Cationic dye adsorption and separation at discrete molecular level: first example of an iron cluster with rapid and selective adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous system

A hexanuclear iron( iii ) complex, [Fe 6 III (μ 3 -O)(edteH) 2 (piv) 6 (N 3 ) 2 ] ( 1 ), was prepared by the reaction of FeCl 2 ·4H 2 O with N , N , N ′, N ′-tetrakis(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine (H 4 edte) and pivalic acid (Hpiv) in the presence of NaN 3 in MeCN/CH 2 Cl 2 . Its X-ray structure de...

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Veröffentlicht in:New journal of chemistry 2021-01, Vol.45 (3), p.1415-1422
Hauptverfasser: Akhtar, Muhammad Nadeem, Shahid, M, AlDamen, Murad A, Khalid, Muhammad, Akram, Muhammad
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creator Akhtar, Muhammad Nadeem
Shahid, M
AlDamen, Murad A
Khalid, Muhammad
Akram, Muhammad
description A hexanuclear iron( iii ) complex, [Fe 6 III (μ 3 -O)(edteH) 2 (piv) 6 (N 3 ) 2 ] ( 1 ), was prepared by the reaction of FeCl 2 ·4H 2 O with N , N , N ′, N ′-tetrakis(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine (H 4 edte) and pivalic acid (Hpiv) in the presence of NaN 3 in MeCN/CH 2 Cl 2 . Its X-ray structure determination demonstrated a centrosymmetric complex with two triangular [Fe 3 (μ 3 -O)] 7+ units. To verify the importance of this material, the adsorption study for 1 was performed. The use of 1 as a possible dye adsorbent was evaluated in an aqueous medium on two model dyes: methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO). The results obtained indicated that 1 showed remarkable adsorption properties for MB (88.60%). This Fe cluster is the first example of a homometallic coordination cluster that presents an exciting adsorption property. The adsorption factor was that free O-H groups in the coordination cluster delivered O-H π interactions through the MB dye, which was attributed to enhanced adsorption. The effects of various parameters, such as pH and temperature, were studied. The MB adsorption efficiency by adsorbent was ∼89% at neutral pH; however, for MO, it was ∼48% at the same pH. Also, MB adsorption at a higher temperature (40 °C) was ∼96%, whereas ∼61% for MO. The kinetic data provided a good confirmation of the adsorption pathways, i.e. the pseudo-second-order. Overall, this study disclosed an easy-to-prepare, stable, and reusable iron( iii ) cluster as a cost-effective, eco-friendly and efficient adsorbent for hazardous water-soluble aromatic dyes. This type of adsorbents can be fine-tuned further for the desired efficiency and dye selectivity. A novel Fe 6 cluster was designed as a rare example of any discrete molecule as a highly efficient, selective and rapid functional material for the adsorption of cationic dyes, i.e. methylene blue (MB), from contaminated water bodies.
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Its X-ray structure determination demonstrated a centrosymmetric complex with two triangular [Fe 3 (μ 3 -O)] 7+ units. To verify the importance of this material, the adsorption study for 1 was performed. The use of 1 as a possible dye adsorbent was evaluated in an aqueous medium on two model dyes: methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO). The results obtained indicated that 1 showed remarkable adsorption properties for MB (88.60%). This Fe cluster is the first example of a homometallic coordination cluster that presents an exciting adsorption property. The adsorption factor was that free O-H groups in the coordination cluster delivered O-H π interactions through the MB dye, which was attributed to enhanced adsorption. The effects of various parameters, such as pH and temperature, were studied. The MB adsorption efficiency by adsorbent was ∼89% at neutral pH; however, for MO, it was ∼48% at the same pH. Also, MB adsorption at a higher temperature (40 °C) was ∼96%, whereas ∼61% for MO. The kinetic data provided a good confirmation of the adsorption pathways, i.e. the pseudo-second-order. Overall, this study disclosed an easy-to-prepare, stable, and reusable iron( iii ) cluster as a cost-effective, eco-friendly and efficient adsorbent for hazardous water-soluble aromatic dyes. This type of adsorbents can be fine-tuned further for the desired efficiency and dye selectivity. 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Its X-ray structure determination demonstrated a centrosymmetric complex with two triangular [Fe 3 (μ 3 -O)] 7+ units. To verify the importance of this material, the adsorption study for 1 was performed. The use of 1 as a possible dye adsorbent was evaluated in an aqueous medium on two model dyes: methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO). The results obtained indicated that 1 showed remarkable adsorption properties for MB (88.60%). This Fe cluster is the first example of a homometallic coordination cluster that presents an exciting adsorption property. The adsorption factor was that free O-H groups in the coordination cluster delivered O-H π interactions through the MB dye, which was attributed to enhanced adsorption. The effects of various parameters, such as pH and temperature, were studied. The MB adsorption efficiency by adsorbent was ∼89% at neutral pH; however, for MO, it was ∼48% at the same pH. Also, MB adsorption at a higher temperature (40 °C) was ∼96%, whereas ∼61% for MO. The kinetic data provided a good confirmation of the adsorption pathways, i.e. the pseudo-second-order. Overall, this study disclosed an easy-to-prepare, stable, and reusable iron( iii ) cluster as a cost-effective, eco-friendly and efficient adsorbent for hazardous water-soluble aromatic dyes. This type of adsorbents can be fine-tuned further for the desired efficiency and dye selectivity. 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source Royal Society Of Chemistry Journals 2008-; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Adsorbents
Adsorption
Aqueous solutions
Cationic dyes
Clusters
Coordination
Crystallography
Dichloromethane
Dyes
Ethylenediamine
Iron chlorides
Methylene blue
Selective adsorption
Selectivity
Sodium azides
title Cationic dye adsorption and separation at discrete molecular level: first example of an iron cluster with rapid and selective adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous system
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