Triester-amide based on thiophene and ricinoleic acid as an innovative primary plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride)

It is necessary to replace phthalate plasticizers which are used in PVC as they are found to be carcinogenic and hazardous to human health. They can be substituted with other bio based plasticizers which are non toxic. We have synthesized a triester amide of thiophene (THPRABA) with ricinoleic acid (RA) and benzoic acid (BA) reacting with a diester derivative of 2-aminothiophene (THP) which itself is procured by using Gewald multicomponent synthesis. The structure of the THPRABA was confirmed by IR, 1 H NMR, acid value, and hydroxyl value. The DOP was replaced entirely by THPRABA as a plasticizer for PVC in all samples with a varying proportion of THPRABA from 10 phr to 50 phr with a fixed heat stabilizer content as 5 phr. The incorporation of THPRABA shows a decrease in tensile and mechanical properties, glass transition temperature ( T g ), crystallinity and shore hardness properties. The yellowness index shows darkening of PVC sheets with a decrease in whiteness. Hence it can replace DOP in plasticizer application successfully in some application areas of PVC. The synthesized triester amide (THPRABA) gives an alternative to the phthalate plasticizers.