From nanoparticles to bulk crystalline solid: nucleation, growth kinetics and crystallisation of mixed oxide ZrxTi1−xO2 nanoparticles
We describe the preparation of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles of a desirable composition and their transformation to the crystalline solids Zr x Ti 1− x O 2 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) after heat treatment. The correlation analysis between the size of the nucleus, the crystalline phase and the elemental compos...
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| creator | Cheng, K Chhor, K Brinza, O Vrel, D Kanaev, A |
| description | We describe the preparation of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles of a desirable composition and their transformation to the crystalline solids Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
(0.0 ≤
x
≤ 1.0) after heat treatment. The correlation analysis between the size of the nucleus, the crystalline phase and the elemental composition of the solid is presented. Mixed metal oxide zirconium-titanium-oxo-alkoxy (ZTOA) nanoparticles of different elemental compositions 0 ≤
x
=
C
Zr
/(
C
Zr
+
C
Ti
) ≤ 1 were prepared
via
the sol-gel method in a reactor by rapid micromixing of
n
-propanol fluids containing the precursors and water. The structural transformation of the nanoparticles takes place in two temperature ranges, 210-250 °C and 380-680 °C, which sensitively depends on the elemental composition. In the range 0.3 ≤
x
≤ 0.6, stable ZTOA nanoparticles with a radius of 2.1 ± 0.05 nm appeared at the hydrolysis ratio
H
≤ 1.5. The heat treatment results in a single orthorhombic Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
phase. The crystallisation onset temperature was the highest in this range of
x
, attaining 680 °C at
x
= 0.5. In the range 0 ≤
x
≤ 0.2, the particle radius decreased to 1.6 nm for pure titanium-oxo-alkoxy nuclei (TOA,
x
= 0); their heat treatment resulted in a single TiO
2
anatase phase. In the range 0.7 ≤
x
≤ 1, the particle radius decreased to 1.8 nm for pure zirconium-oxo-alkoxy nuclei (ZOA,
x
= 1); their heat treatment resulted in mixed monoclinic and tetragonal ZrO
2
phases. The crystalline cell parameters of the observed phases underwent a continuous variation with
x
. TEM images evidenced the nanoporous structure of submicronic orthorhombic Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
monocrystals with a mean pore size of about that of the ZTOA nanoparticles.
We describe the preparation of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles of a desirable composition and their transformation to the crystalline solids Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
(0.0 ≤
x
≤ 1.0) after heat treatment. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1039/c7ce00505a |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>rsc</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_rsc_primary_c7ce00505a</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>c7ce00505a</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-g240t-e3e095902e64dcbf0768f0fda90f2b4ae7cb702ae11273826466f033c36885993</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kL1KA0EUhQdBMEYbe-Hau3pnZn_tJBgVAmliY7PMzk8cs7sTZja4eYJY-4g-iYsKwcbqFN8593AuIWcUryjy4lpmUiMmmIgDMqJxmkY5cn5EjkN4RaQxpTgiu6l3DbSidWvhOytrHaBzUG3qFUi_DZ2oa9tqCK626gbazeAQnXXtJSy9e-teYDXgIRhAtGofCd8mcAYa22sFrrdKw7PvF5Z-vn_0c_a39IQcGlEHffqrY_I0vVtMHqLZ_P5xcjuLlizGLtJcY5EUyHQaK1kZzNLcoFGiQMOqWOhMVhkyoSllGc9ZOsw2w2rJ0zxPioKPyfnPXR9kufa2EX5b7j818Iv_eLlWhn8BdGBtsw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Enrichment Source</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>From nanoparticles to bulk crystalline solid: nucleation, growth kinetics and crystallisation of mixed oxide ZrxTi1−xO2 nanoparticles</title><source>Royal Society Of Chemistry Journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Cheng, K ; Chhor, K ; Brinza, O ; Vrel, D ; Kanaev, A</creator><creatorcontrib>Cheng, K ; Chhor, K ; Brinza, O ; Vrel, D ; Kanaev, A</creatorcontrib><description>We describe the preparation of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles of a desirable composition and their transformation to the crystalline solids Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
(0.0 ≤
x
≤ 1.0) after heat treatment. The correlation analysis between the size of the nucleus, the crystalline phase and the elemental composition of the solid is presented. Mixed metal oxide zirconium-titanium-oxo-alkoxy (ZTOA) nanoparticles of different elemental compositions 0 ≤
x
=
C
Zr
/(
C
Zr
+
C
Ti
) ≤ 1 were prepared
via
the sol-gel method in a reactor by rapid micromixing of
n
-propanol fluids containing the precursors and water. The structural transformation of the nanoparticles takes place in two temperature ranges, 210-250 °C and 380-680 °C, which sensitively depends on the elemental composition. In the range 0.3 ≤
x
≤ 0.6, stable ZTOA nanoparticles with a radius of 2.1 ± 0.05 nm appeared at the hydrolysis ratio
H
≤ 1.5. The heat treatment results in a single orthorhombic Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
phase. The crystallisation onset temperature was the highest in this range of
x
, attaining 680 °C at
x
= 0.5. In the range 0 ≤
x
≤ 0.2, the particle radius decreased to 1.6 nm for pure titanium-oxo-alkoxy nuclei (TOA,
x
= 0); their heat treatment resulted in a single TiO
2
anatase phase. In the range 0.7 ≤
x
≤ 1, the particle radius decreased to 1.8 nm for pure zirconium-oxo-alkoxy nuclei (ZOA,
x
= 1); their heat treatment resulted in mixed monoclinic and tetragonal ZrO
2
phases. The crystalline cell parameters of the observed phases underwent a continuous variation with
x
. TEM images evidenced the nanoporous structure of submicronic orthorhombic Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
monocrystals with a mean pore size of about that of the ZTOA nanoparticles.
We describe the preparation of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles of a desirable composition and their transformation to the crystalline solids Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
(0.0 ≤
x
≤ 1.0) after heat treatment.</description><identifier>EISSN: 1466-8033</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00505a</identifier><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,4026,27930,27931,27932</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cheng, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chhor, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brinza, O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vrel, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanaev, A</creatorcontrib><title>From nanoparticles to bulk crystalline solid: nucleation, growth kinetics and crystallisation of mixed oxide ZrxTi1−xO2 nanoparticles</title><description>We describe the preparation of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles of a desirable composition and their transformation to the crystalline solids Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
(0.0 ≤
x
≤ 1.0) after heat treatment. The correlation analysis between the size of the nucleus, the crystalline phase and the elemental composition of the solid is presented. Mixed metal oxide zirconium-titanium-oxo-alkoxy (ZTOA) nanoparticles of different elemental compositions 0 ≤
x
=
C
Zr
/(
C
Zr
+
C
Ti
) ≤ 1 were prepared
via
the sol-gel method in a reactor by rapid micromixing of
n
-propanol fluids containing the precursors and water. The structural transformation of the nanoparticles takes place in two temperature ranges, 210-250 °C and 380-680 °C, which sensitively depends on the elemental composition. In the range 0.3 ≤
x
≤ 0.6, stable ZTOA nanoparticles with a radius of 2.1 ± 0.05 nm appeared at the hydrolysis ratio
H
≤ 1.5. The heat treatment results in a single orthorhombic Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
phase. The crystallisation onset temperature was the highest in this range of
x
, attaining 680 °C at
x
= 0.5. In the range 0 ≤
x
≤ 0.2, the particle radius decreased to 1.6 nm for pure titanium-oxo-alkoxy nuclei (TOA,
x
= 0); their heat treatment resulted in a single TiO
2
anatase phase. In the range 0.7 ≤
x
≤ 1, the particle radius decreased to 1.8 nm for pure zirconium-oxo-alkoxy nuclei (ZOA,
x
= 1); their heat treatment resulted in mixed monoclinic and tetragonal ZrO
2
phases. The crystalline cell parameters of the observed phases underwent a continuous variation with
x
. TEM images evidenced the nanoporous structure of submicronic orthorhombic Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
monocrystals with a mean pore size of about that of the ZTOA nanoparticles.
We describe the preparation of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles of a desirable composition and their transformation to the crystalline solids Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
(0.0 ≤
x
≤ 1.0) after heat treatment.</description><issn>1466-8033</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid/><recordid>eNp9kL1KA0EUhQdBMEYbe-Hau3pnZn_tJBgVAmliY7PMzk8cs7sTZja4eYJY-4g-iYsKwcbqFN8593AuIWcUryjy4lpmUiMmmIgDMqJxmkY5cn5EjkN4RaQxpTgiu6l3DbSidWvhOytrHaBzUG3qFUi_DZ2oa9tqCK626gbazeAQnXXtJSy9e-teYDXgIRhAtGofCd8mcAYa22sFrrdKw7PvF5Z-vn_0c_a39IQcGlEHffqrY_I0vVtMHqLZ_P5xcjuLlizGLtJcY5EUyHQaK1kZzNLcoFGiQMOqWOhMVhkyoSllGc9ZOsw2w2rJ0zxPioKPyfnPXR9kufa2EX5b7j818Iv_eLlWhn8BdGBtsw</recordid><startdate>2017</startdate><enddate>2017</enddate><creator>Cheng, K</creator><creator>Chhor, K</creator><creator>Brinza, O</creator><creator>Vrel, D</creator><creator>Kanaev, A</creator><scope/></search><sort><creationdate>2017</creationdate><title>From nanoparticles to bulk crystalline solid: nucleation, growth kinetics and crystallisation of mixed oxide ZrxTi1−xO2 nanoparticles</title><author>Cheng, K ; Chhor, K ; Brinza, O ; Vrel, D ; Kanaev, A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-g240t-e3e095902e64dcbf0768f0fda90f2b4ae7cb702ae11273826466f033c36885993</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cheng, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chhor, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brinza, O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vrel, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanaev, A</creatorcontrib></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cheng, K</au><au>Chhor, K</au><au>Brinza, O</au><au>Vrel, D</au><au>Kanaev, A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>From nanoparticles to bulk crystalline solid: nucleation, growth kinetics and crystallisation of mixed oxide ZrxTi1−xO2 nanoparticles</atitle><date>2017</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>28</issue><spage>3955</spage><epage>3965</epage><pages>3955-3965</pages><eissn>1466-8033</eissn><abstract>We describe the preparation of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles of a desirable composition and their transformation to the crystalline solids Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
(0.0 ≤
x
≤ 1.0) after heat treatment. The correlation analysis between the size of the nucleus, the crystalline phase and the elemental composition of the solid is presented. Mixed metal oxide zirconium-titanium-oxo-alkoxy (ZTOA) nanoparticles of different elemental compositions 0 ≤
x
=
C
Zr
/(
C
Zr
+
C
Ti
) ≤ 1 were prepared
via
the sol-gel method in a reactor by rapid micromixing of
n
-propanol fluids containing the precursors and water. The structural transformation of the nanoparticles takes place in two temperature ranges, 210-250 °C and 380-680 °C, which sensitively depends on the elemental composition. In the range 0.3 ≤
x
≤ 0.6, stable ZTOA nanoparticles with a radius of 2.1 ± 0.05 nm appeared at the hydrolysis ratio
H
≤ 1.5. The heat treatment results in a single orthorhombic Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
phase. The crystallisation onset temperature was the highest in this range of
x
, attaining 680 °C at
x
= 0.5. In the range 0 ≤
x
≤ 0.2, the particle radius decreased to 1.6 nm for pure titanium-oxo-alkoxy nuclei (TOA,
x
= 0); their heat treatment resulted in a single TiO
2
anatase phase. In the range 0.7 ≤
x
≤ 1, the particle radius decreased to 1.8 nm for pure zirconium-oxo-alkoxy nuclei (ZOA,
x
= 1); their heat treatment resulted in mixed monoclinic and tetragonal ZrO
2
phases. The crystalline cell parameters of the observed phases underwent a continuous variation with
x
. TEM images evidenced the nanoporous structure of submicronic orthorhombic Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
monocrystals with a mean pore size of about that of the ZTOA nanoparticles.
We describe the preparation of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles of a desirable composition and their transformation to the crystalline solids Zr
x
Ti
1−
x
O
2
(0.0 ≤
x
≤ 1.0) after heat treatment.</abstract><doi>10.1039/c7ce00505a</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | Royal Society Of Chemistry Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| title | From nanoparticles to bulk crystalline solid: nucleation, growth kinetics and crystallisation of mixed oxide ZrxTi1−xO2 nanoparticles |
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