515424</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Royal Society of Chemistry</publisher><subject>Carbon black ; Chemistry ; Comparative studies ; Curing ; Dynamic mechanical analysis ; Energy conservation ; Energy storage ; Fillers ; Latex ; Nanocomposites ; Nanocrystals ; Nanoparticles ; Natural rubber ; Rubber ; Stability analysis ; Tensile tests ; Thermal stability ; Thermogravimetric analysis ; Titanium carbide</subject><ispartof>RSC advances, 2020-05, Vol.1 (33), p.1929-19299</ispartof><rights>This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.</rights><rights>Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2020</rights><rights>This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2020 The Royal Society of Chemistry</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c454t-cfadd7a7820aebe504a8df4158da3b7b94bf48db9e5bcd2b597ddbe9cc4fc4913</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c454t-cfadd7a7820aebe504a8df4158da3b7b94bf48db9e5bcd2b597ddbe9cc4fc4913</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7238-6737 ; 0000-0003-3219-3233 ; 0000-0003-0955-6366</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9054055/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9054055/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,861,882,27905,27906,53772,53774</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35515424$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jayasinghe, J. M. A. R. B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Silva, Rangika T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Silva, K. M. Nalin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Silva, Rohini M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silva, Vinod Asantha</creatorcontrib><title>Titanium carbide ceramic nanocrystals to enhance the physicochemical properties of natural rubber composites</title><title>RSC advances</title><addtitle>RSC Adv</addtitle><description>The mechanical strength of natural rubber (NR) was enhanced by incorporating novel titanium carbide (TiC) nanocrystals as a filling material. The rubber nanocomposites were prepared through mixing TiC nanoparticles with NR latex and the resulting NR/TiC masterbatch was further mixed at the solid stage with other chemicals
via
internal mixing. The final rubber composites prepared using TiC as the nanofiller were denoted as NR/TiC-0, NR/TiC-0.5, NR/TiC-1.0, NR/TiC-2.5, and NR/TiC-5.0; moreover, a comparative study was conducted using carbon black (CB-330) as the filler and the composites were denoted as NR/CB-1.0 and NR/CB-5.0. As per the results of tensile tests, the NR/TiC-1.0 composite revealed the highest tensile value of 31.13 MPa and this indicated improvement by 92% compared to that of the control (NR/TiC-0 (16.22 MPa)); moreover, it indicated improvements by 73% and 63% compared to the values of NR/CB-1.0 and NR/CB-5.0, respectively. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a better dispersion of the NR/TiC-1.0 composite compared to the other composites. Furthermore, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was conducted to observe the energy storage and loss properties at dynamic conditions; the results revealed that the highest storage peak and lowest loss peak were observed for the NR/TiC-1.0 composite. Also, thermogravimetric analysis revealed the superior thermal stability of the NR/TiC-1.0 composite to that of the others at the NR degradation temperature of around 400 °C. Importantly, the curing time (
t
90
) of NR/TiC-1.0 was reduced considerably compared to that of the other composites even the NR/CB composites, which would be beneficial for industries to save energy at the curing stages of tire-like applications. The improvements were significant when compared to the industrially well-known NR/CB composites and well above the industrially required minimum parameters of the tire industry. Ultimately, this will open up a distinct avenue for natural rubber reinforcement.
The mechanical strength of natural rubber (NR) was enhanced by incorporating novel titanium carbide (TiC) nanocrystals as a filling material.</description><subject>Carbon black</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Comparative studies</subject><subject>Curing</subject><subject>Dynamic mechanical analysis</subject><subject>Energy conservation</subject><subject>Energy storage</subject><subject>Fillers</subject><subject>Latex</subject><subject>Nanocomposites</subject><subject>Nanocrystals</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Natural rubber</subject><subject>Rubber</subject><subject>Stability analysis</subject><subject>Tensile tests</subject><subject>Thermal stability</subject><subject>Thermogravimetric analysis</subject><subject>Titanium carbide</subject><issn>2046-2069</issn><issn>2046-2069</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kk1rFTEYhYMotrTduFcibkS4NckkM5ONUKpWoVCQug75eKeTMpOMSUa4_960t16rC7NJyHlyOMkJQi8oOaWkke8dSZpQyZubJ-iQEd5uGGnl00frA3SS8y2poxWUtfQ5OmiEoIIzfoima1908OuMrU7GO8AWkp69xUGHaNM2Fz1lXCKGMOpgAZcR8DJus7fRjlBJPeElxQVS8ZBxHOrJsqa6m1ZjIGEb5yVmXyAfo2dDdYOTh_kIff_86fr8y-by6uLr-dnlxnLBy8YO2rlOdz0jGgwIwnXvBk5F73RjOiO5GXjvjARhrGNGyM45A9JaPlguaXOEPux8l9XM4CyEUvOoJflZp62K2qu_leBHdRN_KkkEJ0JUg7cPBin-WCEXNftsYZp0gLhmxdqWkp5RRir65h_0Nq4p1OspxuvrN6Tp7qh3O8qmmHOCYR-GEnXXo_pIvp3d93hR4VeP4-_R361V4OUOSNnu1T8foeqv_6erxQ3NL0YMsc0</recordid><startdate>20200520</startdate><enddate>20200520</enddate><creator>Jayasinghe, J. M. A. R. B</creator><creator>De Silva, Rangika T</creator><creator>de Silva, K. M. Nalin</creator><creator>de Silva, Rohini M</creator><creator>Silva, Vinod Asantha</creator><general>Royal Society of Chemistry</general><general>The Royal Society of Chemistry</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7238-6737</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3219-3233</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0955-6366</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200520</creationdate><title>Titanium carbide ceramic nanocrystals to enhance the physicochemical properties of natural rubber composites</title><author>Jayasinghe, J. M. A. R. B ; De Silva, Rangika T ; de Silva, K. M. Nalin ; de Silva, Rohini M ; Silva, Vinod Asantha</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c454t-cfadd7a7820aebe504a8df4158da3b7b94bf48db9e5bcd2b597ddbe9cc4fc4913</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Carbon black</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Comparative studies</topic><topic>Curing</topic><topic>Dynamic mechanical analysis</topic><topic>Energy conservation</topic><topic>Energy storage</topic><topic>Fillers</topic><topic>Latex</topic><topic>Nanocomposites</topic><topic>Nanocrystals</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Natural rubber</topic><topic>Rubber</topic><topic>Stability analysis</topic><topic>Tensile tests</topic><topic>Thermal stability</topic><topic>Thermogravimetric analysis</topic><topic>Titanium carbide</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jayasinghe, J. M. A. R. B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Silva, Rangika T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Silva, K. M. Nalin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Silva, Rohini M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silva, Vinod Asantha</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>RSC advances</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jayasinghe, J. M. A. R. B</au><au>De Silva, Rangika T</au><au>de Silva, K. M. Nalin</au><au>de Silva, Rohini M</au><au>Silva, Vinod Asantha</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Titanium carbide ceramic nanocrystals to enhance the physicochemical properties of natural rubber composites</atitle><jtitle>RSC advances</jtitle><addtitle>RSC Adv</addtitle><date>2020-05-20</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>1</volume><issue>33</issue><spage>1929</spage><epage>19299</epage><pages>1929-19299</pages><issn>2046-2069</issn><eissn>2046-2069</eissn><abstract>The mechanical strength of natural rubber (NR) was enhanced by incorporating novel titanium carbide (TiC) nanocrystals as a filling material. The rubber nanocomposites were prepared through mixing TiC nanoparticles with NR latex and the resulting NR/TiC masterbatch was further mixed at the solid stage with other chemicals
via
internal mixing. The final rubber composites prepared using TiC as the nanofiller were denoted as NR/TiC-0, NR/TiC-0.5, NR/TiC-1.0, NR/TiC-2.5, and NR/TiC-5.0; moreover, a comparative study was conducted using carbon black (CB-330) as the filler and the composites were denoted as NR/CB-1.0 and NR/CB-5.0. As per the results of tensile tests, the NR/TiC-1.0 composite revealed the highest tensile value of 31.13 MPa and this indicated improvement by 92% compared to that of the control (NR/TiC-0 (16.22 MPa)); moreover, it indicated improvements by 73% and 63% compared to the values of NR/CB-1.0 and NR/CB-5.0, respectively. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a better dispersion of the NR/TiC-1.0 composite compared to the other composites. Furthermore, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was conducted to observe the energy storage and loss properties at dynamic conditions; the results revealed that the highest storage peak and lowest loss peak were observed for the NR/TiC-1.0 composite. Also, thermogravimetric analysis revealed the superior thermal stability of the NR/TiC-1.0 composite to that of the others at the NR degradation temperature of around 400 °C. Importantly, the curing time (
t
90
) of NR/TiC-1.0 was reduced considerably compared to that of the other composites even the NR/CB composites, which would be beneficial for industries to save energy at the curing stages of tire-like applications. The improvements were significant when compared to the industrially well-known NR/CB composites and well above the industrially required minimum parameters of the tire industry. Ultimately, this will open up a distinct avenue for natural rubber reinforcement.
The mechanical strength of natural rubber (NR) was enhanced by incorporating novel titanium carbide (TiC) nanocrystals as a filling material.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Royal Society of Chemistry</pub><pmid>35515424</pmid><doi>10.1039/d0ra01943g</doi><tpages>1</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7238-6737</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3219-3233</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0955-6366</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Carbon black Chemistry Comparative studies Curing Dynamic mechanical analysis Energy conservation Energy storage Fillers Latex Nanocomposites Nanocrystals Nanoparticles Natural rubber Rubber Stability analysis Tensile tests Thermal stability Thermogravimetric analysis Titanium carbide |
| title | Titanium carbide ceramic nanocrystals to enhance the physicochemical properties of natural rubber composites |
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