Accurate dispensing of volatile reagents on demand for chemical reactions in EWOD chipsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40244k
Digital microfluidic chips provide a new platform for manipulating chemicals for multi-step chemical synthesis or assays at the microscale. The organic solvents and reagents needed for these applications are often volatile, sensitive to contamination, and wetting, i.e. have contact angles of
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| creator | Ding, Huijiang Sadeghi, Saman Shah, Gaurav J Chen, Supin Keng, Pei Yuin Kim, Chang-Jin "CJ" van Dam, R. Michael |
| description | Digital microfluidic chips provide a new platform for manipulating chemicals for multi-step chemical synthesis or assays at the microscale. The organic solvents and reagents needed for these applications are often volatile, sensitive to contamination, and wetting,
i.e.
have contact angles of |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1039/c2lc40244k |
| format | Article |
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i.e.
have contact angles of <90° even on the highly hydrophobic surfaces (
e.g.
, Teflon® or Cytop®) typically used on digital microfluidic chips. Furthermore, often the applications dictate that the processes are performed in a gas environment, not allowing the use of a filler liquid (
e.g.
, oil). These properties pose challenges for delivering controlled volumes of liquid to the chip. An automated, simple, accurate and reliable method of delivering reagents from sealed, off-chip reservoirs is presented here. This platform overcomes the issues of evaporative losses of volatile solvents, cross-contamination, and flooding of the chip by combining a syringe pump, a simple on-chip liquid detector and a robust interface design. The impedance-based liquid detection requires only minimal added hardware to provide a feedback signal to ensure accurate volumes of volatile solvents are introduced to the chip, independent of time delays between dispensing operations. On-demand dispensing of multiple droplets of acetonitrile, a frequently used but difficult to handle solvent due to its wetting properties and volatility, was demonstrated and used to synthesize the positron emission tomography (PET) probe [
18
F]FDG reliably.
We describe a practical system for accurate on-demand dispensing of volatile, sensitive reagents from off-chip storage to an EWOD chip for applications such as micro-chemical synthesis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1473-0197</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1473-0189</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40244k</identifier><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012-08</creationdate><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ding, Huijiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sadeghi, Saman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Gaurav J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Supin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keng, Pei Yuin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Chang-Jin "CJ"</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Dam, R. Michael</creatorcontrib><title>Accurate dispensing of volatile reagents on demand for chemical reactions in EWOD chipsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40244k</title><description>Digital microfluidic chips provide a new platform for manipulating chemicals for multi-step chemical synthesis or assays at the microscale. The organic solvents and reagents needed for these applications are often volatile, sensitive to contamination, and wetting,
i.e.
have contact angles of <90° even on the highly hydrophobic surfaces (
e.g.
, Teflon® or Cytop®) typically used on digital microfluidic chips. Furthermore, often the applications dictate that the processes are performed in a gas environment, not allowing the use of a filler liquid (
e.g.
, oil). These properties pose challenges for delivering controlled volumes of liquid to the chip. An automated, simple, accurate and reliable method of delivering reagents from sealed, off-chip reservoirs is presented here. This platform overcomes the issues of evaporative losses of volatile solvents, cross-contamination, and flooding of the chip by combining a syringe pump, a simple on-chip liquid detector and a robust interface design. The impedance-based liquid detection requires only minimal added hardware to provide a feedback signal to ensure accurate volumes of volatile solvents are introduced to the chip, independent of time delays between dispensing operations. On-demand dispensing of multiple droplets of acetonitrile, a frequently used but difficult to handle solvent due to its wetting properties and volatility, was demonstrated and used to synthesize the positron emission tomography (PET) probe [
18
F]FDG reliably.
We describe a practical system for accurate on-demand dispensing of volatile, sensitive reagents from off-chip storage to an EWOD chip for applications such as micro-chemical synthesis.</description><issn>1473-0197</issn><issn>1473-0189</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid/><recordid>eNqFj01LAzEYhIMoWD8u3oXXmx5ak260XW9iV-yphwoel9fsuzWaL5K04D_yZ5qC6EHQ0ww8MwPD2IngI8Gr-lKNjZJ8LOXbDhsIOamGXEzr3W9fT_bZQUqvnIsreT0dsI9bpdYRM0GnUyCXtFuB72HjDWZtCCLhilxO4B10ZNF10PsI6oWsVmi2XGXtXQLtoHlazArSITWGVI7eaQVpHYIhW0YwvpdUqVvcVuC8Wc4vADeoDT4bGsGSCGaL-Q38_nPE9no0iY6_9JCd3jePdw_DmFQborZlvP2JV__zs794G7q--gQOH2mP</recordid><startdate>20120814</startdate><enddate>20120814</enddate><creator>Ding, Huijiang</creator><creator>Sadeghi, Saman</creator><creator>Shah, Gaurav J</creator><creator>Chen, Supin</creator><creator>Keng, Pei Yuin</creator><creator>Kim, Chang-Jin "CJ"</creator><creator>van Dam, R. Michael</creator><scope/></search><sort><creationdate>20120814</creationdate><title>Accurate dispensing of volatile reagents on demand for chemical reactions in EWOD chipsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40244k</title><author>Ding, Huijiang ; Sadeghi, Saman ; Shah, Gaurav J ; Chen, Supin ; Keng, Pei Yuin ; Kim, Chang-Jin "CJ" ; van Dam, R. Michael</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-rsc_primary_c2lc40244k3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ding, Huijiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sadeghi, Saman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Gaurav J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Supin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keng, Pei Yuin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Chang-Jin "CJ"</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Dam, R. Michael</creatorcontrib></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ding, Huijiang</au><au>Sadeghi, Saman</au><au>Shah, Gaurav J</au><au>Chen, Supin</au><au>Keng, Pei Yuin</au><au>Kim, Chang-Jin "CJ"</au><au>van Dam, R. Michael</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Accurate dispensing of volatile reagents on demand for chemical reactions in EWOD chipsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40244k</atitle><date>2012-08-14</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>18</issue><spage>3331</spage><epage>334</epage><pages>3331-334</pages><issn>1473-0197</issn><eissn>1473-0189</eissn><abstract>Digital microfluidic chips provide a new platform for manipulating chemicals for multi-step chemical synthesis or assays at the microscale. The organic solvents and reagents needed for these applications are often volatile, sensitive to contamination, and wetting,
i.e.
have contact angles of <90° even on the highly hydrophobic surfaces (
e.g.
, Teflon® or Cytop®) typically used on digital microfluidic chips. Furthermore, often the applications dictate that the processes are performed in a gas environment, not allowing the use of a filler liquid (
e.g.
, oil). These properties pose challenges for delivering controlled volumes of liquid to the chip. An automated, simple, accurate and reliable method of delivering reagents from sealed, off-chip reservoirs is presented here. This platform overcomes the issues of evaporative losses of volatile solvents, cross-contamination, and flooding of the chip by combining a syringe pump, a simple on-chip liquid detector and a robust interface design. The impedance-based liquid detection requires only minimal added hardware to provide a feedback signal to ensure accurate volumes of volatile solvents are introduced to the chip, independent of time delays between dispensing operations. On-demand dispensing of multiple droplets of acetonitrile, a frequently used but difficult to handle solvent due to its wetting properties and volatility, was demonstrated and used to synthesize the positron emission tomography (PET) probe [
18
F]FDG reliably.
We describe a practical system for accurate on-demand dispensing of volatile, sensitive reagents from off-chip storage to an EWOD chip for applications such as micro-chemical synthesis.</abstract><doi>10.1039/c2lc40244k</doi><tpages>1</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | Alma/SFX Local Collection; Royal Society of Chemistry E-Journals |
| title | Accurate dispensing of volatile reagents on demand for chemical reactions in EWOD chipsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40244k |
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