Secular trends in low birth weight and child undernutrition in West Africa: evidence from complex nationwide surveys, 1985–2019
We present prevalence estimates and secular trends of stunting, wasting, underweight, and anaemia among children under 5 years of age and low birth weight (LBW) over the period 1985-2019 in West Africa (WA). Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and World Bank data. DerSimonian-Laird rando...
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description | We present prevalence estimates and secular trends of stunting, wasting, underweight, and anaemia among children under 5 years of age and low birth weight (LBW) over the period 1985-2019 in West Africa (WA).
Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and World Bank data. DerSimonian-Laird random effect model with the Knapp-Hartung adjustment to the standard error was used to derive overall prevalence estimates. We used fixed effect ordinary least square regression models with cluster robust standard error to conduct time trends analyses.
West Africa.
Children aged 0 to 59 months.
Three distinct periods (1986-1990, 1993-1996 and 1997-2000) of sharp increases in prevalence of all outcomes was observed. After the year 2000, prevalence of all outcomes except LBW started to decline with some fluctuations. LBW prevalence showed a steady increase after 2000. We observed a decline in prevalence of stunting (
= -0·20 %; 95 % CI -0·43 %, 0·03 %), log-wasting (
= -0·02 %; 95 % CI -0·02 %, -0·01 %), log-underweight (
= -0·02 %; 95 % CI -0·03 %, -0·01 %) anaemia (
= -0·44; 95 % CI -0·55 %, -0·34 %), and an increase in LBW (
= 0·06 %; 95 % CI -0·10 %, 0·22 %) in WA over the period. Pooled prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight, anaemia and LBW in WA for the period 1985-2019 was 26·1 %, 16·4 %, 22·7 %, 76·2 % and 11·3 %, respectively.
Child undernutrition prevalence varied greatly between countries and the year cohorts. We observed marginal reductions in prevalence of all outcomes except anaemia where the reductions were quite striking and LBW where an increase was noted. There is the need for more rigorous and sustained targeted interventions in WA. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S1368980022000155 |
format | Article |
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Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and World Bank data. DerSimonian-Laird random effect model with the Knapp-Hartung adjustment to the standard error was used to derive overall prevalence estimates. We used fixed effect ordinary least square regression models with cluster robust standard error to conduct time trends analyses.
West Africa.
Children aged 0 to 59 months.
Three distinct periods (1986-1990, 1993-1996 and 1997-2000) of sharp increases in prevalence of all outcomes was observed. After the year 2000, prevalence of all outcomes except LBW started to decline with some fluctuations. LBW prevalence showed a steady increase after 2000. We observed a decline in prevalence of stunting (
= -0·20 %; 95 % CI -0·43 %, 0·03 %), log-wasting (
= -0·02 %; 95 % CI -0·02 %, -0·01 %), log-underweight (
= -0·02 %; 95 % CI -0·03 %, -0·01 %) anaemia (
= -0·44; 95 % CI -0·55 %, -0·34 %), and an increase in LBW (
= 0·06 %; 95 % CI -0·10 %, 0·22 %) in WA over the period. Pooled prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight, anaemia and LBW in WA for the period 1985-2019 was 26·1 %, 16·4 %, 22·7 %, 76·2 % and 11·3 %, respectively.
Child undernutrition prevalence varied greatly between countries and the year cohorts. We observed marginal reductions in prevalence of all outcomes except anaemia where the reductions were quite striking and LBW where an increase was noted. There is the need for more rigorous and sustained targeted interventions in WA.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1368-9800</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1475-2727</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1475-2727</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S1368980022000155</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35039103</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Age ; Anemia ; Birth weight ; Child ; Child Nutrition Disorders - epidemiology ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Children & youth ; Error analysis ; Estimates ; Growth Disorders - epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Iron ; Low birth weight ; Malnutrition ; Malnutrition - epidemiology ; Mathematical models ; Meta-analysis ; Monitoring and Surveillance ; Prevalence ; Regression analysis ; Regression models ; Research Paper ; Robustness (mathematics) ; Standard error ; Surveys ; Thinness - epidemiology ; Trends ; Undernutrition ; Underweight</subject><ispartof>Public health nutrition, 2022-09, Vol.25 (9), p.2358-2370</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society</rights><rights>The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the associated terms available at: https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/reusing-open-access-and-sage-choice-content</rights><rights>The Authors 2022 2022 The Authors</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-42ec44cdc5c8f4cf86d22e0046366bf4eb49bc828f11980a5baf69b7343ae9f53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-42ec44cdc5c8f4cf86d22e0046366bf4eb49bc828f11980a5baf69b7343ae9f53</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5868-6402 ; 0000-0003-1155-4730</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9991671/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980022000155/type/journal_article$$EHTML$$P50$$Gcambridge$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,23297,27901,27902,53766,53768,55779</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35039103$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Dwomoh, Duah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sewor, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohammed, Seidu Awal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annim, Samuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stranges, Saverio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kandala, Ngianga-Bakwin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amegah, A Kofi</creatorcontrib><title>Secular trends in low birth weight and child undernutrition in West Africa: evidence from complex nationwide surveys, 1985–2019</title><title>Public health nutrition</title><addtitle>Public Health Nutr</addtitle><description>We present prevalence estimates and secular trends of stunting, wasting, underweight, and anaemia among children under 5 years of age and low birth weight (LBW) over the period 1985-2019 in West Africa (WA).
Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and World Bank data. DerSimonian-Laird random effect model with the Knapp-Hartung adjustment to the standard error was used to derive overall prevalence estimates. We used fixed effect ordinary least square regression models with cluster robust standard error to conduct time trends analyses.
West Africa.
Children aged 0 to 59 months.
Three distinct periods (1986-1990, 1993-1996 and 1997-2000) of sharp increases in prevalence of all outcomes was observed. After the year 2000, prevalence of all outcomes except LBW started to decline with some fluctuations. LBW prevalence showed a steady increase after 2000. We observed a decline in prevalence of stunting (
= -0·20 %; 95 % CI -0·43 %, 0·03 %), log-wasting (
= -0·02 %; 95 % CI -0·02 %, -0·01 %), log-underweight (
= -0·02 %; 95 % CI -0·03 %, -0·01 %) anaemia (
= -0·44; 95 % CI -0·55 %, -0·34 %), and an increase in LBW (
= 0·06 %; 95 % CI -0·10 %, 0·22 %) in WA over the period. Pooled prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight, anaemia and LBW in WA for the period 1985-2019 was 26·1 %, 16·4 %, 22·7 %, 76·2 % and 11·3 %, respectively.
Child undernutrition prevalence varied greatly between countries and the year cohorts. We observed marginal reductions in prevalence of all outcomes except anaemia where the reductions were quite striking and LBW where an increase was noted. There is the need for more rigorous and sustained targeted interventions in WA.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Anemia</subject><subject>Birth weight</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child Nutrition Disorders - epidemiology</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Error analysis</subject><subject>Estimates</subject><subject>Growth Disorders - epidemiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infant, Low Birth Weight</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Low birth weight</subject><subject>Malnutrition</subject><subject>Malnutrition - epidemiology</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Meta-analysis</subject><subject>Monitoring and Surveillance</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Regression models</subject><subject>Research Paper</subject><subject>Robustness (mathematics)</subject><subject>Standard error</subject><subject>Surveys</subject><subject>Thinness - epidemiology</subject><subject>Trends</subject><subject>Undernutrition</subject><subject>Underweight</subject><issn>1368-9800</issn><issn>1475-2727</issn><issn>1475-2727</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>IKXGN</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kctu1DAUhiMEohd4ADbIEhsWDfgaxywqVRU3qRKLglhajnM84yqxBzuZoTt4Bt6QJ8FRh3ITq2Pp_85__OuvqkcEPyOYyOeXhDWtajGmFGNMhLhTHRIuRU0llXfLu8j1oh9URzlfFUZIKe9XB0xgpghmh9XXS7DzYBKaEoQ-Ix_QEHeo82laox341XpCJvTIrv3Qozn0kMI8JT_5GBb4I-QJnbnkrXmBYOt7CBaQS3FENo6bAT6jYBZ4VySU57SF63yCiGrF9y_fKCbqQXXPmSHDw_08rj68evn-_E198e712_Ozi9pySaaaU7Cc294K2zpuXdv0lALGvGFN0zkOHVedbWnrSDHHRnTGNaqTjDMDygl2XJ3e-G7mboTeQpiSGfQm-dGkax2N138qwa_1Km61Uoo0khSDp3uDFD_NJbcefbYwDCZAnLOmDSWYMiJkQZ_8hV7FOYUST1NZmuIl90KRG8qmmHMCd_sZgvVSsP6n4LLz-PcUtxs_Gy0A25uasUu-X8Gv2_-3_QGNX7HX</recordid><startdate>20220901</startdate><enddate>20220901</enddate><creator>Dwomoh, Duah</creator><creator>Sewor, Christian</creator><creator>Mohammed, Seidu Awal</creator><creator>Annim, Samuel</creator><creator>Stranges, Saverio</creator><creator>Kandala, Ngianga-Bakwin</creator><creator>Amegah, A Kofi</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><scope>IKXGN</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RQ</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5868-6402</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-4730</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220901</creationdate><title>Secular trends in low birth weight and child undernutrition in West Africa: evidence from complex nationwide surveys, 1985–2019</title><author>Dwomoh, Duah ; Sewor, Christian ; Mohammed, Seidu Awal ; Annim, Samuel ; Stranges, Saverio ; Kandala, Ngianga-Bakwin ; Amegah, A Kofi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-42ec44cdc5c8f4cf86d22e0046366bf4eb49bc828f11980a5baf69b7343ae9f53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Age</topic><topic>Anemia</topic><topic>Birth weight</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child Nutrition Disorders - epidemiology</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Error analysis</topic><topic>Estimates</topic><topic>Growth Disorders - epidemiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infant, Low Birth Weight</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Low birth weight</topic><topic>Malnutrition</topic><topic>Malnutrition - epidemiology</topic><topic>Mathematical models</topic><topic>Meta-analysis</topic><topic>Monitoring and Surveillance</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Regression models</topic><topic>Research Paper</topic><topic>Robustness (mathematics)</topic><topic>Standard error</topic><topic>Surveys</topic><topic>Thinness - epidemiology</topic><topic>Trends</topic><topic>Undernutrition</topic><topic>Underweight</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Dwomoh, Duah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sewor, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohammed, Seidu Awal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annim, Samuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stranges, Saverio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kandala, Ngianga-Bakwin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amegah, A Kofi</creatorcontrib><collection>Cambridge Journals Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Career & Technical Education Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Public health nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Dwomoh, Duah</au><au>Sewor, Christian</au><au>Mohammed, Seidu Awal</au><au>Annim, Samuel</au><au>Stranges, Saverio</au><au>Kandala, Ngianga-Bakwin</au><au>Amegah, A Kofi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Secular trends in low birth weight and child undernutrition in West Africa: evidence from complex nationwide surveys, 1985–2019</atitle><jtitle>Public health nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>Public Health Nutr</addtitle><date>2022-09-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>2358</spage><epage>2370</epage><pages>2358-2370</pages><issn>1368-9800</issn><issn>1475-2727</issn><eissn>1475-2727</eissn><abstract>We present prevalence estimates and secular trends of stunting, wasting, underweight, and anaemia among children under 5 years of age and low birth weight (LBW) over the period 1985-2019 in West Africa (WA).
Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and World Bank data. DerSimonian-Laird random effect model with the Knapp-Hartung adjustment to the standard error was used to derive overall prevalence estimates. We used fixed effect ordinary least square regression models with cluster robust standard error to conduct time trends analyses.
West Africa.
Children aged 0 to 59 months.
Three distinct periods (1986-1990, 1993-1996 and 1997-2000) of sharp increases in prevalence of all outcomes was observed. After the year 2000, prevalence of all outcomes except LBW started to decline with some fluctuations. LBW prevalence showed a steady increase after 2000. We observed a decline in prevalence of stunting (
= -0·20 %; 95 % CI -0·43 %, 0·03 %), log-wasting (
= -0·02 %; 95 % CI -0·02 %, -0·01 %), log-underweight (
= -0·02 %; 95 % CI -0·03 %, -0·01 %) anaemia (
= -0·44; 95 % CI -0·55 %, -0·34 %), and an increase in LBW (
= 0·06 %; 95 % CI -0·10 %, 0·22 %) in WA over the period. Pooled prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight, anaemia and LBW in WA for the period 1985-2019 was 26·1 %, 16·4 %, 22·7 %, 76·2 % and 11·3 %, respectively.
Child undernutrition prevalence varied greatly between countries and the year cohorts. We observed marginal reductions in prevalence of all outcomes except anaemia where the reductions were quite striking and LBW where an increase was noted. There is the need for more rigorous and sustained targeted interventions in WA.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>35039103</pmid><doi>10.1017/S1368980022000155</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5868-6402</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-4730</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Age Anemia Birth weight Child Child Nutrition Disorders - epidemiology Child, Preschool Children Children & youth Error analysis Estimates Growth Disorders - epidemiology Humans Infant Infant, Low Birth Weight Infant, Newborn Iron Low birth weight Malnutrition Malnutrition - epidemiology Mathematical models Meta-analysis Monitoring and Surveillance Prevalence Regression analysis Regression models Research Paper Robustness (mathematics) Standard error Surveys Thinness - epidemiology Trends Undernutrition Underweight |
title | Secular trends in low birth weight and child undernutrition in West Africa: evidence from complex nationwide surveys, 1985–2019 |
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