Characterization of Static Strength, Vertical Jumping, and Isokinetic Strength in Soccer Players According to Age, Competitive Level, and Field Position
Muscular strength is strongly related to speed and agility tasks, which have been described as the most decisive actions preceding goals in the soccer game. This study aimed to characterize the players' strength indicators and to analyze the variation associated with age, competition level, and...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of environmental research and public health 2023-01, Vol.20 (3), p.1799 |
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| creator | Gouveia, João Nuno França, Cíntia Martins, Francisco Henriques, Ricardo Nascimento, Marcelo de Maio Ihle, Andreas Sarmento, Hugo Przednowek, Krzysztof Martinho, Diogo Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio |
| description | Muscular strength is strongly related to speed and agility tasks, which have been described as the most decisive actions preceding goals in the soccer game. This study aimed to characterize the players' strength indicators and to analyze the variation associated with age, competition level, and positional role. Eighty-three male soccer players from A team (
= 22), B team (
= 17), U-23 (
= 19), and U-19 (
= 25) participated in this study. Handgrip strength was assessed using a hand dynamometer (Jamar Plus+), countermovement jump (CMJ) and the squat jump (SJ) were evaluated using Optojump Next, and a Biodex System 4 Pro Dynamometer was used to assess the isokinetic strength of knee extension/flexion. Team A players showed increased lower-body strength compared to their peers, mainly through their increased vertical jumping capacity (i.e., CMJ and SJ; ps < 0.019), and superior performance in isokinetic assessments (i.e., peak torque, total work, and average power). Overall, older players outperformed their younger peers regarding vertical jumping, static strength, and average power in isokinetic strength (ps < 0.005). This study emphasizes the superior strength levels of professional soccer players compared with their lower-division peers, even after controlling by age. This information is of great value to sports agents and coaches, underlining the need to design and include strength-specific content during soccer training. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijerph20031799 |
| format | Article |
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= 22), B team (
= 17), U-23 (
= 19), and U-19 (
= 25) participated in this study. Handgrip strength was assessed using a hand dynamometer (Jamar Plus+), countermovement jump (CMJ) and the squat jump (SJ) were evaluated using Optojump Next, and a Biodex System 4 Pro Dynamometer was used to assess the isokinetic strength of knee extension/flexion. Team A players showed increased lower-body strength compared to their peers, mainly through their increased vertical jumping capacity (i.e., CMJ and SJ; ps < 0.019), and superior performance in isokinetic assessments (i.e., peak torque, total work, and average power). Overall, older players outperformed their younger peers regarding vertical jumping, static strength, and average power in isokinetic strength (ps < 0.005). This study emphasizes the superior strength levels of professional soccer players compared with their lower-division peers, even after controlling by age. This information is of great value to sports agents and coaches, underlining the need to design and include strength-specific content during soccer training.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-7827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031799</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36767166</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Age ; Data collection ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Isokinetic strength ; Jumping ; Knee ; Laboratories ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Muscle Strength ; Players ; Soccer ; Sports agents ; Teams ; Velocity ; Warm up (exercise)</subject><ispartof>International journal of environmental research and public health, 2023-01, Vol.20 (3), p.1799</ispartof><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3619-ba7619c848d8fd37033b254504f59782ff3e1c10b7800415001902d63eae410a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3619-ba7619c848d8fd37033b254504f59782ff3e1c10b7800415001902d63eae410a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8364-6832 ; 0000-0003-0927-692X ; 0000-0001-8681-0642 ; 0000-0002-8852-089X ; 0000-0001-9845-5190 ; 0000-0002-2128-4116 ; 0000-0003-4838-4931 ; 0000-0002-3577-3439 ; 0000-0003-0825-4032</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9914659/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9914659/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36767166$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gouveia, João Nuno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>França, Cíntia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martins, Francisco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Henriques, Ricardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nascimento, Marcelo de Maio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ihle, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarmento, Hugo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Przednowek, Krzysztof</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martinho, Diogo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio</creatorcontrib><title>Characterization of Static Strength, Vertical Jumping, and Isokinetic Strength in Soccer Players According to Age, Competitive Level, and Field Position</title><title>International journal of environmental research and public health</title><addtitle>Int J Environ Res Public Health</addtitle><description>Muscular strength is strongly related to speed and agility tasks, which have been described as the most decisive actions preceding goals in the soccer game. This study aimed to characterize the players' strength indicators and to analyze the variation associated with age, competition level, and positional role. Eighty-three male soccer players from A team (
= 22), B team (
= 17), U-23 (
= 19), and U-19 (
= 25) participated in this study. Handgrip strength was assessed using a hand dynamometer (Jamar Plus+), countermovement jump (CMJ) and the squat jump (SJ) were evaluated using Optojump Next, and a Biodex System 4 Pro Dynamometer was used to assess the isokinetic strength of knee extension/flexion. Team A players showed increased lower-body strength compared to their peers, mainly through their increased vertical jumping capacity (i.e., CMJ and SJ; ps < 0.019), and superior performance in isokinetic assessments (i.e., peak torque, total work, and average power). Overall, older players outperformed their younger peers regarding vertical jumping, static strength, and average power in isokinetic strength (ps < 0.005). This study emphasizes the superior strength levels of professional soccer players compared with their lower-division peers, even after controlling by age. 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This study aimed to characterize the players' strength indicators and to analyze the variation associated with age, competition level, and positional role. Eighty-three male soccer players from A team (
= 22), B team (
= 17), U-23 (
= 19), and U-19 (
= 25) participated in this study. Handgrip strength was assessed using a hand dynamometer (Jamar Plus+), countermovement jump (CMJ) and the squat jump (SJ) were evaluated using Optojump Next, and a Biodex System 4 Pro Dynamometer was used to assess the isokinetic strength of knee extension/flexion. Team A players showed increased lower-body strength compared to their peers, mainly through their increased vertical jumping capacity (i.e., CMJ and SJ; ps < 0.019), and superior performance in isokinetic assessments (i.e., peak torque, total work, and average power). Overall, older players outperformed their younger peers regarding vertical jumping, static strength, and average power in isokinetic strength (ps < 0.005). This study emphasizes the superior strength levels of professional soccer players compared with their lower-division peers, even after controlling by age. This information is of great value to sports agents and coaches, underlining the need to design and include strength-specific content during soccer training.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>36767166</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijerph20031799</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8364-6832</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0927-692X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8681-0642</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8852-089X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9845-5190</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2128-4116</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4838-4931</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3577-3439</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0825-4032</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; PubMed Central Open Access; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Age Data collection Hand Strength Humans Isokinetic strength Jumping Knee Laboratories Lower Extremity Male Muscle Strength Players Soccer Sports agents Teams Velocity Warm up (exercise) |
| title | Characterization of Static Strength, Vertical Jumping, and Isokinetic Strength in Soccer Players According to Age, Competitive Level, and Field Position |
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